1 Chronicles 28:1 King James Version with Strong's Concordance (STRONG)

- Read this chapter

¹ And David ^H1732 assembled ^H6950 all the princes ^H8269 of Israel, ^H3478 the princes ^H8269 of the tribes, ^H7626 and the captains ^H8269 of the companies ^H4256 that ministered ^H8334 to the king ^H4428 by course, ^H4256 and the captains ^H8269 over the thousands, ^H505 and captains ^H8269 over the hundreds, ^H3967 and the stewards ^H8269 over all the substance ^H7399 and possession ^H4735 of the king, ^H4428 and of his sons, ^H1121 with the officers, ^H5631 and with the mighty men, ^H1368 and with all the valiant men, ^H2428 unto Jerusalem. ^H3389

Cross Reference

1 Chronicles 11:10-47 STRONG

KJV ASV YLT DARBY WEB BBE

These also are the chief ^H7218 of the mighty men ^H1368 whom David ^H1732 had, who strengthened ^H2388 themselves with him in his kingdom, ^H4438 and with all Israel, ^H3478 to make him king, ^H4427 according to the word ^H1697 of the LORD ^H3068 concerning Israel. ^H3478 And this is the number ^H4557 of the mighty men ^H1368 whom David ^H1732 had; Jashobeam, ^H3434 an Hachmonite, ^H2453 the chief ^H7218 of the captains: ^H7991 ^H7970 he lifted up ^H5782 his spear ^H2595 against three ^H7969 hundred ^H3967 slain ^H2491 by him at one ^H259 time. ^H6471 And after ^H310 him was Eleazar ^H499 the son ^H1121 of Dodo, ^H1734 the Ahohite, ^H266 who was one of the three ^H7969 mighties. ^H1368 He was with David ^H1732 at Pasdammim, ^H6450 and there the Philistines ^H6430 were gathered together ^H622 to battle, ^H4421 where was a parcel ^H2513 of ground ^H7704 full ^H4392 of barley; ^H8184 and the people ^H5971 fled ^H5127 from before ^H6440 the Philistines. ^H6430 And they set ^H3320 themselves in the midst ^H8432 of that parcel, ^H2513 and delivered ^H5337 it, and slew ^H5221 the Philistines; ^H6430 and the LORD ^H3068 saved ^H3467 them by a great ^H1419 deliverance. ^H8668 Now three ^H7969 of the thirty ^H7970 captains ^H7218 went down ^H3381 to the rock ^H6697 to David, ^H1732 into the cave ^H4631 of Adullam; ^H5725 and the host ^H4264 of the Philistines ^H6430 encamped ^H2583 in the valley ^H6010 of Rephaim. ^H7497 And David ^H1732 was then in the hold, ^H4686 and the Philistines' ^H6430 garrison ^H5333 was then at Bethlehem. ^H1035 And David ^H1732 longed, ^H183 and said, ^H559 Oh that one would give me drink ^H8248 of the water ^H4325 of the well ^H953 of Bethlehem, ^H1035 that is at the gate! ^H8179 And the three ^H7969 brake through ^H1234 the host ^H4264 of the Philistines, ^H6430 and drew ^H7579 water ^H4325 out of the well ^H953 of Bethlehem, ^H1035 that was by the gate, ^H8179 and took ^H5375 it, and brought ^H935 it to David: ^H1732 but David ^H1732 would ^H14 not drink ^H8354 of it, but poured it out ^H5258 to the LORD, ^H3068 And said, ^H559 My God ^H430 forbid ^H2486 it me, that I should do ^H6213 this thing: ^H2063 shall I drink ^H8354 the blood ^H1818 of these men ^H582 that have put their lives in jeopardy? ^H5315 for with the jeopardy of their lives ^H5315 they brought ^H935 it. Therefore he would ^H14 not drink ^H8354 it. These things did ^H6213 these three ^H7969 mightiest. ^H1368 And Abishai ^H52 the brother ^H251 of Joab, ^H3097 he was chief ^H7218 of the three: ^H7969 for lifting up ^H5782 his spear ^H2595 against three ^H7969 hundred, ^H3967 he slew ^H2491 them, and had a name ^H8034 among the three. ^H7969 Of the three, ^H7969 he was more honourable ^H3513 than the two; ^H8147 for he was their captain: ^H8269 howbeit he attained ^H935 not to the first three. ^H7969 Benaiah ^H1141 the son ^H1121 of Jehoiada, ^H3077 the son ^H1121 of a valiant ^H2428 man ^H376 of Kabzeel, ^H6909 who had done many ^H7227 acts; ^H6467 he slew ^H5221 two ^H8147 lionlike men ^H739 of Moab: ^H4124 also he went down ^H3381 and slew ^H5221 a lion ^H738 in ^H8432 a pit ^H953 in a snowy ^H7950 day. ^H3117 And he slew ^H5221 an Egyptian, ^H4713 a man ^H376 of great stature, ^H4060 five ^H2568 cubits ^H520 high; and in the Egyptian's ^H4713 hand ^H3027 was a spear ^H2595 like a weaver's ^H707 beam; ^H4500 and he went down ^H3381 to him with a staff, ^H7626 and plucked ^H1497 the spear ^H2595 out of the Egyptian's ^H4713 hand, ^H3027 and slew ^H2026 him with his own spear. ^H2595 These things did ^H6213 Benaiah ^H1141 the son ^H1121 of Jehoiada, ^H3077 and had the name ^H8034 among the three ^H7969 mighties. ^H1368 Behold, ^H2009 he was honourable ^H3513 among the thirty, ^H7970 but attained ^H935 not to the first three: ^H7969 and David ^H1732 set ^H7760 him over his guard. ^H4928 Also the valiant men ^H1368 of the armies ^H2428 were, Asahel ^H6214 the brother ^H251 of Joab, ^H3097 Elhanan ^H445 the son ^H1121 of Dodo ^H1734 of Bethlehem, ^H1035 Shammoth ^H8054 the Harorite, ^H2033 Helez ^H2503 the Pelonite, ^H6397 Ira ^H5896 the son ^H1121 of Ikkesh ^H6142 the Tekoite, ^H8621 Abiezer ^H44 the Antothite, ^H6069 Sibbecai ^H5444 the Hushathite, ^H2843 Ilai ^H5866 the Ahohite, ^H266 Maharai ^H4121 the Netophathite, ^H5200 Heled ^H2466 the son ^H1121 of Baanah ^H1196 the Netophathite, ^H5200 Ithai ^H863 the son ^H1121 of Ribai ^H7380 of Gibeah, ^H1390 that pertained to the children ^H1121 of Benjamin, ^H1144 Benaiah ^H1141 the Pirathonite, ^H6553 Hurai ^H2360 of the brooks ^H5158 of Gaash, ^H1608 Abiel ^H22 the Arbathite, ^H6164 Azmaveth ^H5820 the Baharumite, ^H978 Eliahba ^H455 the Shaalbonite, ^H8170 The sons ^H1121 of Hashem ^H2044 the Gizonite, ^H1493 Jonathan ^H3129 the son ^H1121 of Shage ^H7681 the Hararite, ^H2043 Ahiam ^H279 the son ^H1121 of Sacar ^H7940 the Hararite, ^H2043 Eliphal ^H465 the son ^H1121 of Ur, ^H218 Hepher ^H2660 the Mecherathite, ^H4382 Ahijah ^H281 the Pelonite, ^H6397 Hezro ^H2695 the Carmelite, ^H3761 Naarai ^H5293 the son ^H1121 of Ezbai, ^H229 Joel ^H3100 the brother ^H251 of Nathan, ^H5416 Mibhar ^H4006 the son ^H1121 of Haggeri, ^H1905 Zelek ^H6768 the Ammonite, ^H5984 Naharai ^H5171 the Berothite, ^H1307 the armourbearer ^H5375 ^H3627 of Joab ^H3097 the son ^H1121 of Zeruiah, ^H6870 Ira ^H5896 the Ithrite, ^H3505 Gareb ^H1619 the Ithrite, ^H3505 Uriah ^H223 the Hittite, ^H2850 Zabad ^H2066 the son ^H1121 of Ahlai, ^H304 Adina ^H5721 the son ^H1121 of Shiza ^H7877 the Reubenite, ^H7206 a captain ^H7218 of the Reubenites, ^H7206 and thirty ^H7970 with him, Hanan ^H2605 the son ^H1121 of Maachah, ^H4601 and Joshaphat ^H3146 the Mithnite, ^H4981 Uzzia ^H5814 the Ashterathite, ^H6254 Shama ^H8091 and Jehiel ^H3273 the sons ^H1121 of Hothan ^H2369 the Aroerite, ^H6200 Jediael ^H3043 the son ^H1121 of Shimri, ^H8113 and Joha ^H3109 his brother, ^H251 the Tizite, ^H8491 Eliel ^H447 the Mahavite, ^H4233 and Jeribai, ^H3403 and Joshaviah, ^H3145 the sons ^H1121 of Elnaam, ^H493 and Ithmah ^H3495 the Moabite, ^H4125 Eliel, ^H447 and Obed, ^H5744 and Jasiel ^H3300 the Mesobaite. ^H4677

1 Chronicles 23:2 STRONG

KJV ASV YLT DARBY WEB BBE

And he gathered together ^H622 all the princes ^H8269 of Israel, ^H3478 with the priests ^H3548 and the Levites. ^H3881

Joshua 23:2 STRONG

KJV ASV YLT DARBY WEB BBE

And Joshua ^H3091 called ^H7121 for all Israel, ^H3478 and for their elders, ^H2205 and for their heads, ^H7218 and for their judges, ^H8199 and for their officers, ^H7860 and said ^H559 unto them, I am old ^H2204 and stricken ^H935 in age: ^H3117

