1 O give thanks unto the LORD; call upon his name: make known his deeds among the people.
2 Sing unto him, sing psalms unto him: talk ye of all his wondrous works.
3 Glory ye in his holy name: let the heart of them rejoice that seek the LORD.
4 Seek the LORD, and his strength: seek his face evermore.
5 Remember his marvellous works that he hath done; his wonders, and the judgments of his mouth;
6 O ye seed of Abraham his servant, ye children of Jacob his chosen.
7 He is the LORD our God: his judgments are in all the earth.
8 He hath remembered his covenant for ever, the word which he commanded to a thousand generations.
9 Which covenant he made with Abraham, and his oath unto Isaac;
10 And confirmed the same unto Jacob for a law, and to Israel for an everlasting covenant:
11 Saying, Unto thee will I give the land of Canaan, the lot of your inheritance:
12 When they were but a few men in number; yea, very few, and strangers in it.
13 When they went from one nation to another, from one kingdom to another people;
14 He suffered no man to do them wrong: yea, he reproved kings for their sakes;
15 Saying, Touch not mine anointed, and do my prophets no harm.
16 Moreover he called for a famine upon the land: he brake the whole staff of bread.
17 He sent a man before them, even Joseph, who was sold for a servant:
18 Whose feet they hurt with fetters: he was laid in iron:
19 Until the time that his word came: the word of the LORD tried him.
20 The king sent and loosed him; even the ruler of the people, and let him go free.
21 He made him lord of his house, and ruler of all his substance:
22 To bind his princes at his pleasure; and teach his senators wisdom.
23 Israel also came into Egypt; and Jacob sojourned in the land of Ham.
24 And he increased his people greatly; and made them stronger than their enemies.
25 He turned their heart to hate his people, to deal subtilly with his servants.
26 He sent Moses his servant; and Aaron whom he had chosen.
27 They shewed his signs among them, and wonders in the land of Ham.
28 He sent darkness, and made it dark; and they rebelled not against his word.
29 He turned their waters into blood, and slew their fish.
30 Their land brought forth frogs in abundance, in the chambers of their kings.
31 He spake, and there came divers sorts of flies, and lice in all their coasts.
32 He gave them hail for rain, and flaming fire in their land.
33 He smote their vines also and their fig trees; and brake the trees of their coasts.
34 He spake, and the locusts came, and caterpillers, and that without number,
35 And did eat up all the herbs in their land, and devoured the fruit of their ground.
36 He smote also all the firstborn in their land, the chief of all their strength.
37 He brought them forth also with silver and gold: and there was not one feeble person among their tribes.
38 Egypt was glad when they departed: for the fear of them fell upon them.
39 He spread a cloud for a covering; and fire to give light in the night.
40 The people asked, and he brought quails, and satisfied them with the bread of heaven.
41 He opened the rock, and the waters gushed out; they ran in the dry places like a river.
42 For he remembered his holy promise, and Abraham his servant.
43 And he brought forth his people with joy, and his chosen with gladness:
44 And gave them the lands of the heathen: and they inherited the labour of the people;
45 That they might observe his statutes, and keep his laws. Praise ye the LORD.
1 O give thanks H3034 unto the LORD; H3068 call H7121 upon his name: H8034 make known H3045 his deeds H5949 among the people. H5971
2 Sing H7891 unto him, sing psalms H2167 unto him: talk H7878 ye of all his wondrous works. H6381
3 Glory H1984 ye in his holy H6944 name: H8034 let the heart H3820 of them rejoice H8055 that seek H1245 the LORD. H3068
4 Seek H1875 the LORD, H3068 and his strength: H5797 seek H1245 his face H6440 evermore. H8548
5 Remember H2142 his marvellous works H6381 that he hath done; H6213 his wonders, H4159 and the judgments H4941 of his mouth; H6310
6 O ye seed H2233 of Abraham H85 his servant, H5650 ye children H1121 of Jacob H3290 his chosen. H972
7 He is the LORD H3068 our God: H430 his judgments H4941 are in all the earth. H776
8 He hath remembered H2142 his covenant H1285 for ever, H5769 the word H1697 which he commanded H6680 to a thousand H505 generations. H1755
9 Which covenant he made H3772 with Abraham, H85 and his oath H7621 unto Isaac; H3446
10 And confirmed H5975 the same unto Jacob H3290 for a law, H2706 and to Israel H3478 for an everlasting H5769 covenant: H1285
