1 Man that is born of a woman is of few days and full of trouble.
2 He cometh forth like a flower, and is cut down: he fleeth also as a shadow, and continueth not.
3 And doth thou open thine eyes upon such an one, and bringest me into judgment with thee?
4 Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? not one.
5 Seeing his days are determined, the number of his months are with thee, thou hast appointed his bounds that he cannot pass;
6 Turn from him, that he may rest, till he shall accomplish, as an hireling, his day.
7 For there is hope of a tree, if it be cut down, that it will sprout again, and that the tender branch thereof will not cease.
8 Though the root thereof wax old in the earth, and the stock thereof die in the ground;
9 Yet through the scent of water it will bud, and bring forth boughs like a plant.
10 But man dieth, and wasteth away: yea, man giveth up the ghost, and where is he?
11 As the waters fail from the sea, and the flood decayeth and drieth up:
12 So man lieth down, and riseth not: till the heavens be no more, they shall not awake, nor be raised out of their sleep.
13 O that thou wouldest hide me in the grave, that thou wouldest keep me secret, until thy wrath be past, that thou wouldest appoint me a set time, and remember me!
14 If a man die, shall he live again? all the days of my appointed time will I wait, till my change come.
15 Thou shalt call, and I will answer thee: thou wilt have a desire to the work of thine hands.
16 For now thou numberest my steps: dost thou not watch over my sin?
17 My transgression is sealed up in a bag, and thou sewest up mine iniquity.
18 And surely the mountains falling cometh to nought, and the rock is removed out of his place.
19 The waters wear the stones: thou washest away the things which grow out of the dust of the earth; and thou destroyest the hope of man.
20 Thou prevailest for ever against him, and he passeth: thou changest his countenance, and sendest him away.
21 His sons come to honour, and he knoweth it not; and they are brought low, but he perceiveth it not of them.
22 But his flesh upon him shall have pain, and his soul within him shall mourn.
1 Man H120 that is born H3205 of a woman H802 is of few H7116 days, H3117 and full H7649 of trouble. H7267
2 He cometh forth H3318 like a flower, H6731 and is cut down: H5243 he fleeth H1272 also as a shadow, H6738 and continueth H5975 not.
3 And dost thou open H6491 thine eyes H5869 upon such an one, H2088 and bringest H935 me into judgment H4941 with thee?
4 Who can bring H5414 a clean H2889 thing out of an unclean? H2931 not one. H259
5 Seeing H518 his days H3117 are determined, H2782 the number H4557 of his months H2320 are with thee, thou hast appointed H6213 his bounds H2706 that he cannot pass; H5674
6 Turn H8159 from him, that he may rest, H2308 till he shall accomplish, H7521 as an hireling, H7916 his day. H3117
7 For there is H3426 hope H8615 of a tree, H6086 if it be cut down, H3772 that it will sprout again, H2498 and that the tender branch H3127 thereof will not cease. H2308
8 Though the root H8328 thereof wax old H2204 in the earth, H776 and the stock H1503 thereof die H4191 in the ground; H6083
9 Yet through the scent H7381 of water H4325 it will bud, H6524 and bring forth H6213 boughs H7105 like a plant. H5194
10 But man H1397 dieth, H4191 and wasteth away: H2522 yea, man H120 giveth up the ghost, H1478 and where is he?
11 As the waters H4325 fail H235 from the sea, H3220 and the flood H5104 decayeth H2717 and drieth up: H3001
12 So man H376 lieth down, H7901 and riseth H6965 not: till the heavens H8064 be no more, H1115 they shall not awake, H6974 nor be raised out H5782 of their sleep. H8142
13 O that H5414 thou wouldest hide H6845 me in the grave, H7585 that thou wouldest keep me secret, H5641 until thy wrath H639 be past, H7725 that thou wouldest appoint H7896 me a set time, H2706 and remember H2142 me!
