Worthy.Bible » Parallel » Psalms » Chapter 139 » Verse 1-24

Psalms 139:1-24 King James Version (KJV)

1 O lord, thou hast searched me, and known me.

2 Thou knowest my downsitting and mine uprising, thou understandest my thought afar off.

3 Thou compassest my path and my lying down, and art acquainted with all my ways.

4 For there is not a word in my tongue, but, lo, O LORD, thou knowest it altogether.

5 Thou hast beset me behind and before, and laid thine hand upon me.

6 Such knowledge is too wonderful for me; it is high, I cannot attain unto it.

7 Whither shall I go from thy spirit? or whither shall I flee from thy presence?

8 If I ascend up into heaven, thou art there: if I make my bed in hell, behold, thou art there.

9 If I take the wings of the morning, and dwell in the uttermost parts of the sea;

10 Even there shall thy hand lead me, and thy right hand shall hold me.

11 If I say, Surely the darkness shall cover me; even the night shall be light about me.

12 Yea, the darkness hideth not from thee; but the night shineth as the day: the darkness and the light are both alike to thee.

13 For thou hast possessed my reins: thou hast covered me in my mother's womb.

14 I will praise thee; for I am fearfully and wonderfully made: marvellous are thy works; and that my soul knoweth right well.

15 My substance was not hid from thee, when I was made in secret, and curiously wrought in the lowest parts of the earth.

16 Thine eyes did see my substance, yet being unperfect; and in thy book all my members were written, which in continuance were fashioned, when as yet there was none of them.

17 How precious also are thy thoughts unto me, O God! how great is the sum of them!

18 If I should count them, they are more in number than the sand: when I awake, I am still with thee.

19 Surely thou wilt slay the wicked, O God: depart from me therefore, ye bloody men.

20 For they speak against thee wickedly, and thine enemies take thy name in vain.

21 Do not I hate them, O LORD, that hate thee? and am not I grieved with those that rise up against thee?

22 I hate them with perfect hatred: I count them mine enemies.

23 Search me, O God, and know my heart: try me, and know my thoughts:

24 And see if there be any wicked way in me, and lead me in the way everlasting.


Psalms 139:1-24 King James Version with Strong's Concordance (STRONG)

1 [[To the chief Musician, H5329 A Psalm H4210 of David.]] H1732 O LORD, H3068 thou hast searched H2713 me, and known H3045 me.

2 Thou knowest H3045 my downsitting H3427 and mine uprising, H6965 thou understandest H995 my thought H7454 afar off. H7350

3 Thou compassest H2219 my path H734 and my lying down, H7252 and art acquainted H5532 with all my ways. H1870

4 For there is not a word H4405 in my tongue, H3956 but, lo, O LORD, H3068 thou knowest H3045 it altogether.

5 Thou hast beset H6696 me behind H268 and before, H6924 and laid H7896 thine hand H3709 upon me.

6 Such knowledge H1847 is too wonderful H6383 H6383 for me; it is high, H7682 I cannot H3201 attain unto it.

7 Whither shall I go H3212 from thy spirit? H7307 or whither shall I flee H1272 from thy presence? H6440

8 If I ascend up H5266 into heaven, H8064 thou art there: if I make my bed H3331 in hell, H7585 behold, thou art there.

9 If I take H5375 the wings H3671 of the morning, H7837 and dwell H7931 in the uttermost parts H319 of the sea; H3220

10 Even there shall thy hand H3027 lead H5148 me, and thy right hand H3225 shall hold H270 me.

11 If I say, H559 Surely the darkness H2822 shall cover H7779 me; even the night H3915 shall be light H216 about me. H1157

12 Yea, the darkness H2822 hideth H2821 not from thee; but the night H3915 shineth H215 as the day: H3117 the darkness H2825 and the light H219 are both alike to thee.