11 Saying, H559 Unto thee will I give H5414 the land H776 of Canaan, H3667 the lot H2256 of your inheritance: H5159
12 When they were but a few men H4962 in number; H4557 yea, very few, H4592 and strangers H1481 in it.
13 When they went H1980 from one nation H1471 to another, from one kingdom H4467 to another H312 people; H5971
14 He suffered H3240 no man H120 to do them wrong: H6231 yea, he reproved H3198 kings H4428 for their sakes;
15 Saying, Touch H5060 not mine anointed, H4899 and do my prophets H5030 no harm. H7489
16 Moreover he called H7121 for a famine H7458 upon the land: H776 he brake H7665 the whole staff H4294 of bread. H3899
17 He sent H7971 a man H376 before H6440 them, even Joseph, H3130 who was sold H4376 for a servant: H5650
18 Whose feet H7272 they hurt H6031 with fetters: H3525 he H5315 was laid H935 in iron: H1270
19 Until the time H6256 that his word H1697 came: H935 the word H565 of the LORD H3068 tried H6884 him.
20 The king H4428 sent H7971 and loosed H5425 him; even the ruler H4910 of the people, H5971 and let him go free. H6605
21 He made H7760 him lord H113 of his house, H1004 and ruler H4910 of all his substance: H7075
22 To bind H631 his princes H8269 at his pleasure; H5315 and teach his senators H2205 wisdom. H2449
23 Israel H3478 also came H935 into Egypt; H4714 and Jacob H3290 sojourned H1481 in the land H776 of Ham. H2526
24 And he increased H6509 his people H5971 greatly; H3966 and made them stronger H6105 than their enemies. H6862
25 He turned H2015 their heart H3820 to hate H8130 his people, H5971 to deal subtilly H5230 with his servants. H5650
26 He sent H7971 Moses H4872 his servant; H5650 and Aaron H175 whom he had chosen. H977
27 They shewed H7760 his signs H226 H1697 among them, and wonders H4159 in the land H776 of Ham. H2526
28 He sent H7971 darkness, H2822 and made it dark; H2821 and they rebelled H4784 not against his word. H1697
29 He turned H2015 their waters H4325 into blood, H1818 and slew H4191 their fish. H1710
30 Their land H776 brought forth H8317 frogs H6854 in abundance, H8317 in the chambers H2315 of their kings. H4428
31 He spake, H559 and there came H935 divers sorts of flies, H6157 and lice H3654 in all their coasts. H1366
32 He gave H5414 them hail H1259 for rain, H1653 and flaming H3852 fire H784 in their land. H776
33 He smote H5221 their vines H1612 also and their fig trees; H8384 and brake H7665 the trees H6086 of their coasts. H1366
34 He spake, H559 and the locusts H697 came, H935 and caterpillers, H3218 and that without number, H4557
35 And did eat up H398 all the herbs H6212 in their land, H776 and devoured H398 the fruit H6529 of their ground. H127
36 He smote H5221 also all the firstborn H1060 in their land, H776 the chief H7225 of all their strength. H202
37 He brought them forth H3318 also with silver H3701 and gold: H2091 and there was not one feeble H3782 person among their tribes. H7626
38 Egypt H4714 was glad H8055 when they departed: H3318 for the fear H6343 of them fell H5307 upon them.
39 He spread H6566 a cloud H6051 for a covering; H4539 and fire H784 to give light H215 in the night. H3915
40 The people asked, H7592 and he brought H935 quails, H7958 and satisfied H7646 them with the bread H3899 of heaven. H8064
41 He opened H6605 the rock, H6697 and the waters H4325 gushed out; H2100 they ran H1980 in the dry places H6723 like a river. H5104
42 For he remembered H2142 his holy H6944 promise, H1697 and Abraham H85 his servant. H5650
43 And he brought forth H3318 his people H5971 with joy, H8342 and his chosen H972 with gladness: H7440
44 And gave H5414 them the lands H776 of the heathen: H1471 and they inherited H3423 the labour H5999 of the people; H3816
45 That they might observe H8104 his statutes, H2706 and keep H5341 his laws. H8451 Praise H1984 ye the LORD. H3050
1 Oh give thanks unto Jehovah, call upon his name; Make known among the peoples his doings.
2 Sing unto him, sing praises unto him; Talk ye of all his marvelous works.
3 Glory ye in his holy name: Let the heart of them rejoice that seek Jehovah.
4 Seek ye Jehovah and his strength; Seek his face evermore.
5 Remember his marvellous works that he hath done, His wonders, and the judgments of his mouth,
6 O ye seed of Abraham his servant, Ye children of Jacob, his chosen ones.
7 He is Jehovah our God: His judgments are in all the earth.
8 He hath remembered his covenant for ever, The word which he commanded to a thousand generations,
9 `The covenant' which he made with Abraham, And his oath unto Isaac,
10 And confirmed the same unto Jacob for a statute, To Israel for an everlasting covenant,
11 Saying, Unto thee will I give the land of Canaan, The lot of your inheritance;
12 When they were but a few men in number, Yea, very few, and sojourners in it.
13 And they went about from nation to nation, From one kingdom to another people.
14 He suffered no man to do them wrong; Yea, he reproved kings for their sakes,
15 `Saying', Touch not mine anointed ones, And do my prophets no harm.