14 If a man H1397 die, H4191 shall he live H2421 again? all the days H3117 of my appointed time H6635 will I wait, H3176 till my change H2487 come. H935
15 Thou shalt call, H7121 and I will answer H6030 thee: thou wilt have a desire H3700 to the work H4639 of thine hands. H3027
16 For now thou numberest H5608 my steps: H6806 dost thou not watch H8104 over my sin? H2403
17 My transgression H6588 is sealed up H2856 in a bag, H6872 and thou sewest up H2950 mine iniquity. H5771
18 And surely H199 the mountain H2022 falling H5307 cometh to nought, H5034 and the rock H6697 is removed H6275 out of his place. H4725
19 The waters H4325 wear H7833 the stones: H68 thou washest away H7857 the things which grow H5599 out of the dust H6083 of the earth; H776 and thou destroyest H6 the hope H8615 of man. H582
20 Thou prevailest H8630 for ever H5331 against him, and he passeth: H1980 thou changest H8138 his countenance, H6440 and sendest him away. H7971
21 His sons H1121 come to honour, H3513 and he knoweth H3045 it not; and they are brought low, H6819 but he perceiveth H995 it not of them.
22 But his flesh H1320 upon him shall have pain, H3510 and his soul H5315 within him shall mourn. H56
1 Man, that is born of a woman, Is of few days, and full of trouble.
2 He cometh forth like a flower, and is cut down: He fleeth also as a shadow, and continueth not.
3 And dost thou open thine eyes upon such a one, And bringest me into judgment with thee?
4 Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? not one.
5 Seeing his days are determined, The number of his months is with thee, And thou hast appointed his bounds that he cannot pass;
6 Look away from him, that he may rest, Till he shall accomplish, as a hireling, his day.
7 For there is hope of a tree, If it be cut down, that it will sprout again, And that the tender branch thereof will not cease.
8 Though the root thereof wax old in the earth, And the stock thereof die in the ground;
9 Yet through the scent of water it will bud, And put forth boughs like a plant.
10 But man dieth, and is laid low: Yea, man giveth up the ghost, and where is he?
11 `As' the waters fail from the sea, And the river wasteth and drieth up;
12 So man lieth down and riseth not: Till the heavens be no more, they shall not awake, Nor be roused out of their sleep.
13 Oh that thou wouldest hide me in Sheol, That thou wouldest keep me secret, until thy wrath be past, That thou wouldest appoint me a set time, and remember me!
14 If a man die, shall he live `again'? All the days of my warfare would I wait, Till my release should come.
15 Thou wouldest call, and I would answer thee: Thou wouldest have a desire to the work of thy hands.
16 But now thou numberest my steps: Dost thou not watch over my sin?
17 My transgression is sealed up in a bag, And thou fastenest up mine iniquity.
18 But the mountain falling cometh to nought; And the rock is removed out of its place;
19 The waters wear the stones; The overflowings thereof wash away the dust of the earth: So thou destroyest the hope of man.
20 Thou prevailest for ever against him, and he passeth; Thou changest his countenance, and sendest him away.
21 His sons come to honor, and he knoweth it not; And they are brought low, but he perceiveth it not of them.
22 But his flesh upon him hath pain, And his soul within him mourneth.
1 Man, born of woman! Of few days, and full of trouble!
2 As a flower he hath gone forth, and is cut off, And he fleeth as a shadow and standeth not.
3 Also -- on this Thou hast opened Thine eyes, And dost bring me into judgment with Thee.
4 Who giveth a clean thing out of an unclean? not one.
5 If determined are his days, The number of his months `are' with Thee, His limit Thou hast made, And he passeth not over;
6 Look away from off him that he may cease, Till he enjoy as an hireling his day.
7 For there is of a tree hope, if it be cut down, That again it doth change, That its tender branch doth not cease.
8 If its root becometh old in the earth, And its stem doth die in the dust,
9 From the fragrance of water it doth flourish, And hath made a crop as a plant.
10 And a man dieth, and becometh weak, And man expireth, and where `is' he?
11 Waters have gone away from a sea, And a river becometh waste and dry.
12 And man hath lain down, and riseth not, Till the wearing out of the heavens they awake not, Nor are roused from their sleep.
13 O that in Sheol Thou wouldst conceal me, Hide me till the turning of Thine anger, Set for me a limit, and remember me.
