Worthy.Bible » Parallel » Job » Chapter 36

Job 36:1-33 King James Version (KJV)

1 Elihu also proceeded, and said,

2 Suffer me a little, and I will shew thee that I have yet to speak on God's behalf.

3 I will fetch my knowledge from afar, and will ascribe righteousness to my Maker.

4 For truly my words shall not be false: he that is perfect in knowledge is with thee.

5 Behold, God is mighty, and despiseth not any: he is mighty in strength and wisdom.

6 He preserveth not the life of the wicked: but giveth right to the poor.

7 He withdraweth not his eyes from the righteous: but with kings are they on the throne; yea, he doth establish them for ever, and they are exalted.

8 And if they be bound in fetters, and be holden in cords of affliction;

9 Then he sheweth them their work, and their transgressions that they have exceeded.

10 He openeth also their ear to discipline, and commandeth that they return from iniquity.

11 If they obey and serve him, they shall spend their days in prosperity, and their years in pleasures.

12 But if they obey not, they shall perish by the sword, and they shall die without knowledge.

13 But the hypocrites in heart heap up wrath: they cry not when he bindeth them.

14 They die in youth, and their life is among the unclean.

15 He delivereth the poor in his affliction, and openeth their ears in oppression.

16 Even so would he have removed thee out of the strait into a broad place, where there is no straitness; and that which should be set on thy table should be full of fatness.

17 But thou hast fulfilled the judgment of the wicked: judgment and justice take hold on thee.

18 Because there is wrath, beware lest he take thee away with his stroke: then a great ransom cannot deliver thee.

19 Will he esteem thy riches? no, not gold, nor all the forces of strength.

20 Desire not the night, when people are cut off in their place.

21 Take heed, regard not iniquity: for this hast thou chosen rather than affliction.

22 Behold, God exalteth by his power: who teacheth like him?

23 Who hath enjoined him his way? or who can say, Thou hast wrought iniquity?

24 Remember that thou magnify his work, which men behold.

25 Every man may see it; man may behold it afar off.

26 Behold, God is great, and we know him not, neither can the number of his years be searched out.

27 For he maketh small the drops of water: they pour down rain according to the vapour thereof:

28 Which the clouds do drop and distil upon man abundantly.

29 Also can any understand the spreadings of the clouds, or the noise of his tabernacle?

30 Behold, he spreadeth his light upon it, and covereth the bottom of the sea.

31 For by them judgeth he the people; he giveth meat in abundance.

32 With clouds he covereth the light; and commandeth it not to shine by the cloud that cometh betwixt.

33 The noise thereof sheweth concerning it, the cattle also concerning the vapour.


Job 36:1-33 King James Version with Strong's Concordance (STRONG)

1 Elihu H453 also proceeded, H3254 and said, H559

2 Suffer H3803 me a little, H2191 and I will shew H2331 thee that I have yet to speak H4405 on God's H433 behalf.

3 I will fetch H5375 my knowledge H1843 from afar, H7350 and will ascribe H5414 righteousness H6664 to my Maker. H6466

4 For truly H551 my words H4405 shall not be false: H8267 he that is perfect H8549 in knowledge H1844 is with thee.

5 Behold, God H410 is mighty, H3524 and despiseth H3988 not any: he is mighty H3524 in strength H3581 and wisdom. H3820

6 He preserveth not the life H2421 of the wicked: H7563 but giveth H5414 right H4941 to the poor. H6041

7 He withdraweth H1639 not his eyes H5869 from the righteous: H6662 but with kings H4428 are they on the throne; H3678 yea, he doth establish H3427 them for ever, H5331 and they are exalted. H1361

8 And if they be bound H631 in fetters, H2131 and be holden H3920 in cords H2256 of affliction; H6040

9 Then he sheweth H5046 them their work, H6467 and their transgressions H6588 that they have exceeded. H1396

10 He openeth H1540 also their ear H241 to discipline, H4148 and commandeth H559 that they return H7725 from iniquity. H205

11 If they obey H8085 and serve H5647 him, they shall spend H3615 their days H3117 in prosperity, H2896 and their years H8141 in pleasures. H5273

12 But if they obey H8085 not, they shall perish H5674 by the sword, H7973 and they shall die H1478 without knowledge. H1847

13 But the hypocrites H2611 in heart H3820 heap up H7760 wrath: H639 they cry H7768 not when he bindeth H631 them.

14 They H5315 die H4191 in youth, H5290 and their life H2416 is among the unclean. H6945

15 He delivereth H2502 the poor H6041 in his affliction, H6040 and openeth H1540 their ears H241 in oppression. H3906

16 Even so would he have removed H5496 thee out of the strait H6310 H6862 into a broad place, H7338 where H8478 there is no straitness; H4164 and that which should be set H5183 on thy table H7979 should be full H4390 of fatness. H1880

17 But thou hast fulfilled H4390 the judgment H1779 of the wicked: H7563 judgment H1779 and justice H4941 take hold H8551 on thee.

18 Because there is wrath, H2534 beware lest he take thee away H5496 with his stroke: H5607 then a great H7230 ransom H3724 cannot deliver H5186 thee.