Joshua 24:1 STRONG

KJV ASV YLT DARBY WEB BBE

And Joshua ^H3091 gathered ^H622 all the tribes ^H7626 of Israel ^H3478 to Shechem, ^H7927 and called ^H7121 for the elders ^H2205 of Israel, ^H3478 and for their heads, ^H7218 and for their judges, ^H8199 and for their officers; ^H7860 and they presented ^H3320 themselves before ^H6440 God. ^H430

1 Chronicles 27:1-34 STRONG

KJV ASV YLT DARBY WEB BBE

Now the children ^H1121 of Israel ^H3478 after their number, ^H4557 to wit, the chief ^H7218 fathers ^H1 and captains ^H8269 of thousands ^H505 and hundreds, ^H3967 and their officers ^H7860 that served ^H8334 the king ^H4428 in any matter ^H1697 of the courses, ^H4256 which came in ^H935 and went out ^H3318 month ^H2320 by month ^H2320 throughout all the months ^H2320 of the year, ^H8141 of every ^H259 course ^H4256 were twenty ^H6242 and four ^H702 thousand. ^H505 Over the first ^H7223 course ^H4256 for the first ^H7223 month ^H2320 was Jashobeam ^H3434 the son ^H1121 of Zabdiel: ^H2068 and in his course ^H4256 were twenty ^H6242 and four ^H702 thousand. ^H505 Of the children ^H1121 of Perez ^H6557 was the chief ^H7218 of all the captains ^H8269 of the host ^H6635 for the first ^H7223 month. ^H2320 And over the course ^H4256 of the second ^H8145 month ^H2320 was Dodai ^H1737 an Ahohite, ^H266 and of his course ^H4256 was Mikloth ^H4732 also the ruler: ^H5057 in his course ^H4256 likewise were twenty ^H6242 and four ^H702 thousand. ^H505 The third ^H7992 captain ^H8269 of the host ^H6635 for the third ^H7992 month ^H2320 was Benaiah ^H1141 the son ^H1121 of Jehoiada, ^H3077 a chief ^H7218 priest: ^H3548 and in his course ^H4256 were twenty ^H6242 and four ^H702 thousand. ^H505 This is that Benaiah, ^H1141 who was mighty ^H1368 among the thirty, ^H7970 and above the thirty: ^H7970 and in his course ^H4256 was Ammizabad ^H5990 his son. ^H1121 The fourth ^H7243 captain for the fourth ^H7243 month ^H2320 was Asahel ^H6214 the brother ^H251 of Joab, ^H3097 and Zebadiah ^H2069 his son ^H1121 after ^H310 him: and in his course ^H4256 were twenty ^H6242 and four ^H702 thousand. ^H505 The fifth ^H2549 captain ^H8269 for the fifth ^H2549 month ^H2320 was Shamhuth ^H8049 the Izrahite: ^H3155 and in his course ^H4256 were twenty ^H6242 and four ^H702 thousand. ^H505 The sixth ^H8345 captain for the sixth ^H8345 month ^H2320 was Ira ^H5896 the son ^H1121 of Ikkesh ^H6142 the Tekoite: ^H8621 and in his course ^H4256 were twenty ^H6242 and four ^H702 thousand. ^H505 The seventh ^H7637 captain for the seventh ^H7637 month ^H2320 was Helez ^H2503 the Pelonite, ^H6397 of the children ^H1121 of Ephraim: ^H669 and in his course ^H4256 were twenty ^H6242 and four ^H702 thousand. ^H505 The eighth ^H8066 captain for the eighth ^H8066 month ^H2320 was Sibbecai ^H5444 the Hushathite, ^H2843 of the Zarhites: ^H2227 and in his course ^H4256 were twenty ^H6242 and four ^H702 thousand. ^H505 The ninth ^H8671 captain for the ninth ^H8671 month ^H2320 was Abiezer ^H44 the Anetothite, ^H6069 of the Benjamites: ^H1145 and in his course ^H4256 were twenty ^H6242 and four ^H702 thousand. ^H505 The tenth ^H6224 captain for the tenth ^H6224 month ^H2320 was Maharai ^H4121 the Netophathite, ^H5200 of the Zarhites: ^H2227 and in his course ^H4256 were twenty ^H6242 and four ^H702 thousand. ^H505 The eleventh ^H6249 ^H6240 captain for the eleventh ^H6249 ^H6240 month ^H2320 was Benaiah ^H1141 the Pirathonite, ^H6553 of the children ^H1121 of Ephraim: ^H669 and in his course ^H4256 were twenty ^H6242 and four ^H702 thousand. ^H505 The twelfth ^H8147 ^H6240 captain for the twelfth ^H8147 ^H6240 month ^H2320 was