Worthy.Bible » Parallel » 1 Timothy » Chapter 4

1 Timothy 4:1-16 King James Version (KJV)

1 Now the Spirit speaketh expressly, that in the latter times some shall depart from the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits, and doctrines of devils;

2 Speaking lies in hypocrisy; having their conscience seared with a hot iron;

3 Forbidding to marry, and commanding to abstain from meats, which God hath created to be received with thanksgiving of them which believe and know the truth.

4 For every creature of God is good, and nothing to be refused, if it be received with thanksgiving:

5 For it is sanctified by the word of God and prayer.

6 If thou put the brethren in remembrance of these things, thou shalt be a good minister of Jesus Christ, nourished up in the words of faith and of good doctrine, whereunto thou hast attained.

7 But refuse profane and old wives' fables, and exercise thyself rather unto godliness.

8 For bodily exercise profiteth little: but godliness is profitable unto all things, having promise of the life that now is, and of that which is to come.

9 This is a faithful saying and worthy of all acceptation.

10 For therefore we both labour and suffer reproach, because we trust in the living God, who is the Saviour of all men, specially of those that believe.

11 These things command and teach.

12 Let no man despise thy youth; but be thou an example of the believers, in word, in conversation, in charity, in spirit, in faith, in purity.

13 Till I come, give attendance to reading, to exhortation, to doctrine.

14 Neglect not the gift that is in thee, which was given thee by prophecy, with the laying on of the hands of the presbytery.

15 Meditate upon these things; give thyself wholly to them; that thy profiting may appear to all.

16 Take heed unto thyself, and unto the doctrine; continue in them: for in doing this thou shalt both save thyself, and them that hear thee.


1 Timothy 4:1-16 King James Version with Strong's Concordance (STRONG)

1 Now G1161 the Spirit G4151 speaketh G3004 expressly, G4490 that G3754 in G1722 the latter G5306 times G2540 some G5100 shall depart from G868 the faith, G4102 giving heed G4337 to seducing G4108 spirits, G4151 and G2532 doctrines G1319 of devils; G1140

2 Speaking lies G5573 in G1722 hypocrisy; G5272 having G2743 their G2398 conscience G4893 seared with a hot iron; G2743

3 Forbidding G2967 to marry, G1060 and commanding to abstain from G567 meats, G1033 which G3739 God G2316 hath created G2936 to G1519 be received G3336 with G3326 thanksgiving G2169 of them which believe G4103 and G2532 know G1921 the truth. G225

4 For G3754 every G3956 creature G2938 of God G2316 is good, G2570 and G2532 nothing G3762 to be refused, G579 if it be received G2983 with G3326 thanksgiving: G2169

5 For G1063 it is sanctified G37 by G1223 the word G3056 of God G2316 and G2532 prayer. G1783

6 If thou put G5294 the brethren G80 in remembrance G5294 of these things, G5023 thou shalt be G2071 a good G2570 minister G1249 of Jesus G2424 Christ, G5547 nourished up G1789 in the words G3056 of faith G4102 and G2532 of good G2570 doctrine, G1319 whereunto G3739 thou hast attained. G3877

7 But G1161 refuse G3868 profane G952 and G2532 old wives' G1126 fables, G3454 and G1161 exercise G1128 thyself G4572 rather unto G4314 godliness. G2150

8 For G1063 bodily G4984 exercise G1129 profiteth G2076 little: G4314 G3641 but G1161 godliness G2150 is G2076 profitable G5624 unto G4314 all things, G3956 having G2192 promise G1860 of the life G2222 that now is, G3568 and G2532 of that which is to come. G3195

9 This is a faithful G4103 saying G3056 and G2532 worthy G514 of all G3956 acceptation. G594

10 For G1063 therefore G1519 G5124 we G2872 both G2532 labour G2872 and G2532 suffer reproach, G3679 because G3754 we trust G1679 in G1909 the living G2198 God, G2316 who G3739 is G2076 the Saviour G4990 of all G3956 men, G444 specially G3122 of those that believe. G4103

11 These things G5023 command G3853 and G2532 teach. G1321

12 Let G2706 no man G3367 despise G2706 thy G4675 youth; G3503 but G235 be thou G1096 an example G5179 of the believers, G4103 in G1722 word, G3056 in G1722 conversation, G391 in G1722 charity, G26 in G1722 spirit, G4151 in G1722 faith, G4102 in G1722 purity. G47