19 Will he esteem H6186 thy riches? H7769 no, not gold, H1222 nor all the forces H3981 of strength. H3581

20 Desire H7602 not the night, H3915 when people H5971 are cut off H5927 in their place.

21 Take heed, H8104 regard H6437 not iniquity: H205 for this hast thou chosen H977 rather than affliction. H6040

22 Behold, God H410 exalteth H7682 by his power: H3581 who teacheth H3384 like him?

23 Who hath enjoined H6485 him his way? H1870 or who can say, H559 Thou hast wrought H6466 iniquity? H5766

24 Remember H2142 that thou magnify H7679 his work, H6467 which men H582 behold. H7891

25 Every man H120 may see H2372 it; man H582 may behold H5027 it afar off. H7350

26 Behold, God H410 is great, H7689 and we know H3045 him not, neither can the number H4557 of his years H8141 be searched out. H2714

27 For he maketh small H1639 the drops H5198 of water: H4325 they pour down H2212 rain H4306 according to the vapour H108 thereof:

28 Which the clouds H7834 do drop H5140 and distil H7491 upon man H120 abundantly. H7227

29 Also can any understand H995 the spreadings H4666 of the clouds, H5645 or the noise H8663 of his tabernacle? H5521

30 Behold, he spreadeth H6566 his light H216 upon it, and covereth H3680 the bottom H8328 of the sea. H3220

31 For by them judgeth H1777 he the people; H5971 he giveth H5414 meat H400 in abundance. H4342

32 With clouds H3709 he covereth H3680 the light; H216 and commandeth H6680 it not to shine by the cloud that cometh betwixt. H6293

33 The noise H7452 thereof sheweth H5046 concerning it, the cattle H4735 also concerning the vapour. H5927


Job 36:1-33 American Standard (ASV)

1 Elihu also proceeded, and said,

2 Suffer me a little, and I will show thee; For I have yet somewhat to say on God's behalf.

3 I will fetch my knowledge from afar, And will ascribe righteousness to my Maker.

4 For truly my words are not false: One that is perfect in knowledge is with thee.

5 Behold, God is mighty, and despiseth not any: He is mighty in strength of understanding.

6 He preserveth not the life of the wicked, But giveth to the afflicted `their' right.

7 He withdraweth not his eyes from the righteous: But with kings upon the throne He setteth them for ever, and they are exalted.

8 And if they be bound in fetters, And be taken in the cords of afflictions;

9 Then he showeth them their work, And their transgressions, that they have behaved themselves proudly.

10 He openeth also their ear to instruction, And commandeth that they return from iniquity.

11 If they hearken and serve `him', They shall spend their days in prosperity, And their years in pleasures.

12 But if they hearken not, they shall perish by the sword, And they shall die without knowledge.

13 But they that are godless in heart lay up anger: They cry not for help when he bindeth them.

14 They die in youth, And their life `perisheth' among the unclean.

15 He delivereth the afflicted by their affliction, And openeth their ear in oppression.

16 Yea, he would have allured thee out of distress Into a broad place, where there is no straitness; And that which is set on thy table would be full of fatness.

17 But thou art full of the judgment of the wicked: Judgment and justice take hold `on thee'.

18 For let not wrath stir thee up against chastisements; Neither let the greatness of the ransom turn thee aside.

19 Will thy cry avail, `that thou be' not in distress, Or all the forces of `thy' strength?

20 Desire not the night, When peoples are cut off in their place.

21 Take heed, regard not iniquity: For this hast thou chosen rather than affliction.

22 Behold, God doeth loftily in his power: Who is a teacher like unto him?

23 Who hath enjoined him his way? Or who can say, Thou hast wrought unrighteousness?

24 Remember that thou magnify his work, Whereof men have sung.

25 All men have looked thereon; Man beholdeth it afar off.

26 Behold, God is great, and we know him not; The number of his years is unsearchable.

27 For he draweth up the drops of water, Which distil in rain from his vapor,

28 Which the skies pour down And drop upon man abundantly.

29 Yea, can any understand the spreadings of the clouds, The thunderings of his pavilion?

30 Behold, he spreadeth his light around him; And he covereth the bottom of the sea.

31 For by these he judgeth the peoples; He giveth food in abundance.

32 He covereth his hands with the lightning, And giveth it a charge that it strike the mark.

33 The noise thereof telleth concerning him, The cattle also concerning `the storm' that cometh up.


Job 36:1-33 Young's Literal Translation (YLT)

1 And Elihu addeth and saith: --

2 Honour me a little, and I shew thee, That yet for God `are' words.

3 I lift up my knowledge from afar, And to my Maker I ascribe righteousness.

4 For, truly, my words `are' not false, The perfect in knowledge `is' with thee.

5 Lo, God `is' mighty, and despiseth not, Mighty `in' power `and' heart.

6 He reviveth not the wicked, And the judgment of the poor appointeth;

7 He withdraweth not from the righteous His eyes, And `from' kings on the throne, And causeth them to sit for ever, and they are high,

8 And if prisoners in fetters They are captured with cords of affliction,

9 Then He declareth to them their work, And their transgressions, Because they have become mighty,

10 And He uncovereth their ear for instruction, And saith that they turn back from iniquity.

11 If they do hear and serve, They complete their days in good, And their years in pleasantness.

12 And if they do not hearken, By the dart they pass away, And expire without knowledge.

13 And the profane in heart set the face, They cry not when He hath bound them.

14 Their soul dieth in youth, And their life among the defiled.

15 He draweth out the afflicted in his affliction, And uncovereth in oppression their ear.

16 And also He moved thee from a strait place, `To' a broad place -- no straitness under it, And the sitting beyond of thy table Hath been full of fatness.

17 And the judgment of the wicked thou hast fulfilled, Judgment and justice are upheld -- because of fury,

18 Lest He move thee with a stroke, And the abundance of an atonement turn thee not aside.

19 Doth He value thy riches? He hath gold, and all the forces of power.

20 Desire not the night, For the going up of peoples in their stead.

21 Take heed -- do not turn unto iniquity, For on this thou hast fixed Rather than `on' affliction.

22 Lo, God doth sit on high by His power, Who `is' like Him -- a teacher?

23 Who hath appointed unto Him his way? And who said, `Thou hast done iniquity?'

24 Remember that thou magnify His work That men have beheld.

25 All men have looked on it, Man looketh attentively from afar.

26 Lo, God `is' high, And we know not the number of His years, Yea, there `is' no searching.

27 When He doth diminish droppings of the waters, They refine rain according to its vapour,

28 Which clouds do drop, They distil on man abundantly.

29 Yea, doth `any' understand The spreadings out of a cloud? The noises of His tabernacle?

30 Lo, He hath spread over it His light, And the roots of the sea He hath covered,

31 For by them He doth judge peoples, He giveth food in abundance.

32 By two palms He hath covered the light, And layeth a charge over it in meeting,

33 He sheweth by it `to' his friend substance, Anger against perversity.


Job 36:1-33 Darby English Bible (DARBY)

1 And Elihu proceeded and said,

2 Suffer me a little, and I will shew thee that I have yet words for +God.

3 I will fetch my knowledge from afar, and will ascribe righteousness to my Creator.

4 For truly my words shall be no falsehood: one perfect in knowledge is with thee.

5 Lo, ùGod is mighty, but despiseth not [any]; mighty in strength of understanding:

6 He saveth not the wicked alive; but he doeth justice to the afflicted.

7 He withdraweth not his eyes from the righteous, but with kings on the throne doth he even set them for ever; and they are exalted.