16 And he called for a famine upon the land; He brake the whole staff of bread.
17 He sent a man before them; Joseph was sold for a servant:
18 His feet they hurt with fetters: He was laid in `chains of' iron,
19 Until the time that his word came to pass, The word of Jehovah tried him.
20 The king sent and loosed him; Even the ruler of peoples, and let him go free.
21 He made him lord of his house, And ruler of all his substance;
22 To bind his princes at his pleasure, And teach his elders wisdom.
23 Israel also came into Egypt; And Jacob sojourned in the land of Ham.
24 And he increased his people greatly, And made them stronger than their adversaries.
25 He turned their heart to hate his people, To deal subtly with his servants.
26 He sent Moses his servant, `And' Aaron whom he had chosen.
27 They set among them his signs, And wonders in the land of Ham.
28 He sent darkness, and made it dark; And they rebelled not against his words.
29 He turned their waters into blood, And slew their fish.
30 Their land swarmed with frogs In the chambers of their kings.
31 He spake, and there came swarms of flies, And lice in all their borders.
32 He gave them hail for rain, `And' flaming fire in their land.
33 He smote their vines also and their fig-trees, And brake the trees of their borders.
34 He spake, and the locust came, And the grasshopper, and that without number,
35 And did eat up every herb in their land, And did eat up the fruit of their ground.
36 He smote also all the first-born in their land, The chief of all their strength.
37 And he brought them forth with silver and gold; And there was not one feeble person among his tribes.
38 Egypt was glad when they departed; For the fear of them had fallen upon them.
39 He spread a cloud for a covering, And fire to give light in the night.
40 They asked, and he brought quails, And satisfied them with the bread of heaven.
41 He opened the rock, and waters gushed out; They ran in the dry places `like' a river.
42 For he remembered his holy word, `And' Abraham his servant.
43 And he brought forth his people with joy, `And' his chosen with singing.
44 And he gave them the lands of the nations; And they took the labor of the peoples in possession:
45 That they might keep his statutes, And observe his laws. Praise ye Jehovah.
1 Give ye thanks to Jehovah -- call ye in His name, Make known among the peoples His acts.
2 Sing ye to Him -- sing praise to Him, Meditate ye on all His wonders.
3 Boast yourselves in His Holy Name, The heart of those seeking Jehovah rejoiceth.
4 Seek ye Jehovah and His strength, Seek ye His face continually.
5 Remember His wonders that He did, His signs and the judgments of His mouth.
6 O seed of Abraham, His servant, O sons of Jacob, His chosen ones.
7 He `is' Jehovah our God, In all the earth `are' His judgments.
8 He hath remembered to the age His covenant, The word He commanded to a thousand generations,
9 That He hath made with Abraham, And His oath to Isaac,
10 And doth establish it to Jacob for a statute, To Israel -- a covenant age-during,
11 Saying, `To thee I give the land of Canaan, The portion of your inheritance,'
12 In their being few in number, But a few, and sojourners in it.
13 And they go up and down, from nation unto nation, From a kingdom unto another people.
14 He hath not suffered any to oppress them And He reproveth for their sakes kings.
15 `Strike not against Mine anointed, And to My prophets do not evil.'
16 And He calleth a famine on the land, The whole staff of bread He hath broken.
17 He hath sent before them a man, For a servant hath Joseph been sold.
18 They have afflicted with fetters his feet, Iron hath entered his soul,
19 Till the time of the coming of His word The saying of Jehovah hath tried him.
20 The king hath sent, and looseth him, The ruler of the peoples, and draweth him out.
21 He hath made him lord of his house, And ruler over all his possessions.
22 To bind his chiefs at his pleasure, And his elders he maketh wise.
23 And Israel cometh in to Egypt, And Jacob hath sojourned in the land of Ham.
24 And He maketh His people very fruitful, And maketh it mightier than its adversaries.
25 He turned their heart to hate His people, To conspire against His servants.
26 He hath sent Moses His servant, Aaron whom He had fixed on.
27 They have set among them the matters of His signs, And wonders in the land of Ham.
28 He hath sent darkness, and it is dark, And they have not provoked His word.
29 He hath turned their waters to blood, And putteth to death their fish.
30 Teemed hath their land `with' frogs, In the inner chambers of their kings.
31 He hath said, and the beetle cometh, Lice into all their border.
32 He hath made their showers hail, A flaming fire `is' in their land.
33 And He smiteth their vine and their fig, And shivereth the trees of their border.
34 He hath said, and the locust cometh, And the cankerworm -- innumerable,
35 And it consumeth every herb in their land, And it consumeth the fruit of their ground.
36 And He smiteth every first-born in their land, The first-fruit of all their strength,
37 And bringeth them out with silver and gold, And there is not in its tribes a feeble one.
38 Rejoiced hath Egypt in their going forth, For their fear had fallen upon them.
39 He hath spread a cloud for a covering, And fire to enlighten the night.
40 They have asked, and He bringeth quails, And `with' bread of heaven satisfieth them.
41 He hath opened a rock, and waters issue, They have gone on in dry places -- a river.
42 For He hath remembered His holy word, With Abraham His servant,
43 And He bringeth forth His people with joy, With singing His chosen ones.
44 And He giveth to them the lands of nations, And the labour of peoples they possess,
45 That they may observe His statutes, And His laws may keep. Praise ye Jehovah!
1 Give ye thanks unto Jehovah, call upon his name; make known his acts among the peoples.
2 Sing unto him, sing psalms unto him; meditate upon all his wondrous works.
3 Glory ye in his holy name: let the heart of them rejoice that seek Jehovah.
4 Seek Jehovah and his strength, seek his face continually;
5 Remember his wondrous works which he hath done, his miracles and the judgments of his mouth:
6 Ye seed of Abraham his servant, ye sons of Jacob, his chosen ones.
7 He, Jehovah, is our God; his judgments are in all the earth.
8 He is ever mindful of his covenant, -- the word which he commanded to a thousand generations, --
9 Which he made with Abraham, and of his oath unto Isaac;
10 And he confirmed it unto Jacob for a statute, unto Israel for an everlasting covenant,
11 Saying, Unto thee will I give the land of Canaan, the lot of your inheritance;
12 When they were a few men in number, of small account, and strangers in it.
13 And they went from nation to nation, from one kingdom to another people.
14 He suffered no man to oppress them, and reproved kings for their sakes,
15 [Saying,] Touch not mine anointed ones, and do my prophets no harm.