13 For thou hast possessed H7069 my reins: H3629 thou hast covered H5526 me in my mother's H517 womb. H990

14 I will praise H3034 thee; for I am fearfully H3372 and wonderfully made: H6395 marvellous H6381 are thy works; H4639 and that my soul H5315 knoweth H3045 right well. H3966

15 My substance H6108 was not hid H3582 from thee, when I was made H6213 in secret, H5643 and curiously wrought H7551 in the lowest parts H8482 of the earth. H776

16 Thine eyes H5869 did see H7200 my substance, yet being unperfect; H1564 and in thy book H5612 all my members were written, H3789 which in continuance H3117 were fashioned, H3335 when as yet there was none H259 of them.

17 How precious H3365 also are thy thoughts H7454 unto me, O God! H410 how great H6105 is the sum H7218 of them!

18 If I should count H5608 them, they are more in number H7235 than the sand: H2344 when I awake, H6974 I am still H5750 with thee.

19 Surely thou wilt slay H6991 the wicked, H7563 O God: H433 depart H5493 from me therefore, ye bloody H1818 men. H582

20 For they speak H559 against thee wickedly, H4209 and thine enemies H6145 take H5375 thy name in vain. H7723

21 Do not I hate H8130 them, O LORD, H3068 that hate H8130 thee? and am not I grieved H6962 with those that rise up H8618 against thee?

22 I hate H8130 them with perfect H8503 hatred: H8135 I count them mine enemies. H341

23 Search H2713 me, O God, H410 and know H3045 my heart: H3824 try H974 me, and know H3045 my thoughts: H8312

24 And see H7200 if there be any wicked H6090 way H1870 in me, and lead H5148 me in the way H1870 everlasting. H5769


Psalms 139:1-24 American Standard (ASV)

1 O Jehovah, thou hast searched me, and known `me'.

2 Thou knowest my downsitting and mine uprising; Thou understandest my thought afar off.

3 Thou searchest out my path and my lying down, And art acquainted with all my ways.

4 For there is not a word in my tongue, But, lo, O Jehovah, thou knowest it altogether.

5 Thou hast beset me behind and before, And laid thy hand upon me.

6 `Such' knowledge is too wonderful for me; It is high, I cannot attain unto it.

7 Whither shall I go from thy Spirit? Or whither shall I flee from thy presence?

8 If I ascend up into heaven, thou art there: If I make my bed in Sheol, behold, thou art there.

9 If I take the wings of the morning, And dwell in the uttermost parts of the sea;

10 Even there shall thy hand lead me, And thy right hand shall hold me.

11 If I say, Surely the darkness shall overwhelm me, And the light about me shall be night;

12 Even the darkness hideth not from thee, But the night shineth as the day: The darkness and the light are both alike `to thee'.

13 For thou didst form my inward parts: Thou didst cover me in my mother's womb.

14 I will give thanks unto thee; for I am fearfully and wonderfully made: Wonderful are thy works; And that my soul knoweth right well.

15 My frame was not hidden from thee, When I was made in secret, `And' curiously wrought in the lowest parts of the earth.

16 Thine eyes did see mine unformed substance; And in thy book they were all written, `Even' the days that were ordained `for me', When as yet there was none of them.

17 How precious also are thy thoughts unto me, O God! How great is the sum of them!

18 If I should count them, they are more in number than the sand: When I awake, I am still with thee.

19 Surely thou wilt slay the wicked, O God: Depart from me therefore, ye bloodthirsty men.

20 For they speak against thee wickedly, And thine enemies take `thy name' in vain.

21 Do not I hate them, O Jehovah, that hate thee? And am not I grieved with those that rise up against thee?

22 I hate them with perfect hatred: They are become mine enemies.

23 Search me, O God, and know my heart: Try me, and know my thoughts;

24 And see if there be any wicked way in me, And lead me in the way everlasting. Psalm 140 For the Chief Musician. A Psalm of David.