8 And if, bound in fetters, they be held in cords of affliction,

9 Then he sheweth them their work, and their transgressions, because they have increased.

10 And he openeth their ear to discipline, and commandeth that they return from iniquity.

11 If they hearken and serve [him], they shall accomplish their days in prosperity, and their years in pleasures.

12 But if they hearken not, they shall pass away by the sword, and expire without knowledge.

13 But the godless in heart heap up anger; they cry not when he bindeth them:

14 Their soul dieth in youth, and their life is among the unclean.

15 But he delivereth the afflicted in his affliction, and openeth their ear in [their] oppression.

16 Even so would he have allured thee out of the jaws of distress into a broad place, where there is no straitness; and the supply of thy table [would be] full of fatness.

17 But thou art full of the judgments of the wicked: judgment and justice take hold [on thee].

18 Because there is wrath, [beware] lest it take thee away through chastisement: then a great ransom could not avail thee.

19 Will he esteem thy riches? Not gold, nor all the resources of strength!

20 Desire not the night, when peoples are cut off from their place.

21 Take heed, turn not to iniquity; for this hast thou chosen rather than affliction.

22 Lo, ùGod is exalted in his power: who teacheth as he?

23 Who hath appointed him his way? or who hath said, Thou hast wrought unrighteousness?

24 Remember that thou magnify his work, which men celebrate.

25 All men look at it; man beholdeth [it] afar off.

26 Lo, ùGod is great, and we comprehend [him] not, neither can the number of his years be searched out.

27 For he draweth up the drops of water: they distil in rain from the vapour which he formeth,

28 Which the skies pour down [and] drop upon man abundantly.

29 But can any understand the spreadings of the clouds, [or] the crashing of his pavilion?

30 Lo, he spreadeth his light around him, and covereth the bottom of the sea.

31 For with them he judgeth the peoples; he giveth food in abundance.

32 [His] hands he covereth with lightning, and commandeth it where it is to strike.

33 His thundering declareth concerning him; the cattle even, concerning its coming.


Job 36:1-33 World English Bible (WEB)

1 Elihu also continued, and said,

2 "Bear with me a little, and I will show you; For I still have something to say on God's behalf.

3 I will get my knowledge from afar, And will ascribe righteousness to my Maker.

4 For truly my words are not false. One who is perfect in knowledge is with you.

5 "Behold, God is mighty, and doesn't despise anyone. He is mighty in strength of understanding.

6 He doesn't preserve the life of the wicked, But gives to the afflicted their right.

7 He doesn't withdraw his eyes from the righteous, But with kings on the throne, He sets them forever, and they are exalted.

8 If they are bound in fetters, And are taken in the cords of afflictions,

9 Then he shows them their work, And their transgressions, that they have behaved themselves proudly.

10 He also opens their ears to instruction, And commands that they return from iniquity.

11 If they listen and serve him, They shall spend their days in prosperity, And their years in pleasures.

12 But if they don't listen, they shall perish by the sword; They shall die without knowledge.

13 "But those who are godless in heart lay up anger. They don't cry for help when he binds them.

14 They die in youth. Their life perishes among the unclean.

15 He delivers the afflicted by their affliction, And opens their ear in oppression.

16 Yes, he would have allured you out of distress, Into a broad place, where there is no restriction. That which is set on your table would be full of fatness.

17 "But you are full of the judgment of the wicked. Judgment and justice take hold of you.

18 Don't let riches entice you to wrath, Neither let the great size of a bribe turn you aside.

19 Would your wealth sustain you in distress, Or all the might of your strength?

20 Don't desire the night, When people are cut off in their place.

21 Take heed, don't regard iniquity; For this you have chosen rather than affliction.

22 Behold, God is exalted in his power. Who is a teacher like him?

23 Who has prescribed his way for him? Or who can say, 'You have committed unrighteousness?'

24 "Remember that you magnify his work, Whereof men have sung.

25 All men have looked thereon. Man sees it afar off.

26 Behold, God is great, and we don't know him. The number of his years is unsearchable.

27 For he draws up the drops of water, Which distill in rain from his vapor,

28 Which the skies pour down And drop on man abundantly.

29 Yes, can any understand the spreading of the clouds, And the thunderings of his pavilion?

30 Behold, he spreads his light around him. He covers the bottom of the sea.

31 For by these he judges the people. He gives food in abundance.

32 He covers his hands with the lightning, And commands it to strike the mark.

33 The noise of it tells about him, And the cattle also concerning the storm that comes up.


Job 36:1-33 Bible in Basic English (BBE)

1 And Elihu went on to say,

2 Give me a little more time, and I will make it clear to you; for I have still something to say for God.

3 I will get my knowledge from far, and I will give righteousness to my Maker.

4 For truly my words are not false; one who has all knowledge is talking with you.

5 Truly, God gives up the hard-hearted, and will not give life to the sinner.

6 His eyes are ever on the upright, and he gives to the crushed their right;

7 Lifting them up to the seat of kings, and making them safe for ever.

8 And if they have been prisoned in chains, and taken in cords of trouble,

9 Then he makes clear to them what they have done, even their evil works in which they have taken pride.

10 Their ear is open to his teaching, and he gives them orders so that their hearts may be turned from evil.

11 If they give ear to his voice, and do his word, then he gives them long life, and years full of pleasure.

12 But if not, they come to their end, and give up their breath without knowledge.

13 Those who have no fear of God keep wrath stored up in their hearts; they give no cry for help when they are made prisoners.

