Worthy.Bible » Parallel » Psalms » Chapter 74 » Verse 1-23

Psalms 74:1-23 King James Version (KJV)

1 O God, why hast thou cast us off for ever? why doth thine anger smoke against the sheep of thy pasture?

2 Remember thy congregation, which thou hast purchased of old; the rod of thine inheritance, which thou hast redeemed; this mount Zion, wherein thou hast dwelt.

3 Lift up thy feet unto the perpetual desolations; even all that the enemy hath done wickedly in the sanctuary.

4 Thine enemies roar in the midst of thy congregations; they set up their ensigns for signs.

5 A man was famous according as he had lifted up axes upon the thick trees.

6 But now they break down the carved work thereof at once with axes and hammers.

7 They have cast fire into thy sanctuary, they have defiled by casting down the dwelling place of thy name to the ground.

8 They said in their hearts, Let us destroy them together: they have burned up all the synagogues of God in the land.

9 We see not our signs: there is no more any prophet: neither is there among us any that knoweth how long.

10 O God, how long shall the adversary reproach? shall the enemy blaspheme thy name for ever?

11 Why withdrawest thou thy hand, even thy right hand? pluck it out of thy bosom.

12 For God is my King of old, working salvation in the midst of the earth.

13 Thou didst divide the sea by thy strength: thou brakest the heads of the dragons in the waters.

14 Thou brakest the heads of leviathan in pieces, and gavest him to be meat to the people inhabiting the wilderness.

15 Thou didst cleave the fountain and the flood: thou driedst up mighty rivers.

16 The day is thine, the night also is thine: thou hast prepared the light and the sun.

17 Thou hast set all the borders of the earth: thou hast made summer and winter.

18 Remember this, that the enemy hath reproached, O LORD, and that the foolish people have blasphemed thy name.

19 O deliver not the soul of thy turtledove unto the multitude of the wicked: forget not the congregation of thy poor for ever.

20 Have respect unto the covenant: for the dark places of the earth are full of the habitations of cruelty.

21 O let not the oppressed return ashamed: let the poor and needy praise thy name.

22 Arise, O God, plead thine own cause: remember how the foolish man reproacheth thee daily.

23 Forget not the voice of thine enemies: the tumult of those that rise up against thee increaseth continually.


Psalms 74:1-23 King James Version with Strong's Concordance (STRONG)

1 [[Maschil H4905 of Asaph.]] H623 O God, H430 why hast thou cast us off H2186 for ever? H5331 why doth thine anger H639 smoke H6225 against the sheep H6629 of thy pasture? H4830

2 Remember H2142 thy congregation, H5712 which thou hast purchased H7069 of old; H6924 the rod H7626 of thine inheritance, H5159 which thou hast redeemed; H1350 this mount H2022 Zion, H6726 wherein thou hast dwelt. H7931

3 Lift up H7311 thy feet H6471 unto the perpetual H5331 desolations; H4876 even all that the enemy H341 hath done wickedly H7489 in the sanctuary. H6944

4 Thine enemies H6887 roar H7580 in the midst H7130 of thy congregations; H4150 they set up H7760 their ensigns H226 for signs. H226

5 A man was famous H3045 according as he had lifted up H935 H4605 axes H7134 upon the thick H5442 trees. H6086

6 But now they break down H1986 the carved work H6603 thereof at once H3162 with axes H3781 and hammers. H3597

7 They have cast H7971 fire H784 into thy sanctuary, H4720 they have defiled H2490 by casting down the dwelling place H4908 of thy name H8034 to the ground. H776

8 They said H559 in their hearts, H3820 Let us destroy H3238 them together: H3162 they have burned up H8313 all the synagogues H4150 of God H410 in the land. H776

9 We see H7200 not our signs: H226 there is no more any prophet: H5030 neither is there among us any that knoweth H3045 how long. H5704

10 O God, H430 how long shall the adversary H6862 reproach? H2778 shall the enemy H341 blaspheme H5006 thy name H8034 for ever? H5331

11 Why withdrawest H7725 thou thy hand, H3027 even thy right hand? H3225 pluck H3615 it out of H7130 thy bosom. H2436 H2436

12 For God H430 is my King H4428 of old, H6924 working H6466 salvation H3444 in the midst H7130 of the earth. H776

13 Thou didst divide H6565 the sea H3220 by thy strength: H5797 thou brakest H7665 the heads H7218 of the dragons H8577 in the waters. H4325

14 Thou brakest H7533 the heads H7218 of leviathan H3882 in pieces, and gavest H5414 him to be meat H3978 to the people H5971 inhabiting the wilderness. H6728