Psalms 139:1-24 Young's Literal Translation (YLT)

1 To the Overseer. -- A Psalm by David. Jehovah, Thou hast searched me, and knowest.

2 Thou -- Thou hast known my sitting down, And my rising up, Thou hast attended to my thoughts from afar.

3 My path and my couch Thou hast fanned, And `with' all my ways hast been acquainted.

4 For there is not a word in my tongue, Lo, O Jehovah, Thou hast known it all!

5 Behind and before Thou hast besieged me, And Thou dost place on me Thy hand.

6 Knowledge too wonderful for me, It hath been set on high, I am not able for it.

7 Whither do I go from Thy Spirit? And whither from Thy face do I flee?

8 If I ascend the heavens -- there Thou `art', And spread out a couch in Sheol, lo, Thee!

9 I take the wings of morning, I dwell in the uttermost part of the sea,

10 Also there Thy hand doth lead me, And Thy right hand doth hold me.

11 And I say, `Surely darkness bruiseth me, Then night `is' light to me.

12 Also darkness hideth not from Thee, And night as day shineth, as `is' darkness so `is' light.

13 For Thou -- Thou hast possessed my reins, Thou dost cover me in my mother's belly.

14 I confess Thee, because that `with' wonders I have been distinguished. Wonderful `are' Thy works, And my soul is knowing `it' well.

15 My substance was not hid from Thee, When I was made in secret, Curiously wrought in the lower part of earth.

16 Mine unformed substance Thine eyes saw, And on Thy book all of them are written, The days they were formed -- And not one among them.

17 And to me how precious have been Thy thoughts, O God, how great hath been their sum!

18 I recount them! than the sand they are more, I have waked, and I am still with Thee.

19 Dost Thou slay, O God, the wicked? Then, men of blood, turn aside from me!

20 Who exchange Thee for wickedness, Lifted up to vanity `are' Thine enemies.

21 Do not I hate, Jehovah, those hating Thee? And with Thy withstanders grieve myself?

22 `With' perfect hatred I have hated them, Enemies they have become to me.

23 Search me, O God, and know my heart, Try me, and know my thoughts,

24 And see if a grievous way be in me, And lead me in a way age-during!


Psalms 139:1-24 Darby English Bible (DARBY)

1 {To the chief Musician. A Psalm of David.} Jehovah, thou hast searched me, and known [me].

2 *Thou* knowest my down-sitting and mine uprising, thou understandest my thought afar off;

3 Thou searchest out my path and my lying down, and art acquainted with all my ways;

4 For there is not yet a word on my tongue, [but] lo, O Jehovah, thou knowest it altogether.

5 Thou hast beset me behind and before, and laid thy hand upon me.

6 O knowledge too wonderful for me! it is high, I cannot [attain] unto it.

7 Whither shall I go from thy Spirit? and whither flee from thy presence?

8 If I ascend up into the heavens thou art there; or if I make my bed in Sheol, behold, thou [art there];

9 [If] I take the wings of the dawn [and] dwell in the uttermost parts of the sea,

10 Even there shall thy hand lead me, and thy right hand shall hold me.

11 And if I say, Surely darkness shall cover me, and the light about me be night;

12 Even darkness hideth not from thee, and the night shineth as the day: the darkness is as the light.

13 For thou hast possessed my reins; thou didst cover me in my mother's womb.

14 I will praise thee, for I am fearfully, wonderfully made. Marvellous are thy works; and [that] my soul knoweth right well.

15 My bones were not hidden from thee when I was made in secret, curiously wrought in the lower parts of the earth.

16 Thine eyes did see my unformed substance, and in thy book all [my members] were written; [during many] days were they fashioned, when [as yet] there was none of them.

17 But how precious are thy thoughts unto me, O ùGod! how great is the sum of them!

18 [If] I would count them, they are more in number than the sand. When I awake, I am still with thee.

19 Oh that thou wouldest slay the wicked, O +God! And ye men of blood, depart from me.

20 For they speak of thee wickedly, they take [thy name] in vain, thine enemies.

21 Do not I hate them, O Jehovah, that hate thee? and do not I loathe them that rise up against thee?

22 I hate them with perfect hatred; I account them mine enemies.

23 Search me, O ùGod, and know my heart; prove me, and know my thoughts;

24 And see if there be any grievous way in me; and lead me in the way everlasting.


Psalms 139:1-24 World English Bible (WEB)

1 > Yahweh, you have searched me, And you know me.