14 They come to their end while they are still young, their life is short like that of those who are used for sex purposes in the worship of their gods.

15 He makes the wrong done to the poor the way of their salvation, opening their ears by their trouble.

16 ...

17 ...

18 ...

19 ...

20 ...

21 Take care not to be turned to sin, for you have taken evil for your part in place of sorrow.

22 Truly God is lifted up in strength; who is a ruler like him?

23 Who ever gave orders to him, or said to him, You have done wrong?

24 See that you give praise to his work, about which men make songs.

25 All people are looking on it; man sees it from far.

26 Truly, God is great, greater than all our knowledge; the number of his years may not be searched out.

27 For he takes up the drops from the sea; he sends them through his mist as rain,

28 Flowing down from the sky, and dropping on the peoples.

29 And who has knowledge of how the clouds are stretched out, or of the thunders of his tent?

30 See, he is stretching out his mist, covering the tops of the mountains with it.

31 For by these he gives food to the peoples, and bread in full measure.

32 He takes the light in his hands, sending it against the mark.

33 The thunder makes clear his passion, and the storm gives news of his wrath.

Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Matthew Henry Commentary » Commentary on Job 36


Chapter 36

Elihu, having largely reproved Job for some of his unadvised speeches, which Job had nothing to say in the vindication of, here comes more generally to set him to rights in his notions of God's dealings with him. His other friends had stood to it that, because he was a wicked man, therefore his afflictions were so great and so long. But Elihu only maintained that the affliction was sent for his trial, and that therefore it was lengthened out because Job was not, as yet, thoroughly humbled under it, nor had duly accommodated himself to it. He urges many reasons, taken from the wisdom and righteousness of God, his care of his people, and especially his greatness and almighty power, with which, in this and the following chapter, he persuades him to submit to the hand of God. Here we have,

  • I. His preface, (v. 2-4).
  • II. The account he gives of the methods of God's providence towards the children of men, according as they conduct themselves (v. 5-15).
  • III. The fair warning and good counsel he gives to Job thereupon (v. 16-21).
  • IV. His demonstration of God's sovereignty and omnipotence, which he gives instances of in the operations of common providence, and which is a reason why we should all submit to him in his dealings with us (v. 22-33).

This he prosecutes and enlarges upon in the following chapter.

Job 36:1-4

Once more Elihu begs the patience of the auditory, and Job's particularly, for he has not said all that he has to say, but he will not detain them long. Stand about me a little (so some read it), v. 2. "Let me have your attendance, your attention, awhile longer, and I will speak but this once, as plainly and as much to the purpose as I can.' To gain this he pleads,

  • 1. That he had a good cause, and a noble and very fruitful subject: I have yet to speak on God's behalf. He spoke as an advocate for God, and therefore might justly expect the ear of the court. Some indeed pretend to speak on God's behalf who really speak for themselves; but those who sincerely appear in the cause of God, and speak in behalf of his honour, his truths, his ways, his people, shall be sure neither to want instructions (it shall be given them in that same hour what they shall speak) nor to lose their cause or their fee. Nor need they fear lest they should exhaust their subject. Those that have spoken ever so much may yet find more to be spoken on God's behalf.
  • 2. That he had something to offer that was uncommon, and out of the road of vulgar observation: I will fetch my knowledge from afar (v. 3), that is, "we will have recourse to our first principles and the highest notions we can make use of to serve any purpose.' It is worth while to go far for this knowledge of God, to dig for it, to travel for it; it will recompense our pains, and, though far-fetched, is not dear-bought.
  • 3. That his design was undeniably honest; for all he aimed at was to ascribe righteousness to his Maker, to maintain and clear this truth, that God is righteous in all his ways. In speaking of God, and speaking for him, it is good to remember that he is our Maker, to call him so, and therefore to be ready to do him and the interests of his kingdom the best service we can. If he be our Maker, we have our all from him, must use our all for him, and be very jealous for his honour. That his management should be very just and fair (v. 4): "My words shall not be false, neither disagreeable to the thing itself nor to my own thoughts and apprehensions. It is truth that I am contending for, and that for truth's sake, with all possible sincerity and plainness.' He will make use of plain and solid arguments and not the subtleties and niceties of the schools. "He who is perfect or upright in knowledge is now reasoning with thee; and therefore let him not only have a fair hearing, but let what he says be taken in good part, as meant well.' The perfection of our knowledge in this world is to be honest and sincere in searching out truth, in applying it to ourselves, and in making use of what we know for the good of others.

Job 36:5-14

Elihu, being to speak on God's behalf, and particularly to ascribe righteousness to his Maker, here shows that the disposals of divine Providence are all, not only according to the eternal counsels of his will, but according to the eternal rules of equity. God acts as a righteous governor, for,