15 Thou didst cleave H1234 the fountain H4599 and the flood: H5158 thou driedst up H3001 mighty H386 rivers. H5104

16 The day H3117 is thine, the night H3915 also is thine: thou hast prepared H3559 the light H3974 and the sun. H8121

17 Thou hast set H5324 all the borders H1367 of the earth: H776 thou hast made H3335 summer H7019 and winter. H2779

18 Remember H2142 this, that the enemy H341 hath reproached, H2778 O LORD, H3068 and that the foolish H5036 people H5971 have blasphemed H5006 thy name. H8034

19 O deliver H5414 not the soul H5315 of thy turtledove H8449 unto the multitude H2416 of the wicked: forget H7911 not the congregation H2416 of thy poor H6041 for ever. H5331

20 Have respect H5027 unto the covenant: H1285 for the dark H4285 places of the earth H776 are full H4390 of the habitations H4999 of cruelty. H2555

21 O let not the oppressed H1790 return H7725 ashamed: H3637 let the poor H6041 and needy H34 praise H1984 thy name. H8034

22 Arise, H6965 O God, H430 plead H7378 thine own cause: H7379 remember H2142 how the foolish man H5036 reproacheth H2781 thee daily. H3117

23 Forget H7911 not the voice H6963 of thine enemies: H6887 the tumult H7588 of those that rise up H6965 against thee increaseth H5927 continually. H8548


Psalms 74:1-23 American Standard (ASV)

1 O God, why hast thou cast `us' off for ever? Why doth thine anger smoke against the sheep of thy pasture?

2 Remember thy congregation, which thou hast gotten of old, Which thou hast redeemed to be the tribe of thine inheritance; `And' mount Zion, wherein thou hast dwelt.

3 Lift up thy feet unto the perpetual ruins, All the evil that the enemy hath done in the sanctuary.

4 Thine adversaries have roared in the midst of thine assembly; They have set up their ensigns for signs.

5 They seemed as men that lifted up Axes upon a thicket of trees.

6 And now all the carved work thereof They break down with hatchet and hammers.

7 They have set thy sanctuary on fire; They have profaned the dwelling-place of thy name `by casting it' to the ground.

8 They said in their heart, Let us make havoc of them altogether: They have burned up all the synagogues of God in the land.

9 We see not our signs: There is no more any prophet; Neither is there among us any that knoweth how long.

10 How long, O God, shall the adversary reproach? Shall the enemy blaspheme thy name for ever?

11 Why drawest thou back thy hand, even thy right hand? `Pluck it' out of thy bosom `and' consume `them'.

12 Yet God is my King of old, Working salvation in the midst of the earth.

13 Thou didst divide the sea by thy strength: Thou brakest the heads of the sea-monsters in the waters.

14 Thou brakest the heads of leviathan in pieces; Thou gavest him to be food to the people inhabiting the wilderness.

15 Thou didst cleave fountain and flood: Thou driedst up mighty rivers.

16 The day is thine, the night also is thine: Thou hast prepared the light and the sun.

17 Thou hast set all the borders of the earth: Thou hast made summer and winter.

18 Remember this, that the enemy hath reproached, O Jehovah, And that a foolish people hath blasphemed thy name.

19 Oh deliver not the soul of thy turtle-dove unto the wild beast: Forget not the life of thy poor for ever.

20 Have respect unto the covenant; For the dark places of the earth are full of the habitations of violence.

21 Oh let not the oppressed return ashamed: Let the poor and needy praise thy name.

22 Arise, O God, plead thine own cause: Remember how the foolish man reproacheth thee all the day.

23 Forget not the voice of thine adversaries: The tumult of those that rise up against thee ascendeth continually. Psalm 75 For the Chief Musician; `set to' Al-tash-heth. A Psalm of Asaph; a song.


Psalms 74:1-23 Young's Literal Translation (YLT)

1 An Instruction of Asaph. Why, O God, hast Thou cast off for ever? Thine anger smoketh against the flock of Thy pasture.

2 Remember Thy company. Thou didst purchase of old, Thou didst redeem the rod of Thy inheritance, This mount Zion -- Thou didst dwell in it.