2 You know my sitting down and my rising up. You perceive my thoughts from afar.

3 You search out my path and my lying down, And are acquainted with all my ways.

4 For there is not a word on my tongue, But, behold, Yahweh, you know it altogether.

5 You hem me in behind and before. You laid your hand on me.

6 This knowledge is beyond me. It's lofty. I can't attain it.

7 Where could I go from your Spirit? Or where could I flee from your presence?

8 If I ascend up into heaven, you are there. If I make my bed in Sheol, behold, you are there!

9 If I take the wings of the dawn, And settle in the uttermost parts of the sea;

10 Even there your hand will lead me, And your right hand will hold me.

11 If I say, "Surely the darkness will overwhelm me; The light around me will be night;"

12 Even the darkness doesn't hide from you, But the night shines as the day. The darkness is like light to you.

13 For you formed my inmost being. You knit me together in my mother's womb.

14 I will give thanks to you, For I am fearfully and wonderfully made. Your works are wonderful. My soul knows that very well.

15 My frame wasn't hidden from you, When I was made in secret, Woven together in the depths of the earth.

16 Your eyes saw my body. In your book they were all written, The days that were ordained for me, When as yet there were none of them.

17 How precious to me are your thoughts, God! How vast is the sum of them!

18 If I would count them, they are more in number than the sand. When I wake up, I am still with you.

19 If only you, God, would kill the wicked. Get away from me, you bloodthirsty men!

20 For they speak against you wickedly. Your enemies take your name in vain.

21 Yahweh, don't I hate those who hate you? Am I not grieved with those who rise up against you?

22 I hate them with perfect hatred. They have become my enemies.

23 Search me, God, and know my heart. Try me, and know my thoughts.

24 See if there is any wicked way in me, And lead me in the everlasting way.


Psalms 139:1-24 Bible in Basic English (BBE)

1 <To the chief music-maker. A Psalm. Of David.> O Lord, you have knowledge of me, searching out all my secrets.

2 You have knowledge when I am seated and when I get up, you see my thoughts from far away.

3 You keep watch over my steps and my sleep, and have knowledge of all my ways.

4 For there is not a word on my tongue which is not clear to you, O Lord.

5 I am shut in by you on every side, and you have put your hand on me.

6 Such knowledge is a wonder greater than my powers; it is so high that I may not come near it.

7 Where may I go from your spirit? how may I go in flight from you?

8 If I go up to heaven, you are there: or if I make my bed in the underworld, you are there.

9 If I take the wings of the morning, and go to the farthest parts of the sea;

10 Even there will I be guided by your hand, and your right hand will keep me.

11 If I say, Only let me be covered by the dark, and the light about me be night;

12 Even the dark is not dark to you; the night is as bright as the day: for dark and light are the same to you.

13 My flesh was made by you, and my parts joined together in my mother's body.

14 I will give you praise, for I am strangely and delicately formed; your works are great wonders, and of this my soul is fully conscious.

15 My frame was not unseen by you when I was made secretly, and strangely formed in the lowest parts of the earth.

16 Your eyes saw my unformed substance; in your book all my days were recorded, even those which were purposed before they had come into being.

17 How dear are your thoughts to me, O God! how great is the number of them!

18 If I made up their number, it would be more than the grains of sand; when I am awake, I am still with you.

19 If only you would put the sinners to death, O God; go far from me, you men of blood.

20 For they go against you with evil designs, and your haters make sport of your name.

21 Are not your haters hated by me, O Lord? are not those who are lifted up against you a cause of grief to me?

22 My hate for them is complete; my thoughts of them are as if they were making war on me.

23 O God, let the secrets of my heart be uncovered, and let my wandering thoughts be tested:

24 See if there is any way of sorrow in me, and be my guide in the eternal way.

Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Matthew Henry Commentary » Commentary on Psalms 139

Commentary on Psalms 139 Matthew Henry Commentary


Psalm 139

Some of the Jewish doctors are of opinion that this is the most excellent of all the psalms of David; and a very pious devout meditation it is upon the doctrine of God's omniscience, which we should therefore have our hearts fixed upon and filled with in singing this psalm.