  • I. He does not think it below him to take notice of the meanest of his subjects, nor does poverty or obscurity set any at a distance from his favour. If men are mighty, they are apt to look with a haughty disdain upon those that are not of distinction and make no figure; but God is mighty, infinitely so, and yet he despises not any, v. 5. He humbles himself to take cognizance of the affairs of the meanest, to do them justice and to show them kindness. Job thought himself and his cause slighted because God did not immediately appear for him. "No,' says Elihu, God despises not any, which is a good reason why we should honour all men. He is mighty in strength and wisdom, and yet does not look with contempt upon those that have but a little strength and wisdom, if they but mean honestly. Nay, for this reason he despises not any, because his wisdom and strength are incontestably infinite and therefore the condescensions of his grace can be no diminution to him. Those that are wise and good will not look upon any with scorn and disdain.
  • II. He gives no countenance to the greatest, if they be bad (v. 6): He preserves not the life of the wicked. Though their life may be prolonged, yet not under any special care of the divine Providence, but only its common protection. Job had said that the wicked live, become old, and are mighty in power, ch. 21:7. "No,' says Elihu: "he seldom suffers wicked men to become old. He preserves not their life so long as they expected, nor with that comfort and satisfaction which are indeed our life; and their preservation is but a reservation for the day of wrath,' Rom. 2:5.
  • III. He is always ready to right those that are any way injured, and to plead their cause (v. 6): He gives right to the poor, avenges their quarrel upon their persecutors and forces them to make restitution of what they have robbed them of. If men will not right the injured poor, God will.
  • IV. He takes a particular care for the protection of his good subjects, v. 7. He not only looks on them, but he never looks off them: He withdraws not his eyes from the righteous. Though they may seem sometimes neglected and forgotten, and that befals them which looks like an oversight of Providence, yet tender careful eye of their heavenly Father never withdraws from them. If our eye be ever towards God in duty, his eye will be ever upon us in mercy, and, when we are at the lowest, will not overlook us.
    • 1. Sometimes he prefers good people to places of trust and honour (v. 7): With kings are they on the throne, and every sheaf is made to bow to theirs. When righteous persons are advanced to places of honour and power, it is in mercy to them; for God's grace in them will both arm them against the temptations that attend preferment and enable them to improve the opportunity it gives them of doing good. It is also in mercy to those over whom they are set: When the righteous bear rule the city rejoices. If the righteous be advanced, they are established. Those that in honour keep a good conscience stand upon sure ground, and high places are not such slippery ground to them as they are to others. But, because it is not often that we see good men made great men in this world, this may be supposed to refer to the honour to which the righteous shall rise when their Redeemer shall stand at the latter day upon the earth; for then only they shall be exalted for ever, and established for ever; then shall they all shine forth as the sun, and be made kings and priests to our God.
    • 2. If at any time he bring them into affliction, it is for the good of their souls, v. 8-10. Some good people are preferred to honour and power, but others are in trouble. Now observe,
      • (1.) The distress supposed (v. 8): If they be bound in fetters, laid in prison as Joseph was, or holden in the cords of any other affliction, confined by pain and sickness, hampered by poverty, bound in their counsels, and, notwithstanding all their struggles, held long in this distress. This was Job's case; he was caught, and kept fast, in the cords of anguish (as some read it); but observe,
      • (2.) The design God has, in bringing his people into such distresses as these; it is for the benefit of their souls, the consideration of which should reconcile us to affliction and make us think well of it. Three things God intends when he afflicts us:
        • [1.] To discover past sins to us, and to bring them to our remembrance. Then he shows them that amiss in them which before they did not see. He discovers to them the fact of sin: He shows them their work. Sin is our own work. If there be any good in us, it is God's work; and we are concerned to see what work we have made by sin. He discovers the fault of sin, shows them their transgressions of the law of God, and withal the sinfulness of sin, that they have exceeded, and have been beyond measure sinful. True penitents lay a load upon themselves, do not extenuate, but aggravate, their sins, and own that they have exceeded in them. Affliction sometimes answers to the sin; it serves, however, to awaken the conscience and puts men upon considering.
        • [2.] To dispose our hearts to receive present instructions: Then he opens their ear to discipline, v. 10. Whom God chastens he teaches (Ps. 94:12), and the affliction makes people willing to learn, softens the wax, that it may receive the impression of the seal; yet it does not do this of itself, but the grace of God working with and by it; it is he that opens the ear, that opens the heart, who has the key of David.