13 Till G2193 I come, G2064 give attendance G4337 to reading, G320 to exhortation, G3874 to doctrine. G1319

14 Neglect G272 not G3361 the gift G5486 that is in G1722 thee, G4671 which G3739 was given G1325 thee G4671 by G1223 prophecy, G4394 with G3326 the laying on G1936 of the hands G5495 of the presbytery. G4244

15 Meditate upon G3191 these things; G5023 give thyself G2468 wholly to G1722 them; G5125 that G2443 thy G4675 profiting G4297 may G5600 appear G5318 to G1722 all. G3956

16 Take heed G1907 unto thyself, G4572 and G2532 unto the doctrine; G1319 continue G1961 in them: G846 for G1063 in doing G4160 this G5124 thou shalt G4982 both G2532 save G4982 thyself, G4572 and G2532 them that hear G191 thee. G4675


1 Timothy 4:1-16 American Standard (ASV)

1 But the Spirit saith expressly, that in later times some shall fall away from the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits and doctrines of demons,

2 through the hypocrisy of men that speak lies, branded in their own conscience as with a hot iron;

3 forbidding to marry, `and commanding' to abstain from meats, which God created to be received with thanksgiving by them that believe and know the truth.

4 For every creature of God is good, and nothing is to be rejected, if it be received with thanksgiving:

5 for it is sanctified through the word of God and prayer.

6 If thou put the brethren in mind of these things, thou shalt be a good minister of Christ Jesus, nourished in the words of the faith, and of the good doctrine which thou hast followed `until now':

7 but refuse profane and old wives' fables. And exercise thyself unto godliness:

8 for bodily exercise is profitable for a little; but godliness is profitable for all things, having promise of the life which now is, and of that which is to come.

9 Faithful is the saying, and worthy of all acceptation.

10 For to this end we labor and strive, because we have our hope set on the living God, who is the Saviour of all men, specially of them that believe.

11 These things command and teach.

12 Let no man despise thy youth; but be thou an ensample to them that believe, in word, in manner of life, in love, in faith, in purity.

13 Till I come, give heed to reading, to exhortation, to teaching.

14 Neglect not the gift that is in thee, which was given thee by prophecy, with the laying on of the hands of the presbytery.

15 Be diligent in these things; give thyself wholly to them; that thy progress may be manifest unto all.

16 Take heed to thyself, and to thy teaching. Continue in these things; for in doing this thou shalt save both thyself and them that hear thee.


1 Timothy 4:1-16 Young's Literal Translation (YLT)

1 And the Spirit expressly speaketh, that in latter times shall certain fall away from the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits and teachings of demons,

2 in hypocrisy speaking lies, being seared in their own conscience,

3 forbidding to marry -- to abstain from meats that God created to be received with thanksgiving by those believing and acknowledging the truth,

4 because every creature of God `is' good, and nothing `is' to be rejected, with thanksgiving being received,

5 for it is sanctified through the word of God and intercession.

6 These things placing before the brethren, thou shalt be a good ministrant of Jesus Christ, being nourished by the words of the faith, and of the good teaching, which thou didst follow after,

7 and the profane and old women's fables reject thou, and exercise thyself unto piety,

8 for the bodily exercise is unto little profit, and the piety is to all things profitable, a promise having of the life that now is, and of that which is coming;

9 stedfast `is' the word, and of all acceptation worthy;

10 for for this we both labour and are reproached, because we hope on the living God, who is Saviour of all men -- especially of those believing.

11 Charge these things, and teach;

12 let no one despise thy youth, but a pattern become thou of those believing in word, in behaviour, in love, in spirit, in faith, in purity;

13 till I come, give heed to the reading, to the exhortation, to the teaching;

14 be not careless of the gift in thee, that was given thee through prophecy, with laying on of the hands of the eldership;

15 of these things be careful; in these things be, that thy advancement may be manifest in all things;

16 take heed to thyself, and to the teaching; remain in them, for this thing doing, both thyself thou shalt save, and those hearing thee.