  • I. This doctrine is here asserted, and fully laid down (v. 1-6).
  • II. It is confirmed by two arguments:-
    • 1. God is every where present; therefore he knows all (v. 7-12).
    • 2. He made us, therefore he knows us (v. 13-16).
  • III. Some inferences are drawn from this doctrine.
    • 1. It may fill us with pleasing admiration of God (v. 17, 18).
    • 2. With a holy dread and detestation of sin and sinners (v. 19-22).
    • 3. With a holy satisfaction in our own integrity, concerning which we may appeal to God (v. 23, 24).

This great and self-evident truth, That God knows our hearts, and the hearts of all the children of men, if we did but mix faith with it and seriously consider it and apply it, would have a great influence upon our holiness and upon our comfort.

To the chief musician. A psalm of David.

Psa 139:1-6

David here lays down this great doctrine, That the God with whom we have to do has a perfect knowledge of us, and that all the motions and actions both of our inward and of our outward man are naked and open before him.

  • I. He lays down this doctrine in the way of an address to God; he says it to him, acknowledging it to him, and giving him the glory of it. Divine truths look fully as well when they are prayed over as when they are preached over, and much better than when they are disputed over. When we speak of God to him himself we shall find ourselves concerned to speak with the utmost degree both of sincerity and reverence, which will be likely to make the impressions the deeper.
  • II. He lays it down in a way of application to himself, not, "Thou hast known all,' but, "Thou hast known me; that is it which I am most concerned to believe and which it will be most profitable for me to consider.' Then we know these things for our good when we know them for ourselves, Job 5:27. When we acknowledge, "Lord, all souls are thine,' we must add, "My soul is thine; thou that hatest all sin hatest my sin; thou that art good to all, good to Israel, art good to me.' So here, "Thou hast searched me, and known me; known me as thoroughly as we know that which we have most diligently and exactly searched into.' David was a king, and the hearts of kings are unsearchable to their subjects (Prov. 25:3), but they are not so to their Sovereign.
  • III. He descends to particulars: "Thou knowest me wherever I am and whatever I am doing, me and all that belongs to me.'
    • 1. "Thou knowest me and all my motions, my down-sitting to rest, my up-rising to work, with what temper of mind I compose myself when I sit down and stir up myself when I rise up, what my soul reposes itself in as its stay and support, what it aims at and reaches towards as its felicity and end. Thou knowest me when I come home, how I walk before my house, and when I go abroad, on what errands I go.'
    • 2. "Thou knowest all my imaginations. Nothing is more close and quick than thought; it is always unknown to others; it is often unobserved by ourselves, and yet thou understandest my thought afar off. Though my thoughts be ever so foreign and distant from one another, thou understandest the chain of them, and canst make out their connexion, when so many of them slip my notice that I myself cannot.' Or, "Thou understandest them afar off, even before I think them, and long after I have thought them and have myself forgotten them.' Or, "Thou understandest them from afar; from the height of heaven thou seest into the depths of the heart,' Ps. 33:14.
    • 3. "Thou knowest me and all my designs and undertakings; thou compassest every particular path; thou siftest (or winnowest) my path' (so some), "so as thoroughly to distinguish between the good and evil of what I do,' as by sifting we separate between the corn and the chaff. All our actions are ventilated by the judgment of God, Ps. 17:3. God takes notice of every step we take, every right step and every by-step. He is acquainted with all our ways, intimately acquainted with them; he knows what rule we walk by, what end we walk towards, what company we walk with.
    • 4. "Thou knowest me in all my retirements; thou knowest my lying down; when I am withdrawn from all company, and am reflecting upon what has passed all day and composing myself to rest, thou knowest what I have in my heart and with what thought I go to bed.'
    • 5. "Thou knowest me, and all I say (v. 4): There is not a word in my tongue, not a vain word, nor a good word, but thou knowest it altogether, knowest what it meant, from what thought it came, and with what design it was uttered. There is not a word at my tongue's end, ready to be spoken, yet checked and kept in, but thou knowest it.' When there is not a word in my tongue, O Lord! thou knowest all (so some read it); for thoughts are words to God.
    • 6. "Thou knowest me in every part of me: Thou hast beset me behind and before, so that, go which way I will, I am under thy eye and cannot possibly escape it. Thou hast laid thy hand upon me, and I cannot run away from thee.' Wherever we are we are under the eye and hand of God. perhaps it is an allusion to the physician's laying his hand upon his patient to feel how his pulse beats or what temper he is in. God knows us as we know not only what we see, but what we feel and have our hands upon. All his saints are in his hand.
  • IV. He speaks of it with admiration (v. 6): It is too wonderful for me; it is high.
    • 1. "Thou hast such a knowledge of me as I have not of myself, nor can have. I cannot take notice of all my own thoughts, nor make such a judgment of myself as thou makest of me.'?
    • 2. "It is such a knowledge as I cannot comprehend, much less describe. That thou knowest all things I am sure, but how I cannot tell.' We cannot by searching find out how God searches and finds out us; nor do we know how we are known.