3 Lift up Thy steps to the perpetual desolations, Everything the enemy did wickedly in the sanctuary.

4 Roared have thine adversaries, In the midst of Thy meeting-places, They have set their ensigns as ensigns.

5 He is known as one bringing in on high Against a thicket of wood -- axes.

6 And now, its carvings together With axe and hatchet they break down,

7 They have sent into fire Thy sanctuary, to the earth they polluted the tabernacle of Thy name,

8 They said in their hearts, `Let us oppress them together,' They did burn all the meeting-places of God in the land.

9 Our ensigns we have not seen, There is no more a prophet, Nor with us is one knowing how long.

10 Till when, O God, doth an adversary reproach? Doth an enemy despise thy name for ever?

11 Why dost Thou turn back Thy hand, Even Thy right hand? From the midst of Thy bosom remove `it'.

12 And God `is' my king of old, Working salvation in the midst of the earth.

13 Thou hast broken by Thy strength a sea-`monster', Thou hast shivered Heads of dragons by the waters,

14 Thou hast broken the heads of leviathan, Thou makest him food, For the people of the dry places.

15 Thou hast cleaved a fountain and a stream, Thou hast dried up perennial flowings.

16 Thine `is' the day, also Thine `is' the night, Thou hast prepared a light giver -- the sun.

17 Thou hast set up all the borders of earth, Summer and winter Thou hast formed them.

18 Remember this -- an enemy reproached Jehovah, And a foolish people have despised Thy name.

19 Give not up to a company, The soul of Thy turtle-dove, The company of Thy poor ones forget not for ever.

20 Look attentively to the covenant, For the dark places of earth, Have been full of habitations of violence.

21 Let not the oppressed turn back ashamed, Let the poor and needy praise Thy name,

22 Arise, O God, plead Thy plea, Remember Thy reproach from a fool all the day.

23 Forget not the voice of Thine adversaries, The noise of Thy withstanders is going up continually!


Psalms 74:1-23 Darby English Bible (DARBY)

1 {An instruction: of Asaph.} Why, O God, hast thou cast off for ever? [why] doth thine anger smoke against the sheep of thy pasture?

2 Remember thine assembly, which thou hast purchased of old, which thou hast redeemed [to be] the portion of thine inheritance, this mount Zion, wherein thou hast dwelt.

3 Lift up thy steps unto the perpetual desolations: everything in the sanctuary hath the enemy destroyed.

4 Thine adversaries roar in the midst of thy place of assembly; they set up their signs [for] signs.

5 [A man] was known as he could lift up axes in the thicket of trees;

6 And now they break down its carved work altogether, with hatchets and hammers.

7 They have set on fire thy sanctuary, they have profaned the habitation of thy name to the ground.

8 They said in their heart, Let us destroy them together: they have burned up all ùGod's places of assembly in the land.

9 We see not our signs; there is no more any prophet, neither is there among us any that knoweth how long.

10 How long, O God, shall the adversary reproach? Shall the enemy contemn thy name for ever?

11 Why withdrawest thou thy hand, and thy right hand? [pluck it] out of thy bosom: consume [them].

12 But God is my king of old, accomplishing deliverances in the midst of the earth.

13 *Thou* didst divide the sea by thy strength; thou didst break the heads of the monsters on the waters:

14 *Thou* didst break in pieces the heads of leviathan, thou gavest him to be meat to those that people the desert.

15 *Thou* didst cleave fountain and torrent, *thou* driedst up ever-flowing rivers.

16 The day is thine, the night also is thine; *thou* hast prepared the moon and the sun:

17 *Thou* hast set all the borders of the earth; summer and winter -- *thou* didst form them.

18 Remember this, that an enemy hath reproached Jehovah, and a foolish people have contemned thy name.

19 Give not up the soul of thy turtle-dove unto the wild beast; forget not the troop of thine afflicted for ever.

20 Have respect unto the covenant; for the dark places of the earth are full of the dwellings of violence.

21 Oh let not the oppressed one return ashamed; let the afflicted and needy praise thy name.

22 Rise up, O God, plead thine own cause: remember how the foolish man reproacheth thee all the day;

23 Forget not the voice of thine adversaries: the tumult of those that rise up against thee ascendeth continually.


Psalms 74:1-23 World English Bible (WEB)

1 > God, why have you rejected us forever? Why does your anger smolder against the sheep of your pasture?

2 Remember your congregation, which you purchased of old, Which you have redeemed to be the tribe of your inheritance; Mount Zion, in which you have lived.

3 Lift up your feet to the perpetual ruins, All the evil that the enemy has done in the sanctuary.

4 Your adversaries have roared in the midst of your assembly. They have set up their standards as signs.

5 They behaved like men wielding axes, Cutting through a thicket of trees.

6 Now all its carved work They break down with hatchet and hammers.

7 They have burned your sanctuary to the ground. They have profaned the dwelling-place of your Name.

8 They said in their heart, "We will crush them completely." They have burned up all the places in the land where God was worshiped.