1 Timothy 4:1-16 Darby English Bible (DARBY)

1 But the Spirit speaks expressly, that in latter times some shall apostatise from the faith, giving their mind to deceiving spirits and teachings of demons

2 speaking lies in hypocrisy, cauterised as to their own conscience,

3 forbidding to marry, [bidding] to abstain from meats, which God has created for receiving with thanksgiving for them who are faithful and know the truth.

4 For every creature of God [is] good, and nothing [is] to be rejected, being received with thanksgiving;

5 for it is sanctified by God's word and freely addressing [him].

6 Laying these things before the brethren, thou wilt be a good minister of Christ Jesus, nourished with the words of the faith and of the good teaching which thou hast fully followed up.

7 But profane and old wives' fables avoid, but exercise thyself unto piety;

8 for bodily exercise is profitable for a little, but piety is profitable for everything, having promise of life, of the present one, and of that to come.

9 The word [is] faithful and worthy of all acceptation;

10 for, for this we labour and suffer reproach, because we hope in a living God, who is preserver of all men, specially of those that believe.

11 Enjoin and teach these things.

12 Let no one despise thy youth, but be a model of the believers, in word, in conduct, in love, in faith, in purity.

13 Till I come, give thyself to reading, to exhortation, to teaching.

14 Be not negligent of the gift [that is] in thee, which has been given to thee through prophecy, with imposition of the hands of the elderhood.

15 Occupy thyself with these things; be wholly in them, that thy progress may be manifest to all.

16 Give heed to thyself and to the teaching; continue in them; for, doing this, thou shalt save both thyself and those that hear thee.


1 Timothy 4:1-16 World English Bible (WEB)

1 But the Spirit says expressly that in later times some will fall away from the faith, paying attention to seducing spirits and doctrines of demons,

2 through the hypocrisy of men who speak lies, branded in their own conscience as with a hot iron;

3 forbidding marriage and commanding to abstain from foods which God created to be received with thanksgiving by those who believe and know the truth.

4 For every creature of God is good, and nothing is to be rejected, if it is received with thanksgiving.

5 For it is sanctified through the word of God and prayer.

6 If you instruct the brothers of these things, you will be a good servant of Christ Jesus, nourished in the words of the faith, and of the good doctrine which you have followed.

7 But refuse profane and old wives' fables. Exercise yourself toward godliness.

8 For bodily exercise has some value, but godliness has value for all things, having the promise of the life which is now, and of that which is to come.

9 This saying is faithful and worthy of all acceptance.

10 For to this end we both labor and suffer reproach, because we have set our trust in the living God, who is the Savior of all men, especially of those who believe.

11 Command and teach these things.

12 Let no man despise your youth; but be an example to those who believe, in word, in your way of life, in love, in spirit, in faith, and in purity.

13 Until I come, pay attention to reading, to exhortation, and to teaching.

14 Don't neglect the gift that is in you, which was given to you by prophecy, with the laying on of the hands of the elders.

15 Be diligent in these things. Give yourself wholly to them, that your progress may be revealed to all.

16 Pay attention to yourself, and to your teaching. Continue in these things, for in doing this you will save both yourself and those who hear you.


1 Timothy 4:1-16 Bible in Basic English (BBE)

1 But the Spirit says clearly that in later times some will be turned away from the faith, giving their minds to spirits of deceit, and the teachings of evil spirits,

2 Through the false ways of men whose words are untrue, whose hearts are burned as with a heated iron;

3 Who keep men from being married and from taking food which God made to be taken with praise by those who have faith and true knowledge.

4 Because everything which God has made is good, and nothing is evil, if it is taken with praise:

5 For it is made holy by the word of God and by prayer.

6 If you keep these things before the minds of the brothers, you will be a good servant of Christ Jesus, trained in the words of the faith and of the right teaching which has been your guide:

7 But have nothing to do with unclean and foolish stories. Give yourself training in religion:

8 For the training of the body is of profit for a little, but religion is of profit in every way, giving hope for the life which now is, and for that which is to come.

9 This is a true saying, in which all may put their faith.

10 And this is the purpose of all our work and our fighting, because our hope is in the living God, who is the Saviour of all men, and specially of those who have faith.

11 Let these be your orders and your teaching.

12 Let no one make little of you because you are young, but be an example to the church in word, in behaviour, in love, in faith, in holy living.

13 Till I come, give attention to the reading of the holy Writings, to comforting the saints, and to teaching.

14 Make use of that grace in you, which was given to you by the word of the prophets, when the rulers of the church put their hands on you.