16 And he called for a famine upon the land; he broke the whole staff of bread.
17 He sent a man before them: Joseph was sold for a bondman.
18 They afflicted his feet with fetters; his soul came into irons;
19 Until the time when what he said came about: the word of Jehovah tried him.
20 The king sent and loosed him -- the ruler of peoples -- and let him go free.
21 He made him lord of his house, and ruler over all his possessions:
22 To bind his princes at his pleasure, and teach his elders wisdom.
23 And Israel came into Egypt, and Jacob sojourned in the land of Ham.
24 And he made his people exceeding fruitful, and made them mightier than their oppressors.
25 He turned their heart to hate his people, to deal subtilly with his servants.
26 He sent Moses his servant, [and] Aaron whom he had chosen:
27 They set his signs among them, and miracles in the land of Ham.
28 He sent darkness, and made it dark; and they rebelled not against his word.
29 He turned their waters into blood, and caused their fish to die.
30 Their land swarmed with frogs, -- in the chambers of their kings.
31 He spoke, and there came dog-flies, [and] gnats in all their borders.
32 He gave them hail for rain, [and] flaming fire in their land;
33 And he smote their vines and their fig-trees, and broke the trees of their borders.
34 He spoke, and the locust came, and the cankerworm, even without number;
35 And they devoured every herb in their land, and ate up the fruit of their ground.
36 And he smote every firstborn in their land, the firstfruits of all their vigour.
37 And he brought them forth with silver and gold; and there was not one feeble among their tribes.
38 Egypt rejoiced at their departure; for the fear of them had fallen upon them.
39 He spread a cloud for a covering, and fire to give light in the night.
40 They asked, and he brought quails, and satisfied them with the bread of heaven.
41 He opened the rock, and waters gushed forth; they ran in the dry places [like] a river.
42 For he remembered his holy word, [and] Abraham his servant;
43 And he brought forth his people with gladness, his chosen with rejoicing;
44 And he gave them the lands of the nations, and they took possession of the labour of the peoples:
45 That they might keep his statutes, and observe his laws. Hallelujah!
1 Give thanks to Yahweh! Call on his name! Make his doings known among the peoples.
2 Sing to him, sing praises to him! Tell of all his marvelous works.
3 Glory in his holy name. Let the heart of those who seek Yahweh rejoice.
4 Seek Yahweh and his strength. Seek his face forever more.
5 Remember his marvelous works that he has done; His wonders, and the judgments of his mouth,
6 You seed of Abraham, his servant, You children of Jacob, his chosen ones.
7 He is Yahweh, our God. His judgments are in all the earth.
8 He has remembered his covenant forever, The word which he commanded to a thousand generations,
9 The covenant which he made with Abraham, His oath to Isaac,
10 And confirmed the same to Jacob for a statute; To Israel for an everlasting covenant,
11 Saying, "To you I will give the land of Canaan, The lot of your inheritance;"
12 When they were but a few men in number, Yes, very few, and foreigners in it.
13 They went about from nation to nation, From one kingdom to another people.
14 He allowed no one to do them wrong. Yes, he reproved kings for their sakes,
15 "Don't touch my anointed ones! Do my prophets no harm!"