Psa 139:7-16

It is of great use to us to know the certainty of the things wherein we have been instructed, that we may not only believe them, but be able to tell why we believe them, and to give a reason of the hope that is in us. David is sure that God perfectly knows him and all his ways,

  • I. Because he is always under his eye. If God is omnipresent, he must needs be omniscient; but he is omnipresent; this supposes the infinite and immensity of his being, from which follows the ubiquity of his presence; heaven and earth include the whole creation, and the Creator fills both (Jer. 23:24); he not only knows both, and governs both, but he fills both. Every part of the creation is under God's intuition and influence. David here acknowledges this also with application and sees himself thus open before God.
    • 1. No flight can remove us out of God's presence: "Whither shall I go from thy Spirit, from thy presence, that is, from thy spiritual presence, from thyself, who art a Spirit?' God is a Spirit, and therefore it is folly to think that because we cannot see him he cannot see us: Whither shall I flee from thy presence? Not that he desired to go away from God; no, he desired nothing more than to be near him; but he only puts the case, "Suppose I should be so foolish as to think of getting out of thy sight, that I might shake off the awe of thee, suppose I should think of revolting from my obedience to thee, or of disowning a dependence on thee and of shifting for myself, alas! whither can I go?' A heathen could say, Quocunque te flexeris, ibi Deum videbis occurrentem tibi-Whithersoever thou turnest thyself, thou wilt see God meeting thee. Seneca. He specifies the most remote and distant places, and counts upon meeting God in them.
      • (1.) In heaven: "If I ascend thither, as I hope to do shortly, thou art there, and it will be my eternal bliss to be with thee there.' Heaven is a vast large place, replenished with an innumerable company, and yet there is no escaping God's eye there, in any corner, or in any crowd. The inhabitants of that world have as necessary a dependence upon God, and lie as open to his strict scrutiny, as the inhabitants of this.
      • (2.) In hell-in Sheol, which may be understood of the depth of the earth, the very centre of it. Should we dig as deep as we can under ground, and think to hide ourselves there, we should be mistaken; God knows that path which the vulture's eye never saw, and to him the earth is all surface. Or it may be understood of the state of the dead. When we are removed out of the sight of all living, yet not out of the sight of the living God; from his eye we cannot hide ourselves in the grave. Or it maybe understood of the place of the damned: If I make my bed in hell (an uncomfortable place to make a bed in, where there is no rest day or night, yet thousands will make their bed for ever in those flames), behold, thou art there, in thy power and justice. God's wrath is the fire which will there burn everlastingly, Rev. 14:10.
      • (3.) In the remotest corners of this world: "If I take the wings of the morning, the rays of the morning-light (called the wings of the sun, Mal. 4:2), than which nothing more swift, and flee upon them to the uttermost parts of the sea, or of the earth (Job 38:12, 13), should I flee to the most distant and obscure islands (the ultima Thule, the Terra incognita), I should find thee there; there shall thy hand lead me, as far as I go, and thy right hand hold me, that I can go no further, that I cannot go out of thy reach.' God soon arrested Jonah when he fled to Tarshish from the presence of the Lord.