15 Have a care for these things; give yourself to them with all your heart, so that all may see how you go forward.

16 Give attention to yourself and your teaching. Go on in these things; for in doing so you will get salvation for yourself and for those who give hearing to you.

Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Matthew Henry Commentary » Commentary on 1 Timothy 4

Commentary on 1 Timothy 4 Matthew Henry Commentary


Chapter 4

Paul here foretels,

  • I. A dreadful apostasy (v. 1-3).
  • II. He treats of Christian liberty (v. 4, 5).
  • III. He gives Timothy divers directions with respect to himself, his doctrine, and the people under his care (v. 6-16).

1Ti 4:1-5

We have here a prophecy of the apostasy of the latter times, which he had spoken of as a thing expected and taken for granted among Christians, 2 Th. 2.

  • I. In the close of the foregoing chapter, we had the mystery of godliness summed up; and therefore very fitly, in the beginning of this chapter, we have the mystery of iniquity summed up: The Spirit speaks expressly that in the latter times some shall depart from the faith; whether he means the Spirit in the Old Testament, or the Spirit in the prophets of the New Testament, or both. The prophecies concerning antichrist, as well as the prophecies concerning Christ, came from the Spirit. The Spirit in both spoke expressly of a general apostasy from the faith of Christ and the pure worship of God. This should come in the latter times, during the Christian dispensation, for these are called the latter days; in the following ages of the church, for the mystery of iniquity now began to work. Some shall depart from the faith, or there shall be an apostasy from the faith. Some, not all; for in the worst of times God will have a remnant, according to the election of grace. They shall depart from the faith, the faith delivered to the saints (Jude 3), which was delivered at once, the sound doctrine of the gospel. Giving heed to seducing spirits, men who pretended to the Spirit, but were not really guided by the Spirit, 1 Jn. 4:1. Beloved, believe not every spirit, every one who pretends to the Spirit. Now here observe,
    • 1. One of the great instances of the apostasy, namely, giving heed to doctrines of demons, or concerning demons; that is, those doctrines which teach the worship of saints and angels, as a middle sort of deities, between the immortal God and mortal men, such as the heathen called demons, and worshipped under that notion. Now this plainly agrees to the church of Rome, and it was one of the first steps towards that great apostasy, the enshrining of the relics of martyrs, paying divine honours to them, erecting altars, burning incense, consecrating images and temples, and making prayers and praises to the honour of saints departed. This demon-worship is paganism revived, the image of the first beast.
    • 2. The instruments of promoting and propagating this apostasy and delusion.
      • (1.) It will be done by hypocrisy of those that speak lies, the agents and emissaries of Satan, who promote these delusions by lies and forgeries and pretended miracles, v. 2. It is done by their hypocrisy, professing honour to Christ, and yet at the same time fighting against all his anointed offices, and corrupting or profaning all his ordinances. This respects also the hypocrisy of those who have their consciences seared with a red-hot iron, who are perfectly lost to the very first principles of virtue and moral honesty. If men had not their consciences seared as with a hot iron, they could never maintain a power to dispense with oaths for the good of the catholic cause, could never maintain that no faith is to be kept with heretics, could never divest themselves of all remains of humanity and compassion, and clothe themselves with the most barbarous cruelty, under pretence of promoting the interest of the church.
      • (2.) Another part of their character is that they forbid to marry, forbid their clergy to marry, and speak very reproachfully of marriage, though an ordinance of God; and that they command to abstain from meats, and place religion in such abstinence at certain times and seasons, only to exercise a tyranny over the consciences of men.