16 He called for a famine on the land. He destroyed the food supplies.
17 He sent a man before them. Joseph was sold for a slave.
18 They bruised his feet with shackles. His neck was locked in irons,
19 Until the time that his word happened, And Yahweh's word proved him true.
20 The king sent and freed him; Even the ruler of peoples, and let him go free.
21 He made him lord of his house, And ruler of all of his possessions;
22 To discipline his princes at his pleasure, And to teach his elders wisdom.
23 Israel also came into Egypt. Jacob sojourned in the land of Ham.
24 He increased his people greatly, And made them stronger than their adversaries.
25 He turned their heart to hate his people, To conspire against his servants.
26 He sent Moses, his servant, And Aaron, whom he had chosen.
27 They performed miracles among them, And wonders in the land of Ham.
28 He sent darkness, and made it dark. They didn't rebel against his words.
29 He turned their waters into blood, And killed their fish.
30 Their land swarmed with frogs, Even in the chambers of their kings.
31 He spoke, and swarms of flies came, And lice in all their borders.
32 He gave them hail for rain, With lightning in their land.
33 He struck their vines and also their fig trees, And shattered the trees of their country.
34 He spoke, and the locusts came, And the grasshoppers, without number,
35 Ate up every plant in their land; And ate up the fruit of their ground.
36 He struck also all the firstborn in their land, The first fruits of all their manhood.
37 He brought them forth with silver and gold. There was not one feeble person among his tribes.
38 Egypt was glad when they departed, For the fear of them had fallen on them.
39 He spread a cloud for a covering, Fire to give light in the night.
40 They asked, and he brought quails, And satisfied them with the bread of the sky.
41 He opened the rock, and waters gushed out. They ran as a river in the dry places.
42 For he remembered his holy word, And Abraham, his servant.
43 He brought forth his people with joy, His chosen with singing.
44 He gave them the lands of the nations. They took the labor of the peoples in possession,
45 That they might keep his statutes, And observe his laws. Praise Yah!
1 O give praise to the Lord; give honour to his name, talking of his doings among the peoples.
2 Let your voice be sounding in songs and melody; let all your thoughts be of the wonder of his works.
3 Have glory in his holy name; let the hearts of those who are searching after the Lord be glad.
4 Let your search be for the Lord and for his strength; let your hearts ever be turned to him.
5 Keep in mind the great works which he has done; his wonders, and the decisions of his mouth;
6 O you seed of Abraham, his servant, you children of Jacob, his loved ones.
7 He is the Lord our God: he is judge of all the earth.
8 He has kept his agreement in mind for ever, the word which he gave for a thousand generations;
9 The agreement which he made with Abraham, and his oath to Isaac;
10 And he gave it to Jacob for a law, and to Israel for an eternal agreement;
11 Saying, To you will I give the land of Canaan, the measured line of your heritage:
12 When they were still small in number, and strange in the land;
13 When they went about from one nation to another, and from one kingdom to another people.
14 He would not let anyone do them wrong; he even kept back kings because of them,
15 Saying, Put not your hand on those who have been marked with my holy oil, and do my prophets no wrong.
16 And he took away all food from the land, so that the people were without bread.
17 He sent a man before them, even Joseph, who was given as a servant for a price:
18 His feet were fixed in chains; his neck was put in iron bands;
19 Till the time when his word came true; he was tested by the word of the Lord.
20 The king sent men to take off his chains; even the ruler of the people, who let him go free.
21 He made him lord of his house, and ruler over everything he had;
22 To give his chiefs teaching at his pleasure, and so that his law-givers might get wisdom from him.
23 Then Israel came into Egypt, and Jacob was living in the land of Ham.
24 And his people were greatly increased, and became stronger than those who were against them.
25 Their hearts were turned to hate against his people, so that they made secret designs against them.
26 He sent Moses, his servant, and Aaron, the man of his selection.
27 He let his signs be seen among the people, and his wonders in the land of Ham.
28 He sent black night and made it dark; and they did not go against his word.
29 At his word their waters were turned to blood, and he sent death on all their fish.
30 Their land was full of frogs, even in the rooms of the king.
31 He gave the word, and there came the dog-fly, and insects over all the land.
32 He gave them ice for rain, and flaming fire in their land.
33 He gave their vines and their fig-trees to destruction, and the trees of their land were broken down.
34 At his word the locusts came, and young locusts more than might be numbered,
35 And put an end to all the plants of their land, taking all the fruit of the earth for food.
36 He put to death the first child of every family in the land, the first-fruits of their strength.
37 He took his people out with silver and gold: there was not one feeble person among them.
38 Egypt was glad when they went; for the fear of them had come down on them.
39 A cloud was stretched over them for a cover; and he sent fire to give light in the night.
40 At the people's request he sent birds, and gave them the bread of heaven for food.
41 His hand made the rock open, and the waters came streaming out; they went down through the dry places like a river.
42 For he kept in mind his holy word, and Abraham, his servant.
43 And he took his people out with joy, the men of his selection with glad cries:
44 And gave them the lands of the nations; and they took the work of the peoples for a heritage;
45 So that they might keep his orders, and be true to his laws. Give praise to the Lord.
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Keil & Delitzsch Commentary » Commentary on Psalms 105
Commentary on Psalms 105 Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
Thanksgiving Hymn in Honour of God Who Is Attested in the Earliest History of Israel
We have here another Psalm closing with Hallelujah , which opens the series of the Hodu -Psalms. Such is the name we give only to Psalms which begin with הודו (Ps 105, Ps 107, Ps 118, Ps 136), just as we call those which begin with הללויה (Ps 106, Psalms 111:1, Psalms 117:1-2, Ps 135, Psalms 146:1) Hallelujah -Psalms ( alleluiatici ). The expression להלּל וּלהודות , which frequently occurs in the books of Chronicles, Ezra, and Nehemiah, points to these two kinds of Psalms, or at least to their key-notes.
The festival song which David, according to 1 Chronicles 16:7, handed over to Asaph and his brethren for musical execution at the setting down of the Ark and the opening of divine service on Zion, is, so far as its first part is concerned (1 Chronicles 16:8-22), taken from our Psalm (Psalms 105:1), which is then followed by Psalms 96:1-13 as a second part, and is closed with Psalms 106:1, Psalms 106:47-48. Hitzig regards the festival song in the chronicler as the original, and the respective parallels in the Psalms as “layers or shoots.” “The chronicler,” says he, “there produces with labour, and therefore himself seeking foreign aid, a song for a past that is dead.” But the transition from Psalms 105:22 to Psalms 105:23 and from Psalms 105:33 to Psalms 105:34, so devoid of connection, the taking over of the verse out of Ps 106 referring to the Babylonian exile into Psalms 105:35, and even of the doxology of the Fourth Book, regarded as an integral part of the Psalm, into Psalms 105:36, refute that perversion of the right relation which has been attempted in the interest of the Maccabaean Psalms. That festival song in the chronicler, as has been shown again very recently by Riehm and Köhler, is a compilation of parts of songs already at hand, arranged for a definite purpose. Starting on the assumption that the Psalms as a whole are Davidic (just as all the Proverbs are Salomonic), because David called the poetry of the Psalms used in religious worship into existence, the attempt is made in that festival song to represent the opening of the worship on Zion, at that time in strains belonging to the Davidic Psalms.