14 If a man dieth -- doth he revive? All days of my warfare I wait, till my change come.
15 Thou dost call, and I -- I answer Thee; To the work of Thy hands Thou hast desire.
16 But now, my steps Thou numberest, Thou dost not watch over my sin.
17 Sealed up in a bag `is' my transgression, And Thou sewest up mine iniquity.
18 And yet, a falling mountain wasteth away, And a rock is removed from its place.
19 Stones have waters worn away, Their outpourings wash away the dust of earth, And the hope of man Thou hast destroyed.
20 Thou prevailest `over' him for ever, and he goeth, He is changing his countenance, And Thou sendest him away.
21 Honoured are his sons, and he knoweth not; And they are little, and he attendeth not to them.
22 Only -- his flesh for him is pained, And his soul for him doth mourn.'
1 Man, born of woman, is of few days, and full of trouble.
2 He cometh forth like a flower, and is cut down; and he fleeth as a shadow, and continueth not.
3 Yet dost thou open thine eyes upon such a one, and bringest me into judgment with thee?
4 Who can bring a clean [man] out of the unclean? Not one!
5 If his days are determined, if the number of his months is with thee, [and] thou hast appointed his bounds which he must not pass,
6 Look away from him; and let him rest, till he accomplish, as a hireling, his day.
7 For there is hope for a tree: if it be cut down, it will sprout again, and its tender branch will not cease;
8 Though its root grow old in the earth, and its stock die in the ground,
9 Yet through the scent of water it will bud, and put forth boughs like a young plant.
10 But a man dieth, and is prostrate; yea, man expireth, and where is he?
11 The waters recede from the lake, and the river wasteth and drieth up:
12 So man lieth down, and riseth not again; till the heavens be no more, they do not awake, nor are raised out of their sleep.
13 Oh that thou wouldest hide me in Sheol, that thou wouldest keep me secret until thine anger be past, that thou wouldest appoint me a set time, and remember me, --
14 (If a man die, shall he live [again]?) all the days of my time of toil would I wait, till my change should come:
15 Thou wouldest call, and I would answer thee; thou wouldest have a desire after the work of thy hands.
16 For now thou numberest my steps: dost thou not watch over my sin?
17 My transgression is sealed up in a bag, and thou heapest up mine iniquity.
18 And indeed a mountain falling cometh to nought, and the rock is removed out of its place;
19 The waters wear the stones, the floods thereof wash away the dust of the earth; and thou destroyest the hope of man.
20 Thou prevailest for ever against him, and he passeth away; thou changest his countenance, and dismissest him.
21 His sons come to honour, and he knoweth it not; and they are brought low, and he perceiveth it not.
22 But his flesh hath pain for himself alone, and his soul mourneth for himself.
1 "Man, who is born of a woman, Is of few days, and full of trouble.
2 He comes forth like a flower, and is cut down. He also flees like a shadow, and doesn't continue.
3 Do you open your eyes on such a one, And bring me into judgment with you?
4 Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? Not one.
5 Seeing his days are determined, The number of his months is with you, And you have appointed his bounds that he can't pass;
6 Look away from him, that he may rest, Until he shall accomplish, as a hireling, his day.
7 "For there is hope for a tree, If it is cut down, that it will sprout again, That the tender branch of it will not cease.
8 Though the root of it grows old in the earth, And the stock of it dies in the ground;
9 Yet through the scent of water it will bud, And put forth boughs like a plant.
10 But man dies, and is laid low. Yes, man gives up the spirit, and where is he?
11 As the waters fail from the sea, And the river wastes and dries up,
12 So man lies down and doesn't rise; Until the heavens are no more, they shall not awake, Nor be roused out of their sleep.
13 "Oh that you would hide me in Sheol, That you would keep me secret, until your wrath is past, That you would appoint me a set time, and remember me!
14 If a man dies, shall he live again? All the days of my warfare would I wait, Until my release should come.
15 You would call, and I would answer you. You would have a desire to the work of your hands.
16 But now you number my steps. Don't you watch over my sin?
17 My disobedience is sealed up in a bag. You fasten up my iniquity.
18 "But the mountain falling comes to nothing; The rock is removed out of its place;
19 The waters wear the stones; The torrents of it wash away the dust of the earth: So you destroy the hope of man.
20 You forever prevail against him, and he passes; You change his face, and send him away.
21 His sons come to honor, and he doesn't know it; They are brought low, but he doesn't perceive it of them.
22 But his flesh on him has pain; His soul within him mourns."
1 As for man, the son of woman, his days are short and full of trouble.
2 He comes out like a flower, and is cut down: he goes in flight like a shade, and is never seen again.
3 Is it on such a one as this that your eyes are fixed, with the purpose of judging him?
4 If only a clean thing might come out of an unclean! But it is not possible.
5 If his days are ordered, and you have knowledge of the number of his months, having given him a fixed limit past which he may not go;
6 Let your eyes be turned away from him, and take your hand from him, so that he may have pleasure at the end of his day, like a servant working for payment.