    • 3. On the whole observe,
      • (1.) The apostasy of the latter times should not surprise us, because it was expressly foretold by the Spirit.
      • (2.) The Spirit is God, otherwise he could not certainly foresee such distant events, which as to us are uncertain and contingent, depending on the tempers, humours, and lusts of men.
      • (3.) The difference between the predictions of the Spirit and the oracles of the heathen is remarkable; the Spirit speaks expressly, but the oracles of the heathen were always doubtful and uncertain.
      • (4.) It is comfortable to think that in such general apostasies all are not carried away, but only some.
      • (5.) It is common for seducers and deceivers to pretend to the Spirit, which is a strong presumption that all are convinced that this is the most likely to work in us an approbation of what pretends to come from the Spirit.
      • (6.) Men must be hardened, and their consciences seared, before they can depart from the faith, and draw in others to side with them.
      • (7.) It is a sign that men have departed from the faith when they will command what God has forbidden, such as saint and angel or demon-worship; and forbid what God has allowed or commanded, such as marriage and meats.
  • II. Having mentioned their hypocritical fastings, the apostle takes occasion to lay down the doctrine of the Christian liberty, which we enjoy under the gospel, of using God's good creatures,-that, whereas under the law there was a distinction of meats between clean and unclean (such sorts of flesh they might eat, and such they might not eat), all this is now taken away; and we are to call nothing common or unclean, Acts 10:15. Here observe,
    • 1. We are to look upon our food as that which God has created; we have it from him, and therefore must use it for him.
    • 2. God, in making those things, had a special regard to those who believe and know the truth, to good Christians, who have a covenant right to the creatures, whereas others have only a common right.
    • 3. What God has created is to be received with thanksgiving. We must not refuse the gifts of God's bounty, nor be scrupulous in making differences where God has made none; but receive them, and be thankful, acknowledging the power of God the Maker of them, and the bounty of God the giver of them: Every creature of God is good, and nothing to be refused, v. 4. This plainly sets us at liberty from all the distinctions of meats appointed by the ceremonial law, as particularly that of swine's flesh, which the Jews were forbidden to eat, but which is allowed to us Christians, by this rule, Every creature of God is good, etc. Observe, God's good creatures are then good, and doubly sweet to us, when they are received with thanksgiving.-For it is sanctified by the word of God and prayer, v. 5. It is a desirable thing to have a sanctified use of our creature-comforts. Now they are sanctified to us,
      • (1.) By the word of God; not only his permission, allowing us the liberty of the use of these things, but his promise to feed us with food convenient for us. This gives us a sanctified use of our creature-comforts.
      • (2.) By prayer, which blesses our meat to us. The word of God and prayer must be brought to our common actions and affairs, and then we do all in faith. Here observe,
        • [1.] Every creature is God's, for he made all. Every beast in the forest is mine (says God), and the cattle upon a thousand hills. I know all the fowls of the mountains, and the wild beasts of the field are mine, Ps. 50:10, 11.
        • [2.] Every creature of God is good: when the blessed God took a survey of all his works, God saw all that was made, and, behold, it was very good, Gen. 1:31.
        • [3.] The blessing of God makes every creature nourishing to us; man lives not by bread alone, but by every word that proceeds out of the mouth of God (Mt. 4:4), and therefore nothing ought to be refused.
        • [4.] We ought therefore to ask his blessing by prayer, and so to sanctify the creatures we receive by prayer.