        • [3.] To deter and draw us off from iniquity for the future. This is the errand on which the affliction is sent; it is a command to return from iniquity, to have no more to do with sin, to turn from it with an aversion to it and a resolution never to return to it any more, Hos. 14:8.
    • 3. If the affliction do its work, and accomplish that for which it is sent, he will comfort them again, according to the time that he has afflicted them (v. 11): If they obey and serve him,-if they comply with his design and serve his purpose in these dispensations,-if, when the affliction is removed, they continue in the same good mind that they were in when they were under the smart of it and perform the vows they made then,-if they live in obedience to God's commands, particularly those which relate to his service and worship, and in all instances make conscience of their duty to him,-then they shall spend their days in prosperity again and their years in true pleasures. Piety is the only sure way to prosperity and pleasure; this is a certain truth, and yet few will believe it. If we faithfully serve God,
      • (1.) We have the promise of outward prosperity, the promise of the life that now is, and the comforts of it, as far as is for God's glory and our good; and who would desire them any further?
      • (2.) We have the possession of inward pleasures, the comfort of communion with God and a good conscience, and that great peace which those have that love God's law. If we rejoice not in the Lord always, and in hope of eternal life, it is our own fault; and what better pleasures can we spend our years in?
    • 4. If the affliction do not do its work, let them expect the furnace to be heated seven times hotter till they are consumed (v. 12): If they obey not, if they are not bettered by their afflictions, are not reclaimed and reformed, they shall perish by the sword of God's wrath. Those whom his rod does not cure his sword will kill; and the consuming fire will prevail if the refining fire do not; for when God judges he will overcome. If Ahaz, in his distress, trespass yet more against the Lord, this is that king Ahaz that is marked for ruin, 2 Chr. 28:22; Jer. 6:29, 30. God would have instructed them by their afflictions, but they received not instruction, would not take the hints that were given them; and therefore they shall die without knowledge, ere they are aware, without any further previous notices given them; or they shall die because they were without knowledge notwithstanding the means of knowledge which they were blessed with. Those that die without knowledge die without grace and are undone for ever.
  • V. He brings ruin upon hypocrites, the secret enemies of his kingdom (such as Elihu described, v. 12), who, though they were numbered among the righteous whom Elihu had spoken of before, yet did not obey God, but, being children of disobedience and darkness, become children of wrath and perdition; these are the hypocrites in heart, who heap up wrath, v. 13. See the nature of hypocrisy: it lies in the heart, which is for the world and the flesh when the outside seems to be for God and religion. Many that are saints in show and saints in word are hypocrites in heart. That spring is corrupt, and there is an evil treasure there. See the mischievousness of hypocrisy: hypocrites heap up wrath. They are doing that every day which is provoking to God, and will be reckoned with for it all together in the great day. They treasure up wrath against the day of wrath, Rom. 2:5. Their sins are laid up in store with God among his treasures, Deu. 32:34. Compare Jam. 5:3. As what goes up a vapour comes down a shower, so what goes up sin, if not repented of, will come down wrath. They think they are heaping up wealth, heaping up merits, but, when the treasures are opened, it will prove they were heaping up wrath. Observe,
    • 1. What they do to heap up wrath. What is it that is so provoking? It is this, They cry not when he binds them, that is, when they are in affliction, bound with the cords of trouble, their hearts are hardened, they are stubborn and unhumbled, and will not cry to God nor make their application to him. They are stupid and senseless as stocks and stones, despising the chastening of the Lord.
    • 2. What are the effects of that wrath? They die in youth, and their life is among the unclean, v. 14. This is the portion of hypocrites, whom Christ denounced many woes against. If they continue impenitent,
      • (1.) They shall die a sudden death, die in youth, when death is most a surprise, and death (that is, the consequence of it) is always such to hypocrites; as those that die in youth die when they hoped to live, so hypocrites, at death, go to hell, when they hoped to go to heaven. When a wicked man dies his expectations shall perish.
      • (2.) They shall die the second death. Their life, after death (for so it comes in here), is among the unclean, among the fornicators (so some), among the worst and vilest of sinners, notwithstanding their specious and plausible profession. It is among the Sodomites (so the margin), those filthy wretches, who going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire, Jude 7. The souls of the wicked live after death, but they live among the unclean, the unclean spirits, the devil and his angels, forever separated from the new Jerusalem, into which no unclean thing shall enter.