So far as the subject-matter is concerned, Psalms 105 attaches itself to the Asaph Ps 78, which recapitulates the history of Israel. The recapitulation here, however, is made not with any didactic purpose, but with the purpose of forming a hymn, and does not come down beyond the time of Moses and Joshua. Its source is likewise the Tôra as it now lies before us. The poet epitomizes what the Tôra narrates, and clothes it in a poetic garb.
Invitation to the praise - praise that resounds far and wide among the peoples - of the God who has become manifest wondrously in the deeds and words connected with the history of the founding of Israel. הודה לה , as in Psalms 33:2; Psalms 75:2, of a praising and thankful confession offered to God; קרא בשׁם ה , to call with the name of Jahve, i.e., to call upon it, of an audible, solemn attestation of God in prayer and in discourse (Symmachus, κηρύσσετε ). The joy of heart
(Note: The Mugrash of ישׂמח with the following Legarme seems here to be of equal value with Zakeph , 1 Chronicles 16:10.)
that is desired is the condition of a joyous opening of the mouth and Israel's own stedfast turning towards Jahve, the condition of all salutary result; for it is only His “strength” that breaks through all dangers, and His “face” that lightens up all darkness. משׁפּטי־פּיו , as Psalms 105:7 teaches, are God's judicial utterances, which have been executed without any hindrance, more particularly in the case of the Egyptians, their Pharaoh, and their gods. The chronicler has פּיהוּ and זרע ישׂראל , which is so far unsuitable as one does not know whether עבדו is to be referred to “Israel” the patriarch, or to the “seed of Israel,” the nation; the latter reference would be deutero-Isaianic. In both texts the lxx reads עבדו (ye His servants).
The poet now begins himself to do that to which he encourages Israel. Jahve is Israel's God: His righteous rule extends over the whole earth, whilst His people experience His inviolable faithfulness to His covenant. יהוה in Psalms 105:7 is in apposition to הוּא , for the God who bears this name is as a matter of course the object of the song of praise. זכר is the perfect of practically pledges certainty (cf. Psalms 111:5, where we find instead the future of confident prospect). The chronicler has זכרוּ instead (lxx again something different: μνημονεύωμεν ); but the object is not the demanding but the promissory side of the covenant, so that consequently it is not Israel's remembering but God's that is spoken of. He remembers His covenant in all time to come, so that exile and want of independence as a state are only temporary, exceptional conditions. צוּה has its radical signification here, to establish, institute, Psalms 111:9. לאלף דּור (in which expression דור is a specifying accusative) is taken from Deuteronomy 7:9. And since דּבר is the covenant word of promise, it can be continued אשׁר כּרת ; and Haggai 2:5 (vid., Köhler thereon) shows that אשׁר is not joined to בריתו over Psalms 105:8 . וּשׁבוּעתו , however, is a second object to זכר (since דּבר with what belongs to it as an apposition is out of the question). It is the oath on Moriah (Genesis 22:16) that is meant, which applied to Abraham and his seed. לישׂחק (chronicler ליצחק ), as in Amos 7:9; Jeremiah 33:26. To זכר is appended ויּעמרדה ; the suffix, intended as neuter, points to what follows, viz., this, that Canaan shall be Israel's hereditary land. From Abraham and Isaac we come to Jacob-Israel, who as being the father of the twelve is the twelve-tribe nation itself that is coming into existence; hence the plural can alternate with the singular in Psalms 105:11. את־ארץ כּנען (chronicler, without the את ) is an accusative of the object, and חבל נחלתכם accusative of the predicate: the land of Canaan as the province of your own hereditary possession measured out with a measuring line (Psalms 78:55).
The poet now celebrates the divine preservation which had sway over the small beginnings of Israel, when it made the patriarchs proof against harm on their wanderings. “Men of number” are such as can be easily counted, vid., the confessions in Genesis 34:30; Deuteronomy 26:5; ויּתהלּכוּ places the claim upon the hospitality at one time of this people and at another time of that people in the connection with it of cause and effect. כּמעט , as a small number, only such a small number, signifies, as being virtually an adjective: inconsiderable, insignificant, worthless (Proverbs 10:20). בּהּ refers to Canaan. In Psalms 105:13 the way in which the words גּוי and עם alternate is instructive: the former signifies the nation, bound together by a common origin, language, country, and descent; the latter the people, bound together by unity of government.
(Note: For this reason a king says עמּי , not גּויי ; and גּוי only occurs twice with a suffix, which refers to Jahve (Psalms 106:5; Zephaniah 2:9); for this reason גּוי , frequently side by side with עם , is the nobler word, e.g., in Deuteronomy 32:21; Jeremiah 2:11; for this reason עם is frequently added to גּוי as a dignitative predicate, Exodus 33:13; Deuteronomy 4:6; and for this reason גּוים and עם ה are used antithetically.)