7 For there is hope of a tree; if it is cut down, it will come to life again, and its branches will not come to an end.
8 Though its root may be old in the earth, and its cut-off end may be dead in the dust;
9 Still, at the smell of water, it will make buds, and put out branches like a young plant.
10 But man comes to his death and is gone: he gives up his spirit, and where is he?
11 The waters go from a pool, and a river becomes waste and dry;
12 So man goes down to his last resting-place and comes not again: till the heavens come to an end, they will not be awake or come out of their sleep.
13 If only you would keep me safe in the underworld, putting me in a secret place till your wrath is past, giving me a fixed time when I might come to your memory again!
14 If death takes a man, will he come to life again? All the days of my trouble I would be waiting, till the time came for me to be free.
15 At the sound of your voice I would give an answer, and you would have a desire for the work of your hands.
16 For now my steps are numbered by you, and my sin is not overlooked.
17 My wrongdoing is corded up in a bag, and my sin is shut up safe.
18 But truly a mountain falling comes to dust, and a rock is moved from its place;
19 The stones are crushed small by the force of the waters; the dust of the earth is washed away by their overflowing: and so you put an end to the hope of man.
20 You overcome him for ever, and he is gone; his face is changed in death, and you send him away.
21 His sons come to honour, and he has no knowledge of it; they are made low, but he is not conscious of it.
22 Only his flesh still has pain, and his soul is sad.
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible » Commentary on Job 14
Commentary on Job 14 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
CHAPTER 14
Job 14:1-22. Job Passes from His Own to the Common Misery of Mankind.
1. woman—feeble, and in the East looked down upon (Ge 2:21). Man being born of one so frail must be frail himself (Mt 11:11).
few days—(Ge 47:9; Ps 90:10). Literally, "short of days." Man is the reverse of full of days and short of trouble.
2. (Ps 90:6; see on Job 8:9).
3. open … eyes upon—Not in graciousness; but, "Dost Thou sharply fix Thine eyes upon?" (See on Job 7:20; also see on Job 1:7). Is one so frail as man worthy of such constant watching on the part of God? (Zec 12:4).
me—so frail.
thee—so almighty.
4. A plea in mitigation. The doctrine of original sin was held from the first. "Man is unclean from his birth, how then can God expect perfect cleanness from such a one and deal so severely with me?"
5. determined—(Job 7:1; Isa 10:23; Da 9:27; 11:36).
6. Turn—namely, Thine eyes from watching him so jealously (Job 14:3).
hireling—(Job 7:1).
accomplish—rather, "enjoy." That he may at least enjoy the measure of rest of the hireling who though hard worked reconciles himself to his lot by the hope of his rest and reward [Umbreit].
7. Man may the more claim a peaceful life, since, when separated from it by death, he never returns to it. This does not deny a future life, but a return to the present condition of life. Job plainly hopes for a future state (Job 14:13; Job 7:2). Still, it is but vague and trembling hope, not assurance; excepting the one bright glimpse in Job 19:25. The Gospel revelation was needed to change fears, hopes, and glimpses into clear and definite certainties.
9. scent—exhalation, which, rather than the humidity of water, causes the tree to germinate. In the antithesis to man the tree is personified, and volition is poetically ascribed to it.
like a plant—"as if newly planted" [Umbreit]; not as if trees and plants were a different species.
10. man … man—Two distinct Hebrew words are here used; Geber, a mighty man: though mighty, he dies. Adam, a man of earth: because earthly, he gives up the ghost.
wasteth—is reduced to nothing: he cannot revive in the present state, as the tree does. The cypress and pine, which when cut down do not revive, were the symbols of death among the Romans.
11. sea—that is, a lake, or pool formed from the outspreading of a river. Job lived near the Euphrates: and "sea" is applied to it (Jer 51:36; Isa 27:1). So of the Nile (Isa 19:5).
fail—utterly disappeared by drying up. The rugged channel of the once flowing water answers to the outstretched corpse ("lieth down," Job 14:12) of the once living man.