Job 36:15-23

Elihu here comes more closely to Job; and,

  • I. He tells him what God would have done for him before this if he had been duly humbled under his affliction. "We all know how ready God is to deliver the poor in his affliction (v. 15); he always was so. The poor in spirit, those that are of a broken and contrite heart, he looks upon with tenderness, and, when they are in affliction, is ready to help them. He opens their ears, and makes them to hear joy and gladness, even in their oppressions; while he does not yet deliver them he speaks to them good words and comfortable words, for the encouragement of their faith and patience, the silencing of their fears, and the balancing of their griefs; and even so (v. 16) would he have done to thee if thou hadst submitted to his providence and conducted thyself well; he would have delivered and comforted thee, and we should have had none of these complaints. If thou hadst accommodated thyself to the will of God, thy liberty and plenty would have been restored to thee with advantage.'
    • 1. "Thou wouldst have been enlarged, and not confined thus by thy sickness and disgrace: He would have removed thee into a broad place where is no straitness, and thou wouldst no longer have been cramped thus and have had all thy measures broken.'
    • 2. "Thou wouldst have been enriched, and wouldst not have been left in this poor condition; thou wouldst have had thy table richly spread, not only with food convenient, but with the finest of the wheat' (see Deu. 32:14) "and the fattest of the flesh.' Note, It ought to silence us under our afflictions to consider that, if we were better, it would be every way better with us: if we had answered the ends of an affliction, the affliction would be removed; and deliverance would come if we were ready for it. God would have done well for us if we had conducted ourselves well; Ps. 81:13, 14; Isa. 48:18.
  • II. He charges him with standing in his own light, and makes him the cause of the continuance of his own trouble (v. 17): "But thou hast fulfilled the judgment of the wicked,' that is, "Whatever thou art really, in this thing thou hast conducted thyself like a wicked man, hast spoken and done like the wicked, hast gratified them and served their cause; and therefore judgment and justice take hold on thee as a wicked man, because thou goest in company with them, actest as if thou wert in their interest, aiding and abetting. Thou hast maintained the cause of the wicked; and such as a man's cause is such will the judgment of God be upon him;' so bishop Patrick. It is dangerous being on the wrong side: accessaries to treason will be dealt with as principals.
  • III. He cautions him not to persist in his frowardness. Several good cautions he gives him to this purport.
    • 1. Let him not make light of divine vengeance, nor be secure, as if he were in no danger of it (v. 18): "Because there is wrath' (that is, "because God is a righteous governor, who resents all the affronts given to his government, because he has revealed his wrath from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, and because thou hast reason to fear that thou art under God's displeasure) therefore beware lest he take thee away suddenly with his stroke, and be so wise as to make thy peace with him quickly and get his anger turned away from thee.' A warning to this purport Job had given his friends (ch. 19:29): Be you afraid of the sword, for wrath brings the punishment of the sword. Thus contenders are apt, with too much boldness, to bind one another over to the judgment of God and threaten one another with his wrath; but he that keeps a good conscience needs not fear the impotent menaces of proud men. But his was a friendly caution to Job, and necessary. Even good men have need to be kept to their duty by the fear of God's wrath. "Thou art a wise and good man, but beware lest he take thee away, for the wisest and best have enough in them to deserve his stroke.'
    • 2. Let him not promise himself that, if God's wrath should kindle against him, he could find out ways to escape the strokes of it.
      • (1.) There is no escaping by money, no purchasing a pardon with silver, or gold, and such corruptible things: "Even a great ransom cannot deliver thee when God enters into judgment with thee. His justice cannot be bribed, nor any of the ministers of his justice. Will he esteem thy riches, and take from them a commutation of the punishment? No, not gold, v. 19. If thou hadst as much wealth as ever thou hadst, that would not ease thee, would not secure thee from the strokes of God's wrath, in the day of the revelation of which riches profit not,' Prov. 11:4. See Ps. 49:7, 8.
      • (2.) There is no escaping by rescue: "If all the forces of strength were at thy command, if thou couldst muster ever so many servants and vassals to appear for thee to force thee out of the hands of divine vengeance, it were all in vain; God would not regard it. There is none that can deliver out of his hand.'
      • (3.) There is no escaping by absconding (v. 20): "Desire not the night, which often favours the retreat of a conquered army and covers it; think not that thou canst so escape the righteous judgment of God, for the darkness hideth not from him,' Ps. 139:11, 12. See ch. 34:22. "Think not, because in the night people retire to their place, go up to their beds, and it is then easy to escape being discovered by them, that God also ascends to his place, and cannot see thee. No; he neither slumbers nor sleeps. His eyes are open upon the children of men, not only in all places, but at all times. No rocks nor mountains can shelter us from his eye.' Some understand it of the night of death; that is the night by which men are cut off from their place, and Job had earnestly breathed for that night, as the hireling desires the evening, ch. 7:2. "But do not do so,' says Elihu; "for thou knowest not what the night of death is.' Those that passionately wish for death, in hopes to make that their shelter from God's wrath, may perhaps be mistaken. There are those whom wrath pursues into that night.
    • 3. Let him not continue his unjust quarrel with God and his providence, which hitherto he had persisted in when he should have submitted to the affliction (v. 21): "Take heed, look well to thy own spirit, and regard not iniquity, return not to it (so some), for it is at thy peril if thou do.' Let us never dare to think a favourable thought of sin, never indulge it, nor allow ourselves in it. Elihu thinks Job had need of this caution, he having chosen iniquity rather than affliction, that is, having chosen rather to gratify his own pride and humour in contending with God than to mortify it by a submission to him and accepting the punishment. We may take it more generally, and observe that those who choose iniquity rather than affliction make a very foolish choice. Those that ease their cares by sinful pleasures, increase their wealth by sinful pursuits, escape their troubles by sinful projects, and evade sufferings for righteousness' sake by sinful compliances against their consciences, make a choice they will repent of; for there is more evil in the least sin than in the greatest affliction. It is an evil, and only evil.
    • 4. Let him not dare to prescribe to God, nor give him his measures (v. 22, 23): "Behold, God exalteth by his power,' that is, "He does, may, and can set up and pull down whom he pleases, and therefore it is not for thee nor me to contend with him.' The more we magnify God the more do we humble and abase ourselves. Now consider,
      • (1.) That God is an absolute sovereign: He exalts by his own power, and not by strength derived from any other. He exalts whom he pleases, exalts those that were afflicted and cast down, by the strength and power which he gives his people; and therefore who has enjoined him his way? Who presides above him in his way? Is there any superior from whom he has his commission and to whom he is accountable? No; he himself is supreme and independent. Who puts him in mind of his way? so some. Does the eternal Mind need a remembrancer? No; his own way, as well as ours, is ever before him. He has not received orders or instructions from any (Isa. 60:13, 14), nor is he accountable to any. He enjoins to all the creatures their way; let not us then enjoin him his, but leave it to him to govern the world, who is fit to do it.
      • (2.) That he is an incomparable teacher: Who teaches like him? It is absurd for us to teach him who is himself the fountain of light, truth, knowledge, and instruction. He that teaches man knowledge, and so as none else can, shall not he know? Ps. 94:9, 10. Shall we light a candle to the sun? Observe, When Elihu would give glory to God as a ruler he praises him as a teacher, for rulers must teach. God does so. He binds with the cords of a man. In this, as in other things, he is unequalled. None so fit to direct his own actions as he himself is. He knows what he has to do, and how to do it for the best, and needs no information nor advice. Solomon himself had a privy-council to advise him, but the King of kings has none. Nor is any so fit to direct our actions as he is. None teaches with such authority and convincing evidence, with such condescension and compassion, nor with such power and efficacy, as God does. He teaches by the Bible, and that is the best book, teaches by his Son, and he is the best Master.
      • (3.) That he is unexceptionably just in all his proceedings: Who can say, Thou hast wrought iniquity? Not, Who dares say it? (many do iniquity, and those who tell them of it do so at their peril), but Who can say it? Who has any cause to say it? Who can say it and prove it? It is a maxim undoubtedly true, without limitation, that the King of kings can do no wrong.

Job 36:24-33

Elihu is here endeavouring to possess Job with great and high thoughts of God, and so to persuade him into a cheerful submission to his providence.