The apodosis does not begin until Psalms 105:14. It is different in connection with בּהיותכם in the text of the chronicler, and in this passage in the Psalter of the Syriac version, according to which Psalms 105:12 ought to be jointed to the preceding group. The variation ומממלכה instead of מממלכה is of no consequence; but לאישׁ (to any one whomsoever) instead of אדם , in connection with הניח , restores the current mode of expression (Ecclesiastes 5:11; 2 Samuel 16:11; Hosea 4:17) instead of one which is without support elsewhere, but which follows the model of נתן , נטשׁ , Genesis 31:28 (cf. supra p. 171); whilst on the other hand ובנביאי instead of ולנביאי substitutes an expression that cannot be supported for the current one (Genesis 19:9; Ruth 1:21). In Psalms 105:14 the poet has the three histories of the preservation of the wives of the patriarchs in his mind, viz., of Sarah in Egypt (Gen. 12), and of Sarah and of Rebekah both in Philistia (Psalms 20:1-9, Psalms 26:1-12, cf. especially Psalms 26:11). In the second instance God declares the patriarch to be a “prophet” (Psalms 20:7). The one mention has reference to this and the other to Gen. 17, where Abram is set apart to be the father of peoples and kings, and Sarai to be a princess. They are called משׁיהים (a passive form) as eing God-chosen princes, and נביאים (an intensive active form, from נבא , root נב , to divulge), not as being inspired ones (Hupfeld), but as being God's spokesmen (cf. Exodus 7:1. with Exodus 4:15.), therefore as being the recipients and mediators of a divine revelation.
“To call up a famine” is also a prose expression in 2 Kings 8:1. To break the staff of bread (i.e., the staff which bread is to man) is a very old metaphor, Leviticus 26:26. That the selling of Joseph was, providentially regarded, a “sending before,” he himself says in Genesis 45:5. Psalms 102:24 throws light upon the meaning of ענּה ב . The Kerî רגלו is just as much without any occasion to justify it as עינו in Ecclesiastes 4:8 (for עיניו ). The statement that iron came upon his soul is intended to say that he had to endure in iron fetters sufferings that threatened his life. Most expositors take בּרזל as equivalent to בּבּרזל , but Hitzig rightly takes נפשׁו as an object, following the Targum; for ברזל as a name of an iron fetter
(Note: Also in ancient Arabic firzil (after the Aramaic פרזלא ) directly signifies an iron fetter (and the large smith's shears for cutting the iron), whence the verb. denom . Arab. farzala , c. acc. pers., to put any one into iron chains. Iron is called בּרזל from בּרז , to pierce, like the Arabic ḥdı̂d , as being the material of which pointed tools are made.)
can change its gender, as do, e.g., צפון as a name of the north wind, and כבוד as a name of the soul. The imprisonment (so harsh at the commencement) lasted over ten years, until at last Joseph's word cam to pass, viz., the word concerning this exaltation which had been revealed to him in dreams (Genesis 42:9). According to Psalms 107:20, דברו appears to be the word of Jahve, but then one would expect from Psalms 105:19 a more parallel turn of expression. What is meant is Joseph's open-hearted word concerning his visions, and אמרת ה is the revelation of God conveying His promises, which came to him in the same form, which had to try, to prove, and to purify him ( צרף as in Psalms 17:3, and frequently), inasmuch as he was not to be raised to honour without having in a state of deep abasement proved a faithfulness that wavered not, and a confidence that knew no despair. The divine “word” is conceived of as a living effectual power, as in Psalms 119:50. The representation of the exaltation begins, according to Genesis 41:14, with שׁלח־מלך
(Note: Here שׁלח is united by Makkeph with the following word, to which it hurries on, whereas in Psalms 105:28 it has its own accent, a circumstance to which the Masora has directed attention in the apophthegm: שׁלוחי דמלכא זריזין שׁלוחי דחשׁוכא מתינין (the emissaries of the king are in haste, those of darkness are tardy); vid., Baer, Thorath Emeth , p. 22.)
and follows Genesis 41:39-41, Genesis 41:44, very closely as to the rest, according to which בּנפשׁו is a collateral definition to לאסּר (with an orthophonic Dag .) in the sense of בּרצונו : by his soul, i.e., by virtue of his will (vid., Psychology , S. 202; tr. p. 239). In consequence of this exaltation of Joseph, Jacob-Israel came then into Egypt, and sojourned there as in a protecting house of shelter (concerning גּוּר , vid., supra , p. 414). Egypt is called (Psalms 105:23, Psalms 105:27) the land of Chaam , as in Psalms 78:51; according to Plutarch, in the vernacular the black land, from the dark ashy grey colouring which the deposited mud of the Nile gives to the ground. There Israel became a powerful, numerous people (Exodus 1:7; Deuteronomy 26:5), greater than their oppressors.