12. heavens be no more—This only implies that Job had no hope of living again in the present order of the world, not that he had no hope of life again in a new order of things. Ps 102:26 proves that early under the Old Testament the dissolution of the present earth and heavens was expected (compare Ge 8:22). Enoch before Job had implied that the "saints shall live again" (Jude 14; Heb 11:13-16). Even if, by this phrase, Job meant "never" (Ps 89:29) in his gloomier state of feelings, yet the Holy Ghost has made him unconsciously (1Pe 1:11, 12) use language expressing the truth, that the resurrection is to be preceded by the dissolution of the heavens. In Job 14:13-15 he plainly passes to brighter hopes of a world to come.
13. Job wishes to be kept hidden in the grave until God's wrath against him shall have passed away. So while God's wrath is visiting the earth for the abounding apostasy which is to precede the second coming, God's people shall be hidden against the resurrection glory (Isa 26:19-21).
set time—a decreed time (Ac 1:7).
14. shall he live?—The answer implied is, There is a hope that he shall, though not in the present order of life, as is shown by the words following. Job had denied (Job 14:10-12) that man shall live again in this present world. But hoping for a "set time," when God shall remember and raise him out of the hiding-place of the grave (Job 14:13), he declares himself willing to "wait all the days of his appointed time" of continuance in the grave, however long and hard that may be.
appointed time—literally, "warfare, hard service"; imlying the hardship of being shut out from the realms of life, light, and God for the time he shall be in the grave (Job 7:1).
change—my release, as a soldier at his post released from duty by the relieving guard (see on Job 10:17) [Umbreit and Gesenius], but elsewhere Gesenius explains it, "renovation," as of plants in spring (Job 14:7), but this does not accord so well with the metaphor in "appointed time" or "warfare."
15. namely, at the resurrection (Joh 5:28; Ps 17:15).
have a desire to—literally, "become pale with anxious desire:" the same word is translated "sore longedst after" (Ge 31:30; Ps 84:2), implying the utter unlikelihood that God would leave in oblivion the "creature of His own hands so fearfully and wonderfully made." It is objected that if Job knew of a future retribution, he would make it the leading topic in solving the problem of the permitted afflictions of the righteous. But, (1) He did not intend to exceed the limits of what was clearly revealed; the doctrine was then in a vague form only; (2) The doctrine of God's moral government in this life, even independently of the future, needed vindication.
16. Rather, "Yea, thou wilt number my steps, and wilt not (as now) jealously watch over my sin." Thenceforward, instead of severe watching for every sin of Job, God will guard him against every sin.
number … steps—that is, minutely attend to them, that they may not wander [Umbreit] (1Sa 2:9; Ps 37:23).
17. sealed up—(Job 9:7). Is shut up in eternal oblivion, that is, God thenceforth will think no more of my former sins. To cover sins is to completely forgive them (Ps 32:1; 85:2). Purses of money in the East are usually sealed.
sewest up—rather, "coverest"; akin to an Arabic word, "to color over," to forget wholly.
18. cometh to naught—literally, "fadeth"; a poetical image from a leaf (Isa 34:4). Here Job falls back into his gloomy bodings as to the grave. Instead of "and surely," translate "yet"; marking the transition from his brighter hopes. Even the solid mountain falls and crumbles away; man therefore cannot "hope" to escape decay or to live again in the present world (Job 14:19).
out of his place—so man (Ps 103:16).
19. The Hebrew order is more forcible: "Stones themselves are worn away by water."
things which grow out of—rather, "floods wash away the dust of the earth." There is a gradation from "mountains" to "rocks" (Job 14:18), then "stones," then last "dust of the earth"; thus the solid mountain at last disappears utterly.
20. prevailest—dost overpower by superior strength.
passeth—dieth.
changest countenance—the change in the visage at death. Differently (Da 5:9).
21. One striking trait is selected from the sad picture of the severance of the dead from all that passes in the world (Ec 9:5), namely, the utter separation of parents and children.
22. "Flesh" and "soul" describe the whole man. Scripture rests the hope of a future life, not on the inherent immortality of the soul, but on the restoration of the body with the soul. In the unseen world, Job in a gloomy frame anticipates, man shall be limited to the thought of his own misery. "Pain is by personification, from our feelings while alive, attributed to the flesh and soul, as if the man could feel in his body when dead. It is the dead in general, not the wicked, who are meant here."