9 We see no miraculous signs. There is no longer any prophet, Neither is there among us anyone who knows how long.

10 How long, God, shall the adversary reproach? Shall the enemy blaspheme your name forever?

11 Why do you draw back your hand, even your right hand? Take it out of your pocket and consume them!

12 Yet God is my King of old, Working salvation in the midst of the earth.

13 You divided the sea by your strength. You broke the heads of the sea monsters in the waters.

14 You broke the heads of Leviathan in pieces. You gave him as food to people and desert creatures.

15 You opened up spring and stream. You dried up mighty rivers.

16 The day is yours, the night is also yours. You have prepared the light and the sun.

17 You have set all the boundaries of the earth. You have made summer and winter.

18 Remember this, that the enemy has mocked you, Yahweh. Foolish people have blasphemed your name.

19 Don't deliver the soul of your dove to wild beasts. Don't forget the life of your poor forever.

20 Honor your covenant, For haunts of violence fill the dark places of the earth.

21 Don't let the oppressed return ashamed. Let the poor and needy praise your name.

22 Arise, God! Plead your own cause. Remember how the foolish man mocks you all day.

23 Don't forget the voice of your adversaries. The tumult of those who rise up against you ascends continually.


Psalms 74:1-23 Bible in Basic English (BBE)

1 <Maschil. Of Asaph.> Of God, why have you put us away from you for ever? why is the fire of your wrath smoking against the sheep who are your care?

2 Keep in mind your band of worshippers, for whom you gave payment in the days which are past, whom you took for yourself as the people of your heritage; even this mountain of Zion, which has been your resting-place.

3 Go up and see the unending destruction; all the evil which your haters have done in the holy place;

4 Sending out their voices like lions among your worshippers; they have put up their signs to be seen.

5 They are cutting down, like a man whose blade is lifted up against the thick trees.

6 Your doors are broken down with hammers and iron blades.

7 They have put on fire your holy place; they have made the place of your name unclean, pulling it down to the earth.

8 They have said in their hearts, Let us put an end to them all together; they have given over to the fire all God's places of worship in the land.

9 We do not see our signs: there is no longer any prophet, or anyone among us to say how long.

10 O God, how long will those who are against us say cruel things? will the hater go on looking down on your name for ever?

11 Why are you keeping back your hand, and covering your right hand in your robe?

12 For from the past God is my King, working salvation in the earth.

13 The sea was parted in two by your strength; the heads of the great sea-beasts were broken.

14 The heads of the great snake were crushed by you; you gave them as food to the fishes of the sea.

15 You made valleys for fountains and springs; you made the ever-flowing rivers dry.

16 The day is yours and the night is yours: you made the light and the sun.

17 By you all the limits of the earth were fixed; you have made summer and winter.

18 Keep this in mind, O Lord, that your haters have said cruel things, and that your name has been looked down on by a people of evil behaviour.

19 O give not the soul of your dove to the hawk; let not the life of the poor go out of your memory for ever.

20 Keep in mind your undertaking; for the dark places of the earth are full of pride and cruel acts.

21 O let not the crushed be turned back in shame; let the low man and the poor give praise to your name.

22 Up! O God, be the judge of your cause; keep in mind the bitter things which the man of evil behaviour says against you every day.

23 Keep in mind the voice of your haters; the outcry of those who come against you goes up every day.

Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Matthew Henry Commentary » Commentary on Psalms 74

Commentary on Psalms 74 Matthew Henry Commentary


Psalm 74

This psalm does so particularly describe the destruction of Jerusalem and the temple, by Nebuchadnezzar and the army of the Chaldeans, and can so ill be applied to any other event we meet with in the Jewish history, that interpreters incline to think that either it was penned by David, or Asaph in David's time, with a prophetical reference to that sad event (which yet is not so probable), or that it was penned by another Asaph, who lived at the time of the captivity, or by Jeremiah (for it is of a piece with his Lamentations,) or some other prophet, and, after the return out of captivity, was delivered to the sons of Asaph, who were called by his name, for the public service of the church. That was the most eminent family of the singers in Ezra's time. See Ezra 2:41; 3:10; Neh. 11:17, 22; 12:35, 46. The deplorable case of the people of God at that time is here spread before the Lord, and left with him. The prophet, in the name of the church

  • I. Puts in complaining pleas of the miseries they suffered, for the quickening of their desires in prayer (v. 1-11).
  • II. He puts in comfortable pleas for the encouraging of their faith in prayer (v. 12-17).
  • III. He concludes with divers petitions to God for deliverances (v. 18-23).