Heldai ^H2469 the Netophathite, ^H5200 of Othniel: ^H6274 and in his course ^H4256 were twenty ^H6242 and four ^H702 thousand. ^H505 Furthermore over the tribes ^H7626 of Israel: ^H3478 the ruler ^H5057 of the Reubenites ^H7206 was Eliezer ^H461 the son ^H1121 of Zichri: ^H2147 of the Simeonites, ^H8099 Shephatiah ^H8203 the son ^H1121 of Maachah: ^H4601 Of the Levites, ^H3881 Hashabiah ^H2811 the son ^H1121 of Kemuel: ^H7055 of the Aaronites, ^H175 Zadok: ^H6659 Of Judah, ^H3063 Elihu, ^H453 one of the brethren ^H251 of David: ^H1732 of Issachar, ^H3485 Omri ^H6018 the son ^H1121 of Michael: ^H4317 Of Zebulun, ^H2074 Ishmaiah ^H3460 the son ^H1121 of Obadiah: ^H5662 of Naphtali, ^H5321 Jerimoth ^H3406 the son ^H1121 of Azriel: ^H5837 Of the children ^H1121 of Ephraim, ^H669 Hoshea ^H1954 the son ^H1121 of Azaziah: ^H5812 of the half ^H2677 tribe ^H7626 of Manasseh, ^H4519 Joel ^H3100 the son ^H1121 of Pedaiah: ^H6305 Of the half ^H2677 tribe of Manasseh ^H4519 in Gilead, ^H1568 Iddo ^H3035 the son ^H1121 of Zechariah: ^H2148 of Benjamin, ^H1144 Jaasiel ^H3300 the son ^H1121 of Abner: ^H74 Of Dan, ^H1835 Azareel ^H5832 the son ^H1121 of Jeroham. ^H3395 These were the princes ^H8269 of the tribes ^H7626 of Israel. ^H3478 But David ^H1732 took ^H5375 not the number ^H4557 of them from twenty ^H6242 years ^H8141 old ^H1121 and under: ^H4295 because the LORD ^H3068 had said ^H559 he would increase ^H7235 Israel ^H3478 like to the stars ^H3556 of the heavens. ^H8064 Joab ^H3097 the son ^H1121 of Zeruiah ^H6870 began ^H2490 to number, ^H4487 but he finished ^H3615 not, because there fell wrath ^H7110 for it ^H2063 against Israel; ^H3478 neither was the number ^H4557 put ^H5927 in the account ^H4557 of the chronicles ^H1697 ^H3117 of king ^H4428 David. ^H1732 And over the king's ^H4428 treasures ^H214 was Azmaveth ^H5820 the son ^H1121 of Adiel: ^H5717 and over the storehouses ^H214 in the fields, ^H7704 in the cities, ^H5892 and in the villages, ^H3723 and in the castles, ^H4026 was Jehonathan ^H3083 the son ^H1121 of Uzziah: ^H5818 And over them that did ^H6213 the work ^H4399 of the field ^H7704 for tillage ^H5656 of the ground ^H127 was Ezri ^H5836 the son ^H1121 of Chelub: ^H3620 And over the vineyards ^H3754 was Shimei ^H8096 the Ramathite: ^H7435 over the increase of the vineyards ^H3754 for the wine ^H3196 cellars ^H214 was Zabdi ^H2067 the Shiphmite: ^H8225 And over the olive trees ^H2132 and the sycomore trees ^H8256 that were in the low plains ^H8219 was Baalhanan ^H1177 the Gederite: ^H1451 and over the cellars ^H214 of oil ^H8081 was Joash: ^H3135 And over the herds ^H1241 that fed ^H7462 in Sharon ^H8289 was Shitrai ^H7861 the Sharonite: ^H8290 and over the herds ^H1241 that were in the valleys ^H6010 was Shaphat ^H8202 the son ^H1121 of Adlai: ^H5724 Over the camels ^H1581 also was Obil ^H179 the Ishmaelite: ^H3459 and over the asses ^H860 was Jehdeiah ^H3165 the Meronothite: ^H4824 And over the flocks ^H6629 was Jaziz ^H3151 the Hagerite. ^H1905 All these were the rulers ^H8269 of the substance ^H7399 which was king ^H4428 David's. ^H1732 Also Jonathan ^H3083 David's ^H1732 uncle ^H1730 was a counsellor, ^H3289 a wise ^H995 man, ^H376 and a scribe: ^H5608 and Jehiel ^H3171 the son ^H1121 of Hachmoni ^H2453 was with the king's ^H4428 sons: ^H1121 And Ahithophel ^H302 was the king's ^H4428 counsellor: ^H3289 and Hushai ^H2365 the Archite ^H757 was the king's ^H4428 companion: ^H7453 And after ^H310 Ahithophel ^H302 was Jehoiada ^H3077 the son ^H1121 of Benaiah, ^H1141 and Abiathar: ^H54 and the general ^H8269 of the king's ^H4428 army ^H6635 was Joab. ^H3097