    • 2. No veil can hide us from God's eye, no, not that of the thickest darkness, v. 11, 12. "If I say, Yet the darkness shall cover me, when nothing else will, alas! I find myself deceived; the curtains of the evening will stand me in no more stead than the wings of the morning; even the night shall be light about me. That which often favours the escape of a pursued criminal, and the retreat of a beaten army, will do me no kindness in fleeing from them.' When God divided between the light and darkness it was with a reservation of this prerogative, that to himself the darkness and the light should still be both alike. "The darkness darkeneth not from thee, for there is no darkness nor shadow of death where the workers of iniquity may hide themselves.' No hypocritical mask or disguise, how specious soever, can save any person or action from appearing in a true light before God. Secret haunts of sin are as open before God as the most open and barefaced villanies.
  • II. Because he is the work of his hands. He that framed the engine knows all the motions of it. God made us, and therefore no doubt he knows us; he saw us when we were in the forming, and can we be hidden from him now that we are formed? This argument he insists upon (v. 13-16): "Thou hast possessed my reins; thou art Master of my most secret thoughts and intentions, and the innermost recesses of my soul; thou not only knowest, but governest, them, as we do that which we have possession of; and the possession thou hast of my reins is a rightful possession, for thou coveredst me in my mother's womb, that is, thou madest me (Job 10:11), thou madest me in secret. The soul is concealed form all about us. Who knows the things of a man, save the spirit of a man?' 1 Co. 2:11. Hence we read of the hidden man of the heart. But it was God himself that thus covered us, and therefore he can, when he pleases, discover us; when he hid us from all the world he did not intend to hide us from himself. Concerning the formation of man, of each of us,
    • 1. The glory of it is here given to God, entirely to him; for it is he that has made us and not we ourselves. "I will praise thee, the author of my being; my parents were only the instruments of it.' It was done,
      • (1.) Under the divine inspection: My substance, when hid in the womb, nay, when it was yet but in fieri-in the forming, an unshapen embryo, was not hidden from thee; thy eyes did see my substance.
      • (2.) By the divine operation. As the eye of God saw us then, so his hand wrought us; we were his work.
      • (3.) According to the divine model: In thy book all my members were written. Eternal wisdom formed the plan, and by that almighty power raised the noble structure.
    • 2. Glorious things are here said concerning it. The generation of man is to be considered with the same pious veneration as his creation at first. Consider it,
      • (1.) As a great marvel, a great miracle we might call it, but that it is done in the ordinary course of nature. We are fearfully and wonderfully made; we may justly be astonished at the admirable contrivance of these living temples, the composition of every part, and the harmony of all together.
      • (2.) As a great mystery, a mystery of nature: My soul knows right well that it is marvellous, but how to describe it for any one else I know not; for I was made in secret, and curiously wrought in the womb as in the lowest parts of the earth, so privately, and so far out of sight.
      • (3.) As a great mercy, that all our members in continuance were fashioned, according as they were written in the book of God's wise counsel, when as yet there was none of them; or, as some read it, and none of them was left out. If any of our members had been wanting in God's book, they would have been wanting in our bodies, but, through his goodness, we have all our limbs and sense, the want of any of which might have made us burdens to ourselves. See what reason we have then to praise God for our creation, and to conclude that he who saw our substance when it was unfashioned sees it now that it is fashioned.

Psa 139:17-24

Here the psalmist makes application of the doctrine of God's omniscience, divers ways.