In singing it we must be affected with the former desolations of the church, for we are members of the same body, and may apply it to any present distresses or desolations of any part of the Christian church.

Maschil of Asaph.

Psa 74:1-11

This psalm is entitled Maschil-a psalm to give instruction, for it was penned in a day of affliction, which is intended for instruction; and this instruction in general it gives us, That when we are, upon any account, in distress, it is our wisdom and duty to apply to God by faithful and fervent prayer, and we shall not find it in vain to do so. Three things the people of God here complain of:-

  • I. The displeasure of God against them, as that which was the cause and bitterness of all their calamities. They look above the instruments of their trouble, who, they knew, could have no power against them unless it were given them from above, and keep their eye upon God, by whose determined counsel they were delivered up into the hands of wicked and unreasonable men. Observe the liberty they take to expostulate with God (v. 1), we hope not too great a liberty, for Christ himself, upon the cross, cried out, My God my God, why hast thou forsaken me? So the church here, O God! why hast thou forsaken us for ever? Here they speak according to their present dark and melancholy apprehensions; for otherwise, Has God cast away his people? God forbid, Rom. 11:1. The people of God must not think that because they are cast down they are therefore cast off, that because men cast them off therefore God does, and that because he seems to cast them off for a time therefore they are really cast off for ever: yet this expostulation intimates that they dreaded God's casting them off more than any thing, that they desired to be owned of him, whatever they suffered from men, and were desirous to know wherefore he thus contended with them: Why does thy anger smoke? that is, why does it rise up to such a degree that all about us take notice of it, and ask, What means the heat of this great anger? Deu. 29:24. Compare v. 20, where the anger of the Lord and his jealousy are said to smoke against sinners. Observe what they plead with God, now that they lay under the tokens and apprehensions of his wrath.
    • 1. They plead their relation to him: "We are the sheep of thy pasture, the sheep wherewith thou hast been pleased to stock the pasture, thy peculiar people whom thou art pleased to set apart for thyself and design for thy own glory. That the wolves worry the sheep is not strange; but was ever any shepherd thus displeased at his own sheep? Remember, we are thy congregation (v. 2), incorporated by thee and for thee, and devoted to thy praise; we are the rod, or tribe, of thy inheritance, whom thou hast been pleased to claim a special property in above other people (Deu. 32:9), and from whom thou hast received the rents and issues of praise and worship more than from the neighbouring nations. Nay, a man's inheritance may lie at a great distance, but we are pleading for Mount Zion, wherein thou hast dwelt, which has been the place of thy peculiar delight and residence, thy demesne and mansion.'
    • 2. They plead the great things God had done for them and the vast expense he had been at upon them: "It is thy congregation, which thou hast not only made with a word's speaking, but purchased of old by many miracles of mercy when they were first formed into a people; it is thy inheritance, which thou hast redeemed when they were sold into servitude.' God gave Egypt to ruin for their ransom, gave men for them, and people for their life, Isa. 43:3, 4. "Now, Lord, wilt thou now abandon a people that cost thee so dear, and has been so dear to thee?' And, if the redemption of Israel out of Egypt was an encouragement to hope that he would not cast them off, much more reason have we to hope that God will not cast off any whom Christ has redeemed with his own blood; but the people of his purchase shall be for ever the people of his praise.
    • 3. They plead the calamitous state that they were in (v. 3): "Lift up thy feet; that is, come with speed to repair the desolations that are made in thy sanctuary, which otherwise will be perpetual an irreparable.' It has been sometimes said that the divine vengeance strikes with iron hands, yet it comes with leaden feet; and then those who wait for the day of the Lord, cry, Lord, lift up thy feet; exalt thy steps; magnify thyself in the outgoing of thy providence. When the desolations of the sanctuary have continued long we are tempted to think they will be perpetual; but it is a temptation; for God will avenge his own elect, will avenge them speedily, though he bear long with their oppressors and persecutors.
  • II. They complain of the outrage and cruelty of their enemies, not so much, no, not at all, of what they had done to the prejudice of their secular interests; here are no complaints of the burning of their cities and ravaging of their country, but only what they had done against the sanctuary and the synagogue. The concerns of religion should lie nearer our hearts and affect us more than any worldly concern whatsoever. The desolation of God's house should grieve us more than the desolation of our own houses; for the matter is not great what becomes of us and our families in this world provided God's name may be sanctified, his kingdom may come, and his will be done.
