5 Doth G807 not G3756 behave itself unseemly, G807 seeketh G2212 not G3756 her own, G1438 is G3947 not G3756 easily provoked, G3947 thinketh G3049 no G3756 evil; G2556
Hereby G1722 G5129 perceive we G1097 the love G26 of God, because G3754 he G1565 laid down G5087 his G846 life G5590 for G5228 us: G2257 and G2532 we G2249 ought G3784 to lay down G5087 our lives G5590 for G5228 the brethren. G80 But G1161 whoso G3739 G302 hath G2192 this world's G2889 good, G979 and G2532 seeth G2334 his G846 brother G80 have G2192 need, G5532 and G2532 shutteth up G2808 his G846 bowels G4698 of compassion from G575 him, G846 how G4459 dwelleth G3306 the love G26 of God G2316 in G1722 him? G846
We G2249 then G1161 that are strong G1415 ought G3784 to bear G941 the infirmities G771 of the weak, G102 and G2532 not G3361 to please G700 ourselves. G1438 G1063 Let G700 every one G1538 of us G2257 please G700 his neighbour G4139 for G1519 his good G18 to G4314 edification. G3619
For G1063 in G1722 eating G5315 every one G1538 taketh before G4301 other his own G2398 supper: G1173 and G2532 one G3739 G3303 is hungry, G3983 and G1161 another G3739 is drunken. G3184 What? G1063 have ye G2192 not G3378 houses G3614 to eat G2068 and G2532 to drink G4095 in? G1519 or G2228 despise ye G2706 the church G1577 of God, G2316 and G2532 shame G2617 them that have G2192 not? G3361 What G5101 shall I say G2036 to you? G5213 shall I praise G1867 you G5209 in G1722 this? G5129 I praise G1867 you not. G3756
For G1063 God G2316 is G2076 not G3756 the author of confusion, G181 but G235 of peace, G1515 as G5613 in G1722 all G3956 churches G1577 of the saints. G40 Let G4601 your G5216 women G1135 keep silence G4601 in G1722 the churches: G1577 for G1063 it is G2010 not G3756 permitted G2010 unto them G846 to speak; G2980 but G235 they are commanded to be under obedience, G5293 as G2531 also G2532 saith G3004 the law. G3551 And G1161 if G1487 they will G2309 learn G3129 any thing, G5100 let them ask G1905 their G2398 husbands G435 at G1722 home: G3624 for G1063 it is G2076 a shame G149 for women G1135 to speak G2980 in G1722 the church. G1577 What? G2228 came G1831 the word G3056 of God G2316 out G1831 from G575 you? G5216 or G2228 came it G2658 unto G1519 you G5209 only? G3441 If any man G1536 think himself G1380 to be G1511 a prophet, G4396 or G2228 spiritual, G4152 let him acknowledge G1921 that G3754 the things G3739 that I write G1125 unto you G5213 are G1526 the commandments G1785 of the Lord. G2962 But G1161 if any man G1536 be ignorant, G50 let him be ignorant. G50 Wherefore, G5620 brethren, G80 covet G2206 to prophesy, G4395 and G2532 forbid G2967 not G3361 to speak G2980 with tongues. G1100 Let G1096 all things G3956 be done G1096 decently G2156 and G2532 in G2596 order. G5010
Brethren, G80 if G1437 G2532 a man G444 be overtaken G4301 in G1722 a G5100 fault, G3900 ye G5210 which G3588 are spiritual, G4152 restore G2675 such an one G5108 in G1722 the spirit G4151 of meekness; G4236 considering G4648 thyself, G4572 lest G3361 thou G4771 also G2532 be tempted. G3985 Bear ye G941 one another's G240 burdens, G922 and G2532 so G3779 fulfil G378 the law G3551 of Christ. G5547