  • I. He represents the work of God, in general, as illustrious and conspicuous, v. 24. His whole work is so. God does nothing mean. This is a good reason why we should acquiesce in all the operations of his providence concerning us in particular. His visible works, those of nature, and which concern the world in general, are such as we admire and commend, and in which we observe the Creator's wisdom, power, and goodness; shall we then find fault with his dispensations concerning us, and the counsels of his will concerning our affairs? We are here called to consider the work of God, Eccl. 7:13.
    • 1. It is plain before our eyes, nothing more obvious: it is what men behold. Every man that has but half an eye may see it, may behold it afar off. Look which way we will, we see the productions of God's wisdom and power; we see that done, and that doing, concerning which we cannot but say, This is the work of God, the finger of God; it is the Lord's doing. Every man may see, afar off, the heaven and all its lights, the earth and all its fruits, to be the work of Omnipotence; much more when we behold them nigh at hand. Look at the minutest works of nature through a microscope; do they not appear curious? The eternal power and godhead of the Creator are clearly seen and understood by the things that are made, Rom. 1:20. Every man, even those that have not the benefit of divine revelation, may see this; for there is no speech or language where the voice of these natural constant preachers is not heard, Ps. 19:3.
    • 2. It ought to be marvellous in our eyes. The beauty and excellency of the work of God, and the agreement of all the parts of it, are what we must remember to magnify and highly to extol, not only justify it as right and good, and what cannot be blamed, but magnify it as wise and glorious, and such as no creature could contrive or produce. Man may see his works, and is capable of discerning his hand in them (which the beasts are not), and therefore ought to praise them and give him the glory of them.
  • II. He represents God, the author of them, as infinite and unsearchable, v. 26. The streams of being, power, and perfection should lead us to the fountain. God is great, infinitely so,-great in power, for he is omnipotent and independent,-great in wealth, for he is self-sufficient and all-sufficient,-great in himself,-great in all his works,-great, and therefore greatly to be praised,-great, and therefore we know him not. We know that he is, but not what he is. We know what he is not, but not what he is. We know in part, but not in perfection. This comes in here as a reason why we must not arraign his proceedings, nor find fault with what he does, because it is speaking evil of the things that we understand not and answering a matter before we hear if. We know not the duration of his existence, for it is infinite. The number of his years cannot possibly be searched out, for he is eternal; there is no number of them. He is a Being without beginning, succession, or period, who ever was, and ever will be, and ever the same, the great I AM. This is a good reason why we should not prescribe to him, nor quarrel with him, because, as he is, such are his operations, quite out of our reach.
  • III. He gives some instances of God's wisdom, power, and sovereign dominion, in the works of nature and the dispensations of common providence, beginning in this chapter with the clouds and the rain that descends from them. We need not be critical in examining either the phrase or the philosophy of this noble discourse. The general scope of it is to show that God is infinitely great, and the Lord of all, the first cause and supreme director of all the creatures, and has all power in heaven and earth (whom therefore we ought, with all humility and reverence, to adore, to speak well of, and to give honour to), and that it is presumption for us to prescribe to him the rules and methods of his special providence towards the children of men, or to expect from him an account of them, when the operations even of common providences about the meteors are so various and so mysterious and unaccountable. Elihu, to affect Job with God's sublimity and sovereignty, had directed him (ch. 35:5) to look unto the clouds. In these verses he shows us what we may observe in the clouds we see which will lead us to consider the glorious perfections of their Creator. Consider the clouds,
    • 1. As springs to this lower world, the source and treasure of its moisture, and the great bank through which it circulates-a very necessary provision, for its stagnation would be as hurtful to this lower world as that of the blood to the body of man. It is worth while to observe in this common occurrence,
      • (1.) That the clouds above distil upon the earth below. If the heavens become brass, the earth becomes iron; therefore thus the promise of plenty runs, I will hear the heavens and they shall hear the earth. This intimates to us that every good gift is from above, from him who is both Father of lights and Father of the rain, and it instructs us to direct our prayers to him and to look up.
      • (2.) That they are here said to distil upon man (v. 28); for, though indeed God causes it to rain in the wilderness where no man is (ch. 38:26, Ps. 104:11), yet special respect is had to man herein, to whom the inferior creatures are all made serviceable and from whom the actual return of the tribute of praise is required. Among men, he causes his rain to fall upon the just and upon the unjust, Mt. 5:45.
      • (3.) They are said to distil the water in small drops, not in spouts, as when the windows of heaven were opened, Gen. 7:11. God waters the earth with that with which he once drowned it, only dispensing it in another manner, to let us know how much we lie at his mercy, and how kind he is, in giving rain by drops, that the benefit of it may be the further and the more equally diffused, as by an artificial water-pot.
      • (4.) Though sometimes the rain comes in very small drops, yet, at other times, it pours down in great rain, and this difference between one shower and another must be resolved into the divine Providence which orders it so.
      • (5.) Though it comes down in drops, yet it distils upon man abundantly (v. 28), and therefore is called the river of God which is full of water, Ps. 65:9.
      • (6.) The clouds pour down according to the vapour that they draw up, v. 27. So just the heavens are to the earth, but the earth is not so in the return it makes.
      • (7.) The produce of the clouds is sometimes a great terror, and at other times a great favour, to the earth, v. 31. When he pleases by them he judges the people he is angry with. Storms, and tempests, and excessive rains, destroying the fruits of the earth and causing inundations, come from the clouds; but, on the other hand, from them, usually, he gives meat in abundance; they drop fatness upon the pastures that are clothed with flocks, and the valleys that are covered with corn, Ps. 65:11-13.
      • (8.) Notice is sometimes given of the approach of rain, v. 33. The noise thereof, among other things, shows concerning it. Hence we read (1 Ki. 18:41) of the sound of abundance of rain, or (as it is in the margin) a sound of a noise of rain, before it came; and a welcome harbinger it was then. As the noise, so the face of the sky, shows concerning it, Lu. 12:56. The cattle also, by a strange instinct, are apprehensive of a change in the weather nigh at hand, and seek for shelter, shaming man, who will not foresee the evil and hide himself.
    • 2. As shadows to the upper world (v. 29): Can any understand the spreading of the clouds? They are spread over the earth as a curtain or canopy; how they come to be so, how stretched out, and how poised, as they are, we cannot understand, though we daily see they are so. Shall we then pretend to understand the reasons and methods of God's judicial proceedings with the children of men, whose characters and cases are so various, when we cannot account for the spreadings of the clouds, which cover the light? v. 32. It is a cloud coming betwixt, v. 32; ch. 26:9. And this we are sensible of, that, by the interposition of the clouds between us and the sun, we are,
      • (1.) Sometimes favoured; for they serve as an umbrella to shelter us from the violent heat of the sun, which otherwise would beat upon us. A cloud of dew in the heat of harvest is spoken of as a very great refreshment. Isa. 18:4.
      • (2.) Sometimes we are by them frowned upon; for they darken the earth at noon-day and eclipse the light of the sun. Sin is compared to a cloud (Isa. 44:22), because it comes between us and the light of God's countenance and obstructs the shining of it. But though the clouds darken the sun for a time, and pour down rain, yet (post nubila Phoebus-the sun shines forth after the rain), after he has wearied the cloud, he spreads his light upon it, v. 30. There is a clear shining after rain, 2 Sa. 23:4. The sunbeams are darted forth, and reach to cover even the bottom of the sea, thence to exhale a fresh supply of vapours, and so raise recruits for the clouds, v. 30. In all this, we must remember to magnify the work of God.