    • 1. The psalmist complains of the desolations of the sanctuary, as Daniel, ch. 9:17. The temple at Jerusalem was the dwelling-place of God's name, and therefore the sanctuary, or holy place, v. 7. In this the enemies did wickedly (v. 3), for they destroyed it in downright contempt of God and affront to him.
      • (1.) They roared in the midst of God's congregations, v. 4. There where God's faithful people attended on him with a humble reverent silence, or softly speaking, they roared in a riotous revelling manner, being elated with having made themselves masters of that sanctuary of which they had sometimes heard formidable things.
      • (2.) They set up their ensigns for signs. The banners of their army they set up in the temple (Israel's strongest castle, as long as they kept closely to God) as trophies of their victory. There, where the signs of God's presence used to be, now the enemy had set up their ensigns. This daring defiance of God and his power touched his people in a tender part.
      • (3.) They took a pride in destroying the carved work of the temple. As much as formerly men thought it an honour to lend a hand to the building of the temple, and he was thought famous that helped to fell timber for that work, so much now they valued themselves upon their agency in destroying it, v. 5, 6. Thus, as formerly those were celebrated for wise men that did service to religion, so now those are applauded as wits that help to run it down. Some read it thus: They show themselves, as one that lifts up axes on high in a thicket of trees, for so do they break down the carved work of the temple they make no more scruple of breaking down the rich wainscot of the temple than woodcutters do of hewing trees in the forest; such indignation have they at the sanctuary that the most curious carving that ever was seen is beaten down by the common soldiers without any regard had to it, either as a dedicated thing or as a piece of exquisite art.
      • (4.) They set fire to it, and so violated or destroyed it to the ground, v. 7. The Chaldeans burnt the house of God, that stately costly fabric, 2 Chr. 36:19. And the Romans left not there one stone upon another (Mt. 24:2), rasing it, rasing it, even to the foundations, till Zion, the holy mountain, was, by Titus Vespasian, ploughed as a field.
    • 2. He complains of the desolations of the synagogues, or schools of the prophets, which, before the captivity, were in use, though much more afterwards. There God's word was read and expounded, and his name praised and called upon, without altars or sacrifices. These also they had a spite to (v. 8): Let us destroy them together; not only the temple, but all the places of religious worship and the worshippers with them. Let us destroy them together; let them be consumed in the same flame. Pursuant to this impious resolve they burnt up all the synagogues of God in the land and laid them all waste. So great was their rage against religion that the religious houses, because religious, were all levelled with the ground, that God's worshippers might not glorify God, and edify one another, by meeting in solemn assemblies.
  • III. The great aggravation of all these calamities was that they had no prospect at all of relief, nor could they foresee an end of them (v. 9): "We see our enemy's sign set up in the sanctuary, but we see not our signs, none of the tokens of God's presence, no hopeful indications of approaching deliverance. There is no more any prophet to tell us how long the trouble will last and when things concerning us shall have an end, that the hope of an issue at last may support us under our troubles.' In the captivity in Babylon they had prophets, and had been told how long the captivity should continue, but the day was cloudy and dark (Eze. 34:12), and they had not as yet the comfort of these gracious discoveries. God spoke once, yea, twice, good words and comfortable words, but they perceived them not. Observe, They do not complain, "We see not our armies; there are no men of war to command our forces, nor any to go forth with our hosts;' but, "no prophets, none to tell us how long.' This puts them upon expostulating with God, as delaying,
    • 1. To assert his honour (v. 10): How long shall the adversary reproach and blaspheme thy name? In the desolations of the sanctuary our chief concern should be for the glory of God, that it may not be injured by the blasphemies of those who persecute his people for his sake, because they are his; and therefore our enquiry should be, not "How long shall we be troubled?' but "How long shall God be blasphemed?'
    • 2. To exert his power (v. 11): "Why withdrawest thou thy hand, and dost not stretch it out, to deliver thy people and destroy thy enemies? Pluck it out of thy bosom, and be not as a man astonished, as a mighty man that cannot save, or will not,' Jer. 14:9. When the power of enemies is most threatening it is comfortable to fly to the power of God.