Commentary on 1 Chronicles 28 Keil & Delitzsch Commentary

Matthew Henry John Gill Robert Jamieson: Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible

Introduction

David's Last Directions, and His Death - 1 Chronicles 28-29

In order to give over the throne before his death to his son Solomon, and so secure to him the succession, and facilitate his accomplishment of the great work of his reign, the building of the temple, David summoned the estates of his kingdom, the court officials, and the heroes of the people in Jerusalem. In a solemn address he designated Solomon as his divinely chosen successor on the throne, and exhorted him to keep the commandments of God, to serve the Lord with devoted heart, and to build Him a house for a sanctuary (1 Chronicles 28:1-10). He then committed to Solomon the sketches and plans for the sacred buildings and sacred objects of various sorts, with the confident promise that he, by the help of God, and with the co-operation of the priests and of the people, would complete the work (1 Chronicles 28:11-21). Finally, he announced, in the presence of the whole assembly, that he gave over his treasures of gold and silver to this building, and called upon the chiefs of the people and kingdom for a voluntary contribution for the same purpose; and on their freely answering this call, concluded with a solemn prayer of thanks, to which the whole assembly responded, bowing low before God and the king (29:1-20). This reverence they confirmed by numerous burnt-offerings and thank-offerings, and by the repeated anointing of Solomon to be king (1 Chronicles 29:21 and 1 Chronicles 29:22).

Verses 1-10

David summoned the estates of the kingdom, and presented Solomon to them as his divinely chosen successor on the throne.

1 Chronicles 28:1

“All the princes of Israel” is the general designation, which is then specialized. In it are included the princes of the tribes who are enumerated in 1 Chronicles 27:16-22, and the princes of the divisions which served the king, who are enumerated in 1 Chronicles 27:1-15; the princes of thousands and hundreds are the chiefs and captains of the twelve army corps (1 Chronicles 27:1), who are subordinate to the princes of the host: the princes of all the substance and possessions of the king are the managers of the domains enumerated in 1 Chronicles 27:25-31. וּלבניו is added to למּלך , “of the king and of his sons,” because the possession of the king as a property belonging to the house ( domanium ) belonged also to his sons. The Vulg. incorrectly translates לבניו filiosque suos , for in this connection ל cannot be nota accus . הסּריסים עם , with (together with) the court officials. סריסים are not eunuchs, but royal chamberlains, as in 1 Samuel 8:15; see on Genesis 37:36. הגּבּורים has been well translated by the lxx τοὺς δυνάστας , for here the word does not denote properly or merely war heroes, but powerful influential men in general, who did not occupy any special public or court office. In חיל וּלכל־גּבּור all the others who were present in the assembly are comprehended.

1 Chronicles 28:2

The king rose to his feet, in order to speak to the assembly standing; till then he had, on account of his age and feebleness, sat, not lain in bed, as Kimchi and others infer from 1 Kings 1.

1 Chronicles 28:3-7

The address, “My brethren and my people,” is expressive of condescending goodwill; cf. on אחי , 1 Samuel 30:23; 2 Samuel 19:13. What David here says (1 Chronicles 28:3-7) of the temple building, he had in substance already (1 Chronicles 22:7-13) said to his son Solomon: I, it was with my heart, i.e., I purposed (cf. 1 Chronicles 22:7) to build a house of rest for the ark of the covenant of Jahve, and the footstool of the feet of our God, i.e., for the ark and for the capporeth upon it, which is called “footstool of the feet of our God,” because God was enthroned above the cherubim upon the capporeth. “And I have prepared to build,” i.e., prepared labour and materials, 1 Chronicles 22:2-4 and 1 Chronicles 22:14.; on 1 Chronicles 28:3, cf. 1 Chronicles 22:8. - In 1 Chronicles 28:4 David states how his election to be king was of God, who had chosen Judah to be ruler (cf. 1 Chronicles 5:2); and just so (1 Chronicles 28:5, 1 Chronicles 28:6) had God chosen Solomon from among all his many sons to be heir to the throne, and committed to him the building of the temple; cf. 1 Chronicles 22:10. The expression, “throne of the kingdom of Jahve,” and more briefly, “throne of Jahve” (1 Chronicles 29:23, or מלכוּתי , 1 Chronicles 17:14), denotes that Jahve is the true King of Israel, and had chosen Solomon as He had chosen David to be holder and administrator of His kingdom dominion. - On 1 Chronicles 22:6 and 1 Chronicles 22:7, cf. 1 Chronicles 22:10 and 1 Chronicles 17:11.; and with the condition וגו יחזק אם , cf. 1 Kings 3:14; 1 Kings 9:4, where God imposes an exactly similar condition on Solomon. הזּה כּיּום , as is done at this time; cf. 1 Kings 8:61, and the commentary on Deuteronomy 2:30. On this speech J. H. Mich. well remarks: “ tota haec narratio aptata est ad prospositum Davidis: vult enim Salomoni auctoritatem apud principes et fratres conciliare, ostendendo, non humana, sed divina voluntate electum esse, ” To this David adds an exhortation to the whole assembly (1 Chronicles 28:8), and to his son Solomon (1 Chronicles 28:9), to hold fast their faithfulness to God.