1Ti 4:6-16

The apostle would have Timothy to instil into the minds of Christians such sentiments as might prevent their being seduced by the judaizing teachers. Observe, Those are good ministers of Jesus Christ who are diligent in their work; not that study to advance new notions, but that put the brethren in remembrance of those things which they have received and heard. Wherefore I will not be negligent to put you always in remembrance of these things, though you knew them, 2 Pt. 1:12. And elsewhere, I stir up your pure minds by way of remembrance, 2 Pt. 3:1. And, says the apostle Jude, I will therefore put you in remembrance, Jude 5. You see that the apostles and apostolical men reckoned it a main part of their work to put their hearers in remembrance; for we are apt to forget, and slow to learn and remember, the things of God.-Nourished up in the words of faith and good doctrine, whereunto thou hast attained. Observe,

  • 1. Even ministers themselves have need to be growing and increasing in the knowledge of Christ and his doctrine: they must be nourished up in the words of faith.
  • 2. The best way for ministers to grow in knowledge and faith is to put the brethren in remembrance; while we teach others, we teach ourselves.
  • 3. Those whom ministers teach are brethren, and are to be treated like brethren; for ministers are not lords of God's heritage.
    • I. Godliness is here pressed upon him and others: Refuse profane and old wives' sayings, v. 7, 8, The Jewish traditions, which some people fill their heads with, have nothing to do with them. But exercise thyself rather unto godliness; that is, mind practical religion. Those who would be godly must exercise themselves unto godliness; it requires a constant exercise. The reason is taken from the fain of godliness; bodily exercise profits little, or for a little time. Abstinence from meats and marriage, and the like, though they pass for acts of mortification and self-denial, yet profit little, they turn to little account. What will it avail us to mortify the body if we do not mortify sin? Observe,
      • 1. There is a great deal to be got by godliness; it will be of use to us in the whole of our life, for it has the promise of the life that now is, and of that which is to come.
      • 2. The gain of godliness lies much in the promise: and the promises made to godly people relate to the life that now is, but especially they relate to the life that is to come. Under the Old Testament the promises were mostly of temporal blessings, but under the New Testament of spiritual and eternal blessings. If godly people have but little of the good things of the life that now is, yet it shall be made up to them in the good things of the life that is to come.
      • 3. There were profane and old wives' fables in the days of the apostles; and Timothy, though an excellent man, was not above such a word of advice, Refuse profane, etc.
      • 4. It is not enough that we refuse profane and old wives' fables, but we must exercise ourselves to godliness; we must not only cease to do evil, but we must learn to do well (Isa. 1:16, 17), and we must make a practice of exercising ourselves to godliness. And,
      • 5. Those who are truly godly shall not be losers at last, whatever becomes of those who content themselves with bodily exercise, for godliness has the promise, etc.
    • II. The encouragement which we have to proceed in the ways of godliness, and to exercise ourselves to it, notwithstanding the difficulties and discouragements that we meet with in it. He had said (v. 8) that it is profitable for all things, having the promise of the life which now is. But the question is, Will the profit balance the loss? For, if it will not, it is not profit. Yes, we are sure it will. Here is another of Paul's faithful sayings, worthy of all acceptation-that all our labours and losses in the service of God and the work of religion will be abundantly recompensed, so that though we lose for Christ we shall not lose by him. Therefore we labour and suffer reproach, because we trust in the living God, v. 10. Observe,
      • 1. Godly people must labour and expect reproach; they must do well, and yet expect at the same time to suffer ill: toil and trouble are to be expected by us in this world, not only as men, but as saints.
      • 2. Those who labour and suffer reproach in the service of God and the work of religion may depend upon the living God that they shall not lose by it. Let this encourage them, We trust in the living God. The consideration of this, that the God who has undertaken to be our pay-master is the living God, who does himself live for ever and is the fountain of life to all who serve him, should encourage us in all our services and in all our sufferings for him, especially considering that he is the Saviour of all men.
        • (1.) By his providences he protects the persons, and prolongs the lives, of the children of men.
        • (2.) He has a general good-will to the eternal salvation of all men thus far that he is not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance. He desires not the death of sinners; he is thus far the Saviour of all men that none are left in the same desperate condition that fallen angels are in. Now, if he be thus the Saviour of all men, we may hence infer that much more he will be the rewarder of those who seek and serve him; if he has such a good-will for all his creatures, much more will he provide well for those who are new creatures, who are born again. He is the Saviour of all men, but especially of those that believe; and the salvation he has in store for those that believe is sufficient to recompense them for all their services and sufferings. Here we see,
          • [1.] The life of a Christian is a life of labour and suffering: We labour and suffer.
          • [2.] The best we can expect to suffer in the present life is reproach for our well-doing, for our work of faith and labour of love.
          • [3.] True Christians trust in the living God; for cursed is the man that trusts in man, or in any but the living God; and those that trust in him shall never be ashamed. Trust in him at all times.
          • [4.] God is the general Saviour of all men, as he has put them into a salvable state; but he is in a particular manner the Saviour of true believers; there is then a general and a special redemption.