Psa 74:12-17

The lamenting church fastens upon something here which she calls to mind, and therefore hath she hope (as Lam. 3:21), with which she encourages herself and silences her own complaints. Two things quiet the minds of those that are here sorrowing for the solemn assembly:-

  • I. That God is the God of Israel, a God in covenant with his people (v. 12): God is my King of old. This comes in both as a plea in prayer to God (Ps. 44:4, thou art my King, O God!) and as a prop to their own faith and hope, to encourage themselves to expect deliverance, considering the days of old, Ps. 77:5. The church speaks as a complex body, the same in every age, and therefore calls God, "My King, my King of old,' or, "from antiquity;' he of old put himself into that relation to them and appeared and acted for them in that relation. As Israel's King, he wrought salvation in the midst of the nations of the earth; for what he did, in the government of the world, tended towards the salvation of his church. Several things are here mentioned which God had done for his people as their King of old, which encouraged them to commit themselves to him and depend upon him.
    • 1. He had divided the sea before them when they came out of Egypt, not by the strength of Moses or his rod, but by his own strength; and he that could do that could do any thing.
    • 2. He had destroyed Pharaoh and the Egyptians. Pharaoh was the leviathan; the Egyptians were the dragons, fierce and cruel. Observe,
      • (1.) The victory obtained over these enemies. God broke their heads, baffled their politics, as when Israel, the more they were afflicted by them, multiplied the more. God crushed their powers, though complicated, ruined their country by ten plagues, and at last drowned them all in the Red Sea. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, Eze. 31:18. It was the Lord's doing; none besides could do it, and he did it with a strong hand and an outstretched arm. This was typical of Christ's victory over Satan and his kingdom, pursuant to the first promise, that the seed of the woman should break the serpent's head.
      • (2.) The improvement of this victory for the encouragement of the church: Thou gavest him to be meat to the people of Israel, now going to inhabit the wilderness. The spoil of the Egyptians enriched them; they stripped their slain, and so got the Egyptians' arms and weapons, as before they had got their jewels. Or, rather, this providence was meat to their faith and hope, to support and encourage them in reference to the other difficulties they were likely to meet with in the wilderness. It was part of the spiritual meat which they were all made to eat of. Note, The breaking of the heads of the church's enemies is the joy and strength of the hearts of the church's friends. Thus the companions make a banquet even of leviathan, Job 41:6.
    • 3. God had both ways altered the course of nature, both in fetching streams out of the rock and turning streams into rock, v. 15.
      • (1.) He had dissolved the rock into waters: Thou didst bring out the fountain and the flood (so some read it); and every one knows whence it was brought, out of the rock, out of the flinty rock. Let this never be forgotten, but let it especially be remembered that the rock was Christ, and the waters out of it were spiritual drink.
      • (2.) He had congealed the waters into rock: Thou driedst up mighty rapid rivers, Jordan particularly at the time when it overflowed all its banks. He that did these things could now deliver his oppressed people, and break the yoke of the oppressors, as he had done formerly; nay, he would do it, for his justice and goodness, his wisdom and truth, are still the same, as well as his power.
  • II. That the God of Israel is the God of nature, v. 16, 17. It is he that orders the regular successions and revolutions,
    • 1. Of day and night. He is the Lord of all time. The evening and the morning are of his ordaining. It is he that opens the eyelids of the morning light, and draws the curtains of the evening shadow. He has prepared the moon and the sun (so some read it), the two great lights, to rule by day and by night alternately. The preparing of them denotes their constant readiness and exact observance of their time, which they never miss a moment.
    • 2. Of summer and winter: "Thou hast appointed all the bounds of the earth, and the different climates of its several regions, for thou hast made summer and winter, the frigid and the torrid zones; or, rather, the constant revolutions of the year and its several seasons.' Herein we are to acknowledge God, from whom all the laws and powers of nature are derived; but how does this come in here?
      • (1.) He that had power at first to settle, and still to preserve, this course of nature by the diurnal and annual motions of the heavenly bodies, has certainly all power both to save and to destroy, and with him nothing is impossible, nor are any difficulties or oppositions insuperable.
      • (2.) He that is faithful to his covenant with the day and with the night, and preserves the ordinances of heaven inviolable will certainly make good his promise to his people and never cast off those whom he has chosen, Jer. 31:35, 36; 33:20, 21. His covenant with Abraham and his seed is as firm as that with Noah and his sons, Gen. 8:21.
      • (3.) Day and night, summer and winter, being counterchanged in the course of nature, throughout all the borders of the earth, we can expect no other than that trouble and peace, prosperity and adversity, should be, in like manner, counterchanged in all the borders of the church. We have as much reason to expect affliction as to expect night and winter. But we have then no more reason to despair of the return of comfort than we have to despair of day and summer.