Narration of the exodus out of Egypt after the plagues that went forth over that land. Psalms 105:25 tells how the Egyptians became their “oppressors.” It was indirectly God's work, inasmuch as He gave increasing might to His people, which excited their jealousy. The craft reached its highest pitch in the weakening of the Israelites that was aimed at by killing all the male children that were born. דּברי signifies facts, instances, as in Psalms 65:4; Psalms 145:5. Here, too, as in Ps 78, the miraculous judgments of the ten plagues to not stand in exactly historical order. The poet begins with the ninth, which was the most distinct self-representation of divine wrath, viz., the darkness (Exodus 10:21-29): shā'lach chō'shech . The former word ( שׁלח ) has an orthophonic Gaja by the final syllable, which warns the reader audibly to utter the guttural of the toneless final syllable, which might here be easily slurred over. The Hiph . החשׁיך has its causative signification here, as also in Jeremiah 13:16; the contracted mode of writing with i instead of ı̂ may be occasioned by the Waw convers. Psalms 105:28 cannot be referred to the Egyptians; for the expression would be a mistaken one for the final compliance, which was wrung from them, and the interrogative way of taking it: nonne rebellarunt , is forced: the cancelling of the לא , however (lxx and Syriac), makes the thought halting. Hitzig proposes ולא שׁמרו : they observed not His words; but this, too, sounds flat and awkward when said of the Egyptians. The subject will therefore be the same as the subject of שׂמוּ ; and of Moses and Aaron, in contrast to the behaviour at Mê - Merı̂bah (Numbers 20:24; Numbers 27:14; cf. 1 Kings 13:21, 1 Kings 13:26), it is said that this time they rebelled not against the words ( Kerî , without any ground: the word) of God, but executed the terrible commands accurately and willingly. From the ninth plague the poet in Psalms 105:29 passes over to the first (Exodus 7:14-25), viz., the red blood is appended to the black darkness. The second plague follows, viz., the frogs (Exodus 8:1-15); Psalms 105:20 looks as though it were stunted, but neither has the lxx read any ויבאו ( ויעלו ), Ex. 7:28. In Psalms 105:31 he next briefly touches upon the fourth plague, viz., the gad-fly, ערב , lxx κυνόμυια (Exodus 8:20-32, vid., on Psalms 78:45), and the third (Exodus 8:16-19), viz., the gnats, which are passed over in Ps 78. From the third plague the poet in Psalms 105:32, Psalms 105:33 takes a leap over to the seventh, viz., the hail (Ex 9:13-35). In Psalms 105:32 he has Exodus 9:24 before his mind, according to which masses of fire descended with the hail; and in Psalms 105:33 (as in Psalms 78:47) he fills in the details of Exodus 9:25. The seventh plague is followed by the eighth in Psalms 105:34, Psalms 105:35, viz., the locust (Ex 10:1-20), to which ילק (the grasshopper) is the parallel word here, just as חסיל (the cricket) is in Psalms 78:46. The expression of innumerableness is the same as in Psalms 104:25. The fifth plague, viz., the pestilence, murrain (Exodus 9:1-7), and the sixth, viz., שׁחין , boils (Exodus 9:8-12), are left unmentioned; and the tenth plague closes, viz., the smiting of the first-born (Exodus 11:1.), which Psalms 105:36 expresses in the Asaphic language of Psalms 78:51. Without any mention of the institution of the Passover, the tenth plague is followed by the departure with the vessels of silver and gold asked for from the Egyptians (Exodus 12:35; Exodus 11:2; Exodus 3:22). The Egyptians were glad to get rid of the people whose detention threatened them with total destruction (Exodus 12:33). The poet here draws from Isaiah 5:27; Isaiah 14:31; Isaiah 63:13, and Exodus 15:16. The suffix of שׁבטיו refers to the chief subject of the assertion, viz., to God, according to Psalms 122:4, although manifestly enough the reference to Israel is also possible (Numbers 24:2).
Now follows the miraculous guidance through the desert to the taking possession of Canaan. The fact that the cloud ( ענן , root ען , to meet, to present itself to view, whence the Arabic ‛ănăn , the visible outward side of the vault of heaven) by day, and becoming like fire by night, was their guide (Exodus 13:21), is left out of consideration in Psalms 105:39 . With למסך we are not to associate the idea of a covering against foes, Exodus 14:19., but of a covering from the smiting sun, for פּרשׁ (Exodus 40:19), as in Isaiah 4:5., points to the idea of a canopy. In connection with the sending of the quails the tempting character of the desire is only momentarily dwelt upon, the greater emphasis is laid on the omnipotence of the divine goodness which responded to it . שׁאלוּ is to be read instead of שׁאל , the w before w having been overlooked; and the Kerî writes and points שׂליו (like סתיו , עניו ) in order to secure the correct pronunciation, after the analogy of the plural termination יו -. The bread of heaven (Psalms 78:24.) is the manna. In Psalms 105:41 the giving of water out of the rock at Rephidim and at Kadesh are brought together; the expression corresponds better to the former instance (Exodus 17:6, cf. Numbers 20:11). הלכוּ refers to the waters, and נהר for כּנּהרות , Psalms 78:16, is, as in Psalms 22:14, an equation instead of a comparison. In this miraculous escort the patriarchal promise moves on towards its fulfilment; the holy word of promise, and the stedfast, proved faith of Abraham - these were the two motives. The second את is, like the first, a sign of the object, not a preposition (lxx, Targum), in connection with which Psalms 105:42 would be a continuation of Psalms 105:42 , dragging on without any parallelism. Joy and exulting are mentioned as the mood of the redeemed ones with reference to the festive joy displayed at the Red Sea and at Sinai. By Psalms 105:43 one is reminded of the same descriptions of the antitype in Isaiah, Isaiah 35:10; Isaiah 51:11; Isaiah 55:12, just as Psalms 105:41 recalls Isaiah 48:21. “The lands of the heathen” are the territories of the tribes of Canaan. עמל is equivalent to יגיע in Isaiah 45:14 : the cultivated ground, the habitable cities, and the accumulated treasures. Israel entered upon the inheritance of these peoples in every direction. As an independent people upon ground that is theirs by inheritance, keeping the revealed law of their God, was Israel to exhibit the pattern of a holy nation moulded after the divine will; and, as the beginning of the Psalm shows, to unite the peoples to themselves and their God, the God of redemption, by the proclamation of the redemption which has fallen to their own lot.