1 Chronicles 28:8-10

“And now before the eyes of all Israel, of the congregation of Jahve (collected in their representatives), and into the ears of our God (so that God should hear as witness), ( scil. I exhort you), observe and seek ... that ye may possess (that is, keep as possession) the good land (cf. Deuteronomy 4:21.), and leave it to your sons after you for an inheritance” (cf. Leviticus 25:46). - In 1 Chronicles 28:9 he turns to his son Solomon in particular with the fatherly exhortation, “My son, know thou the God of thy father (i.e., of David, who has ever helped him, Psalms 18:3), and serve Him with whole (undivided) heart (1 Chronicles 29:9, 1 Chronicles 29:19; 1 Kings 8:61) and willing soul.” To strengthen this exhortation, David reminds him of the omniscience of God. Jahve seeks, i.e., searches, all hearts and knows all the imagination of the thoughts; cf. Psalms 7:10; 1 Samuel 16:7; Jeremiah 11:20; Psalms 139:1. מחשׁבות יצר as in Genesis 6:5. With the last clauses cf. Deuteronomy 4:29; Isaiah 55:6, etc. יזניח , only here and 2 Chronicles 11:14; 2 Chronicles 29:19. - With 1 Chronicles 28:10 the discourse turns to the building of the temple. The exhortation ועשׂה חזק is interrupted by the giving over of the sketches and plans of the temple, and is taken up again only in 1 Chronicles 28:20.

Verses 11-19

The sketches and plans of the sacred buildings and vessels . - The enumeration begins in 1 Chronicles 28:11 with the temple house, progressing from outside to inside, and in 1 Chronicles 28:12 goes on to the courts and the buildings in them, and in 1 Chronicles 28:13. to the vessels, etc. תּבנית , model, pattern; cf. Exodus 25:9; here the sketches and drawings of the individual things. ואת־בּתּיו is a contraction for בּתּיו ועת־תּבנית , and the suffix refers, as the succeeding words show, not to העוּלם , but to הבּית , which may be easily supplied from the context (1 Chronicles 28:10). In the porch there were no houses. The בּתּים are the buildings of the temple house, viz., the holy place and the most holy, with the three-storeyed side-building, which are specified in the following words. גּנזכּיו occurs only here, but is related to גּנזים , Esther 3:9; Esther 4:7; Ezekiel 27:24, and to the Chald. גּנזין , Ezra 7:20, and signifies store and treasure chambers, for which the chambers of the three-storeyed side-building served. עליּות are the upper chambers over the most holy place, 2 Chronicles 3:9; הפּנימים חדריו are the inner rooms of the porch and of the holy place, since הכּפּרת בּית , the house of the ark with the mercy-seat, i.e., the most holy place, is mentioned immediately after.

1 Chronicles 28:12

And the pattern, i.e., the description of all that was in the spirit with him, i.e., what his spirit had designed, לחצרות , as to the courts. סביב לכל־הלּשׁכות , in reference to all the chambers round about, i.e., to all the rooms on the four sides of the courts. לאצרות , for the treasures of the house of God; see on 1 Chronicles 26:20.