  • I. He acknowledges, with wonder and thankfulness, the care God had taken of him all his days, v. 17, 18. God, who knew him, thought of him, and his thoughts towards him were thoughts of love, thought of good, and not of evil, Jer. 29:11. God's omniscience, which might justly have watched over us to do us hurt, has been employed for us, and has watched over us to do us good, Jer. 31:28. God's counsels concerning us and our welfare have been,
    • 1. Precious to admiration: How precious are they! They are deep in themselves, such as cannot possibly be fathomed and comprehended. Providence has had a vast reach in its dispensations concerning us, and has brought things about for our good quite beyond our contrivance and foresight. They are dear to us; we must think of them with a great deal of reverence, and yet with pleasure and thankfulness. Our thoughts concerning God must be delightful to us, above any other thoughts.
    • 2. Numerous to admiration: How great is the sum of them! We cannot conceive how many God's kind counsels have been concerning us, how many good turns he has done us, and what variety of mercies we have received from him. If we would count them, the heads of them, much more the particulars of them, they are more in number than the sand, and yet every one great and very considerable, Ps. 40:5. We cannot conceive the multitude of God's compassions, which are all new every morning.
    • 3. Constant at all times: "When I awake, every morning, I am still with thee, under thy eye and care, safe and easy under thy protection.' This bespeaks also the continual devout sense David had of the eye of God upon him: When I awake I am with thee, in my thoughts; and it would help to keep us in the fear of the Lord all the day long if, when we awake in the morning, our first thoughts were of him and we did then set him before us.
  • II. He concludes from this doctrine that ruin will certainly be the end of sinners. God knows all the wickedness of the wicked, and therefore he will reckon for it: "Surely thou wilt slay the wicked, O God! for all their wickedness is open before thee, however it may be artfully disguised and coloured over, to hide it from the eye of the world. However thou suffer them to prosper for a while, surely thou wilt slay them at last.' Now observe,
    • 1. The reason why God will punish them, because they daringly affront him and set him at defiance (v. 20): They speak against thee wickedly; they set their mouth against the heavens (Ps. 73:9), and shall be called to account for the hard speeches they have spoken against him, Jude 15. They are his enemies, and declare their enmity by taking his name in vain, as we show our contempt of a man if we make a by-word of his name, and never mention him but in a way of jest and banter. Those that profane the sacred forms of swearing or praying by using them in an impertinent irreverent manner take God's name in vain, and thereby show themselves enemies to him. Some make it to be a description of hypocrites: "They speak of thee for mischief; they talk of God, pretending to piety, but it is with some ill design, for a cloak of maliciousness; and, being enemies to God, while they pretend friendship, they take his name in vain; they swear falsely.'
    • 2. The use David makes of this prospect which he has of the ruin of the wicked.
      • (1.) He defies them: "Depart from me, you bloody men; you shall not debauch me, for I will not admit your friendship nor have fellowship with you; and you cannot destroy me, for, being under God's protection, he shall force you to depart from me.'
      • (2.) He detests them (v. 21, 22): "Lord, thou knowest the heart, and canst witness for me; do not I hate those that hate thee, and for that reason, because they hate thee? I hate them because I love thee, and hate to see such affronts and indignities put upon thy blessed name. Am not I grieved with those that rise up against thee, grieved to see their rebellion and to foresee their ruin, which it will certainly end in?' Note, Sin is hated, and sinners are lamented, by all that fear God. "I hate them' (that is, "I hate the work of them that turn aside,' as he explains himself, Ps. 101:3) "with a sincere and perfect hatred; I count those that are enemies to God as enemies to me, and will not have any intimacy with them,' Ps. 69:8.
  • III. He appeals to God concerning his sincerity, v. 23, 24.
    • 1. He desires that as far as he was in the wrong God would discover it to him. Those that are upright can take comfort in God's omniscience as a witness of their uprightness, and can with a humble confidence beg of him to search and try them, to discover them to themselves (for a good man desires to know the worst of himself) and to discover them to others. He that means honestly could wish he had a window in his breast that any man may look into his heart: "Lord, I hope I am not in a wicked way, but see if there be any wicked way in me, any corrupt inclination remaining; let me see it; and root it out of me, for I do not allow it.'
    • 2. He desires that, as far as he was in the right, he might be forwarded in it, which he that knows the heart knows how to do effectually: Lead me in the way everlasting. Note,
      • (1.) The way of godliness is an everlasting way; it is everlastingly true and good, pleasing to God and profitable to us, and will end in everlasting life. It is the way of antiquity (so some), the good old way.
      • (2.) All the saints desire to be kept and led in this way, that they may not miss it, turn out of it, nor tire in it.