Psa 74:18-23

The psalmist here, in the name of the church, most earnestly begs that God would appear fro them against their enemies, and put an end to their present troubles. To encourage his own faith, he interests God in this matter (v. 22): Arise, O God! plead thy own cause. This we may be sure he will do, for he is jealous for his own honour; whatever is his own cause he will plead it with a strong hand, will appear against those that oppose it and with and for those that cordially espouse it. He will arise and plead it, though for a time he seems to neglect it; he will stir up himself, will manifest himself, will do his own work in his own time. Note, The cause of religion is God's own cause and he will certainly plead it. Now, to make it out that the cause is God's, he pleads,

  • I. That the persecutors are God's sworn enemies: "Lord, they have not only abused us, but they have been, and are, abusive to thee; what is done against us, for thy sake, does, by consequence, reflect upon thee. But that is not all; they have directly and immediately reproached thee, and blasphemed thy name,' v. 18. This was that which they roared in the sanctuary; they triumphed as if they had now got the mastery of the God is Israel, of whom they had heard such great things. As nothing grieves the saints more than to hear God's name blasphemed, so nothing encourages them more to hope that God will appear against their enemies than when they have arrived at such a pitch of wickedness as to reproach God himself; this fills the measure of their sins apace and hastens their ruin. The psalmist insists much upon this: "We dare not answer their reproaches; Lord, do thou answer them. Remember that the foolish people have blasphemed thy name (v. 18) and that still the foolish man reproaches thee daily.' Observe the character of those that reproach God; they are foolish. As atheism is folly (Ps. 14:1), profaneness and blasphemy are no less so. Perhaps those are cried up as the wits of the age that ridicule religion and sacred things; but really they are the greatest fools, and will shortly be made to appear so before all the world. And yet see their malice-They reproach God daily, as constantly as his faithful worshippers pray to him and praise him; see their impudence-They do not hide their blasphemous thoughts in their own bosoms, but proclaim them with a loud voice (forget not the voice of thy enemies, v. 23), and this with a daring defiance of divine justice; they rise up against thee, and by their blasphemies even wage war with heaven and take up arms against the Almighty. Their noise and tumult ascend continually (so some), as the cry of Sodom came up before God, calling for vengeance, Gen. 18:21. It increases continually (so we read it); they grow worse and worse, and are hardened in their impieties by their successes. Now, Lord, remember this; do not forget it. God needs not to be put in remembrance by us of what he has to do, but thus we must show our concern for his honour and believe that he will vindicate us.
  • II. That the persecuted are his covenant-people.
    • 1. See what distress they are in. They have fallen into the hands of the multitude of the wicked, v. 19. How are those increased that trouble them! There is no standing before an enraged multitude, especially like these, armed with power; and, as they are numerous, so they are barbarous: The dark places of the earth are full of the habitations of cruelty. The land of the Chaldeans, where there was none of the light of the knowledge of the true God (though otherwise it was famed for learning and arts), was indeed a dark place; the inhabitants of it were alienated from the life of God through the ignorance that was in them, and therefore they were cruel: where there was no true divinity there was scarcely to be found common humanity. They were especially cruel to the people of God; certainly those have no knowledge who eat them up, Ps. 14:4. They are oppressed (v. 21) because they are poor and unable to help themselves; they are oppressed, and so impoverished and made poor.
    • 2. See what reason they had to hope that God would appear for their relief and not suffer them to be always thus trampled upon. Observe how the psalmist pleads with God for them.
      • (1.) "It is thy turtle-dove that is ready to be swallowed up by the multitude of the wicked,' v. 19. The church is a dove for harmlessness and mildness, innocency and inoffensiveness, purity and fruitfulness, a dove for mournfulness in a day of distress, a turtle-dove for fidelity and the constancy of love: turtle-doves and pigeons were the only fowls that were offered in sacrifice to God. "Shall thy turtle-dove, that is true to thee and devoted to thy honour, be delivered, its life and soul and all, into the hand of the multitude of the wicked, to whom it will soon become an easy and acceptable prey? Lord, it will be thy honour to help the weak, especially to help thy own.'
      • (2.) "It is the congregation of thy poor, and they are not the less thine for their being poor (for God has chosen the poor of this world, Jam. 2:5), but they have the more reason to expect thou wilt appear for them because they are many: it is the congregation of thy poor; let them not be abandoned and forgotten for ever.'
      • (3.) "They are in covenant with thee; and wilt thou not have respect unto the covenant? v. 20. Wilt thou not perform the promises thou hast, in thy covenant, made to them? Wilt thou not own those whom thou hast brought into the bond of the covenant?' When God delivers his people it is in remembrance of his covenant, Lev. 26:42. "Lord, though we are unworthy to be respected, yet have respect to the covenant.'
      • (4.) "They trust in thee, and boast of their relation to thee and expectations from thee. O let not them return ashamed of their hope (v. 21), as they will be if they be disappointed.'
      • (5.) "If thou deliver them, they will praise thy name and give thee the glory of their deliverance. Appear, Lord, for those that will praise thy name, against those that blaspheme it.'