1 Chronicles 28:13-16

הך וּלמחלקות (continuation of לאצרות ), “and for the divisions of the priests and Levites, and for all the work of the service, and for all vessels,” - for for all these purposes, viz., for the sojourn of the priests and Levites in the service, as well as for the performance of the necessary works, e.g., preparation of the shew-bread, cooking of the sacrificial flesh, holding of the sacrificial meals, and for the storing of the vessels necessary for these purposes, the cells and building of the courts were set apart. - With 1 Chronicles 28:14 begins the enumeration of the vessels. לזּהב is co-ordinate with לכל־הלּשׁכות ... לחצרות , 1 Chronicles 28:12 : he gave him the description of that which he had in mind “with regard to the golden (i.e., to the golden vessels, cf. 1 Chronicles 29:2), according to the weight of the golden, for all vessels of every service,” in regard to all silver vessels according to the weight. - With 1 Chronicles 28:15 the construction hitherto employed is dropped. According to the usual supposition, the verb ויּתּן is to be supplied from 1 Chronicles 28:11 after וּמשׁקל : “and gave him the weight for the golden candlesticks and their golden lamps,” זהב being in a state of free subordination to the word ונרתיהם (J. H. Mich., Berth., and others). But apart from the fact that no analogous case can be found for such a subordination (for in 2 Chronicles 9:15, which Berth. cites as such, there is no subordination, for there the first שׁחוּט זהב is the accusative of the material dependent upon ויּעשׂ ), the supplying of ויּתּן gives no suitable sense; for David here does not give Solomon the metal for the vessels, but, according to 1 Chronicles 28:11, 1 Chronicles 28:12, 1 Chronicles 28:19, only a תּבנית , pattern or model for them. If ויּתּן be supplied, נתן must be “he appointed,” and so have a different sense here from that which it has in 1 Chronicles 28:11. This appears very questionable, and it is simpler to take משׁקל without the article, as an accusative of nearer definition, and to connect the verse thus: “and (what he had in mind) as weight for the golden candlesticks and their lamps, in gold, according to the weight of each candlestick and its lamps, and for the silver candlesticks, in weight - כּעבודת , according to the service of each candlestick” (as it corresponded to the service of each). - In 1 Chronicles 28:16 the enumeration is continued in very loose connection: “And as to the gold ( את , quoad ; cf. Ew. §277, d ) by weight ( משׁקל , acc. of free subordination) for the tables of the spreading out, i.e., of the shew-bread ( מערכת = לחם מערכת , 2 Chronicles 13:11); see on Leviticus 24:6), for each table, and silver for the silver tables.” Silver tables, i.e., tables overlaid with silver-lamin, and silver candlesticks (1 Chronicles 28:15), are not elsewhere expressly mentioned among the temple vessels, since the whole of the vessels are nowhere individually registered even in the description of the building of the temple. Yet, when the temple was repaired under Joash, 2 Kings 12:14; 2 Chronicles 24:14, and when it was destroyed by the Chaldeans, 2 Kings 25:15, vessels of gold and silver are spoken of. The silver candlesticks were probably, as Kimchi has conjectured, intended for the priests engaged in the service, and the tables for reception of the sacrificial flesh after it had been prepared for burning upon the altar.

1 Chronicles 28:17

Before וגו והמּזלגות we should probably supply from 1 Chronicles 28:11 : “he gave him the pattern of the forks... ולכפורי , and for the golden tankards, according to the weight of each tankard.” For מזלנות and מזרקות , see on 2 Chronicles 4:22. קשׂוה , σπονδεῖα , cups for the libations, occur only in Exodus 25:29; Exodus 37:16, and Numbers 4:7. טהור זהב , in free subordination: of pure gold. כּפורים from כּפר , to cover, are vessels provided with covers, tankards; only mentioned here and in Ezra 1:10; Ezra 8:27.

1 Chronicles 28:18

And (the pattern) for the altar of incense of pure gold by weight. In the second member of the verse, at the close of the enumeration, תּבנית , from 1 Chronicles 28:11, 1 Chronicles 28:12, is again taken up, but with ל , which Berth. rightly takes to be nota accus .: and (gave him) “the model of the chariot of the cherubim of gold, as spreading out (wings), and sheltering over the ark of the covenant of Jahve.” הכּרוּבים is not subordinated in the genitive to המּרכּבה , but is in explanatory apposition to it. The cherubim, not the ark, are the chariot upon which God enters or is throned; cf. Psalms 18:11; Psalms 99:1; Exodus 25:22. The conception of the cherubim set upon the golden cover of the ark as מרכּבה is derived from the idea על־כּרוּב ירכּב , Psalms 18:11. Ezekiel, it is true, saw wheels on the throne of God under the cherubim (Ezekiel 1:15., 26), and in accordance with this the lxx and Vulg. have made a cherubim-chariot out of the words ( ἅρμα τῶν Χερουβίμ , quadriga cherubim ); but as against this Berth. rightly remarks, that the idea of a chariot of the cherubim does not at all appear in the two sculptured cherubim upon the ark, nor yet in our passage. לפרשׂים (without the article, and with ל ) Berth. thinks quite unintelligible, and would alter the text, reading והסּככים הפּרשׂים , because the two participles should be in apposition to הכּרוּבים . But this is an error; for neither by the meaning of the words, nor by the passages, 2 Chronicles 5:8; Exodus 25:20; 1 Kings 8:7, are we compelled to make this alteration. The two first-mentioned passages prove the opposite, viz., that these participles state for what purpose the cherubim are to serve. וסככים לפרשׂים have the signification of כּנפים פּרשׂי הכּרוּבים והיוּ , “that the cherubim might be spreading wings and protecting” (Exodus 25:20), as J. H. Mich. has rightly seen. This use of ל , where in ל even without a verb the idea of “becoming something” lies, but which Berth. does not understand, has been already discussed, Ew. §217, d , and illustrated by passages, among which 1 Chronicles 28:18 is one. The reference to Exodus 25:20 explains also the use of פּרשׂ without כּנפים , the author of the Chronicle not thinking it necessary to give the object of פּרשׂ , as he might assume that that passage would be known to readers of his book.