    • III. He concludes the chapter with an exhortation to Timothy,
      • 1. To command and teach these things that he had now been teaching him. "Command them to exercise themselves unto godliness, teach them the profit of it, and that if they serve God they serve one who will be sure to bear them out.'
      • 2. To conduct himself with that gravity and prudence which might gain him respect, notwithstanding his youth: "Let no man despise thy youth; that is, give no man an occasion to despise thy youth.' Men's youth will not be despised if they do not by youthful vanities and follies make themselves despicable; and this men may do who are old, who may therefore thank themselves if they be despised.
      • 3. To confirm his doctrine by a good example: Be thou an example of the believers, etc. Observe, Those who teach by their doctrine must teach by their live, else they pull down with one hand what they build up with the other: they must be examples both in word and conversation. Their discourse must be edifying, and this will be a good example: their conversation must be strict, and this will be a good example: they must be examples in charity, or love to God and all good men, examples in spirit, that is, in spiritual-mindedness, in spiritual worship,-in faith, that is, in the profession of Christian faith,-and in purity or chastity.
      • 4. He charges him to study hard: Till I come, give attendance to reading, to exhortation, to doctrine, to meditation upon these things, v. 13. Though Timothy had extraordinary gifts, yet he must use ordinary means. Or it may be meant of the public reading of the scriptures; he must read and exhort, that is, read and expound, read and press what he read upon them; he must expound it both by way of exhortation and by way of doctrine; he must teach them both what to do and what to believe. Observe,
        • (1.) Ministers must teach and command the things that they are themselves taught and commanded to do; they must teach people to observe all things whatsoever Christ has commanded, Mt. 28:20.
        • (2.) The best way for ministers to avoid being despised is to teach and practise the things that are given them in charge. No wonder if ministers are despised who do not teach these things, or who, instead of being examples of good to believers, act directly contrary to the doctrines they preach; for ministers are to be ensamples of their flock.
        • (3.) Those ministers that are the best accomplished for their work must yet mind their studies, that they may be improving in knowledge; and they must mind also their work; they are to give attendance to reading, to exhortation, to doctrine.
      • 5. He charges him to beware of negligence: Neglect not the gift that is in thee, v. 14. The gifts of God will wither if they be neglected. It may be understood either of the office to which he was advanced, or of his qualifications for that office; if of the former, it was ordination in an ordinary way; if of the latter, it was extraordinary. It seems to be the former, for it was by laying on of hands, etc. Here see the scripture-way of ordination: it was by the laying on of hands, and the laying on of the hands of the presbytery. Observe, Timothy was ordained by men in office. It was an extraordinary gift that we read of elsewhere as being conferred on him by the laying on of Paul's hands, but he was invested in the office of the ministry by the laying on of the hands of the presbytery.
        • (1.) We may note, The office of the ministry is a gift, it is the gift of Christ; when he ascended on high, he received gifts for men, and he gave some apostles, and some pastors and teachers (Eph. 4:8, 11), and this was a very kind gift to his church.
        • (2.) Ministers ought not to neglect the gift bestowed upon them, whether by gift we are here to understand the office of the ministry or the qualifications for the office; neither the one nor the other must be neglected.
        • (3.) Though there was a prophecy in the case of Timothy (the gift was given by prophecy), yet this was accompanied by the laying on of the hands of the presbytery, that is, a number of presbyters; the office was conveyed to him this way; and I should think here is a sufficient warrant for ordination by presbyters, since it does not appear that Paul was concerned in Timothy's ordination. It is true, extraordinary gifts were conferred on him by the laying on of the apostle's hands (2 Tim. 1:6), but, if he was concerned in his ordination, the presbytery was not excluded, for that is particularly mentioned, whence it seems pretty evident that the presbytery have the inherent power of ordination.
      • 6. Having this work committed to him, he must give himself wholly to it: "Be wholly in those things, that thy profiting may appear.' He was a wise knowing man, and yet must still be profiting, and make it appear that he improved in knowledge. Observe,
        • (1.) Ministers are to be much in meditation. They are to consider beforehand how and what they must speak. They are to meditate on the great trust committed to them, on the worth and value of immortal souls, and on the account they must give at the last.
        • (2.) Ministers must be wholly in these things, they must mind these things as their principal work and business: Give thyself wholly to them.
        • (3.) By this means their profiting will appear in all things, as well a to all persons; this is the way for them to profit in knowledge and grace, and also to profit others.
      • 7. He presses it upon him to be very cautious: "Take heed to thyself and to the doctrine, consider what thou preachest; continue in them, in the truths that thou hast received; and this will be the way to save thyself, and those that hear thee.' Observe,
        • (1.) Ministers are engaged in saving work, which makes it a good work.
        • (2.) The care of ministers should be in the first place to save themselves: "Save thyself in the first place, so shalt thou be instrumental to save those that hear thee.'
        • (3.) Ministers in preaching should aim at the salvation of those that hear them, next to the salvation of their own souls.
        • (4.) The best way to answer both these ends is to take heed to ourselves, etc.