1 Chronicles 28:19

In giving over to Solomon the model of all the parts and vessels of the temple enumerated in 1 Chronicles 28:11-18, David said: “All this, viz., all the works of the pattern, has He taught by writing from the hand of Jahve which came upon me.” הכּל is more closely defined by the apposition הת מלאכות כּל . That the verse contains words of David is clear from עלי . The subject of השׂכּיל is Jahve, which is easily supplied from יהוה מיּד . It is, however, a question with what we should connect עלי . Its position before the verb, and the circumstance that השׂכּיל construed with על pers . does not elsewhere, occur, are against its being taken with השׂכּיל ; and there remains, therefore, only the choice between connecting it with יהוה מיּד and with בּכתב . In favour of the last, Psalms 40:8, עלי כּתוּב , prescribed to me, may be compared; and according to that, עלי כּתב can only mean, “what is prescribed to me;” cf. for the use of כּתב for written prescription, the command in 2 Chronicles 35:4. Bertheau accordingly translates עלי יהוה מיּד בּכתב , “by a writing given to me for a rule from Jahve's hand,” and understands the law of Moses to be meant, because the description of the holy things in Exodus 25:1. is manifestly the basis of that in our verses. But had David wished to say nothing further than that he had taken the law in the Scriptures for the basis of his pattern for the holy things, the expression which he employs would be exceedingly forced and wilfully obscure. And, moreover, the position of the words would scarcely allow us to connect בּכתב with עלי , for in that case we should rather have expected יהוה מיּד עלי בּכתב . We must there take עלי along with יהוה מיּד : “writing from the hand of Jahve came upon me,” i.e., according to the analogy of the phrase עלי יהוה יד היתה (2 Kings 3:15; Ezekiel 1:3; Ezekiel 3:14, etc.), a writing coming by divine revelation, or a writing composed in consequence of divine revelation, and founded upon divine inspiration. David therefore says that he had been instructed by a writing resting upon divine inspiration as to all the works of the pattern of the temple. This need not, however, be understood to mean that David had received exemplar vel ideam templi et vasorum sacrorum immediately from Jahve, either by a prophet or by vision, as the model of the tabernacle was shown to Moses on the mount (Exodus 25:40; Exodus 27:8); for it signifies only that he had not himself invented the pattern which he had committed to writings, i.e., the sketches and descriptions of the temple and its furniture and vessels, but had drawn them up under the influence of divine inspiration.

Verse 20-21

In conclusion, David encourages his son to go forward to the work with good courage, for his God would not forsake him; and the priests and Levites, cunning workmen, and the princes, together with the whole people, would willingly support him. With the encouragement, 1 Chronicles 28:20 , cf. 1 Chronicles 22:13; and with the promise, 1 Chronicles 28:20 , cf. Deuteronomy 31:6, Deuteronomy 31:8; Joshua 1:5. אלהי , my God, says David, ut in mentem ei revocet, quomodo multis in periculis servatus sit (Lav.). עבודה כּל־מלאכת , all the work-business, i.e., all the labour necessary for the building of the house of God.

1 Chronicles 28:21

והנּה is fittingly translated by Clericus, “ en habes .” The reference which lies in the הנּה to the classes of the priests and Levites, i.e., the priests and Levites divided into classes, does not presuppose their presence in the assembly. With the והנּה corresponds ועמּך , with thee, i.e., for assistance to thee, in the second half of the verse. The ל before לכל -naadiyb, “are all freely willing with wisdom,” in the middle of the sentence introducing the subject is strange; Bertheau would therefore strike it out, thinking that, as לכל goes immediately before, and follows immediately afterwards twice, לכל here may easily be an error for כל . This is certainly possible; but since this ל is very frequently used in the Chronicle, it is a question whether it should not be regarded as authentic, “serving to bring into emphatic prominence the idea of the ndyb kl: with thee is for each business, what regards each willing person, for also all willing persons;” cf. Ew. §310, a . נדיב = לב נדיב , 2 Chronicles 29:31; Exodus 35:5, Exodus 35:22, usually denotes him who brings voluntary gifts, but here, him who voluntarily brings wisdom to every service, who willingly employs his wisdom and knowledge in a service. Cunning, intelligent workmen and artists are meant, 1 Chronicles 22:15; 2 Chronicles 2:6. לכל־דּבריך , “towards all thy words,” i.e., as thou sayest or commandest them, the princes and the people, or callest upon them for assistance in the work.

Worthy.Bible » STRONG » 1 Chronicles » Chapter 28 » Verse 1

1 Chronicles 28:1 King James Version with Strong's Concordance (STRONG)

Cross Reference

1 Chronicles 11:10-47 STRONG

1 Chronicles 23:2 STRONG

Joshua 23:2 STRONG

Joshua 24:1 STRONG

1 Chronicles 27:1-34 STRONG

Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Keil & Delitzsch Commentary » Commentary on 1 Chronicles 28

Commentary on 1 Chronicles 28 Keil & Delitzsch Commentary