Let nothing G3367 be done through G2596 strife G2052 or G2228 vainglory; G2754 but G235 in lowliness of mind G5012 let G2233 each G240 esteem G2233 other G240 better than G5242 themselves. G1438 Look G4648 not G3361 every man G1538 on his own things, G1438 but G235 every man G1538 also G2532 on the things G3588 of others. G2087 G1063 Let G5426 this G5124 mind be G5426 in G1722 you, G5213 which G3739 was also G2532 in G1722 Christ G5547 Jesus: G2424
So G3767 then G686 every one G1538 of us G2257 shall give G1325 account G3056 of G4012 himself G1438 to God. G2316 Let us G2919 not therefore G3767 judge G2919 one another G240 any more: G3371 but G235 judge G2919 this G5124 rather, G3123 that no man G3361 put G5087 a stumblingblock G4348 or G2228 an occasion to fall G4625 in his brother's way. G80 I know, G1492 and G2532 am persuaded G3982 by G1722 the Lord G2962 Jesus, G2424 that G3754 there is nothing G3762 unclean G2839 of G1223 itself: G1438 but G1508 to him that esteemeth G3049 any thing G5100 to be G1511 unclean, G2839 to him G1565 it is unclean. G2839 But G1161 if G1487 thy G4675 brother G80 be grieved G3076 with G1223 thy meat, G1033 now G3765 walkest thou G4043 not G3765 charitably. G26 G2596 Destroy G622 not G3361 him G1565 with thy G4675 meat, G1033 for G5228 whom G3739 Christ G5547 died. G599
They angered H7107 him also at the waters H4325 of strife, H4808 H4809 so that it went ill H3415 with Moses H4872 for their sakes: Because they provoked H4784 his spirit, H7307 so that he spake unadvisedly H981 with his lips. H8193
Then said H559 they, Come, H3212 and let us devise H2803 devices H4284 against Jeremiah; H3414 for the law H8451 shall not perish H6 from the priest, H3548 nor counsel H6098 from the wise, H2450 nor the word H1697 from the prophet. H5030 Come, H3212 and let us smite H5221 him with the tongue, H3956 and let us not give heed H7181 to any of his words. H1697 Give heed H7181 to me, O LORD, H3068 and hearken H8085 to the voice H6963 of them that contend H3401 with me. Shall evil H7451 be recompensed H7999 for good? H2896 for they have digged H3738 a pit H7745 for my soul. H5315 Remember H2142 that I stood H5975 before H6440 thee to speak H1696 good H2896 for them, and to turn away H7725 thy wrath H2534 from them.
Moreover Johanan H3110 the son H1121 of Kareah, H7143 and all the captains H8269 of the forces H2428 that were in the fields, H7704 came H935 to Gedaliah H1436 to Mizpah, H4708 And said H559 unto him, Dost thou certainly H3045 know H3045 that Baalis H1185 the king H4428 of the Ammonites H1121 H5983 hath sent H7971 Ishmael H3458 the son H1121 of Nethaniah H5418 to slay H5221 H5315 thee? But Gedaliah H1436 the son H1121 of Ahikam H296 believed H539 them not. Then Johanan H3110 the son H1121 of Kareah H7143 spake H559 to Gedaliah H1436 in Mizpah H4709 secretly, H5643 saying, H559 Let me go, H3212 I pray thee, and I will slay H5221 Ishmael H3458 the son H1121 of Nethaniah, H5418 and no man H376 shall know H3045 it: wherefore should he slay H5221 H5315 thee, that all the Jews H3064 which are gathered H6908 unto thee should be scattered, H6327 and the remnant H7611 in Judah H3063 perish? H6 But Gedaliah H1436 the son H1121 of Ahikam H296 said H559 unto Johanan H3110 the son H1121 of Kareah, H7143 Thou shalt not do H6213 this thing: H1697 for thou speakest H1696 falsely H8267 of Ishmael. H3458
Judge G2919 in G1722 yourselves: G5213 G846 is it G2076 comely G4241 that a woman G1135 pray G4336 unto God G2316 uncovered? G177 Doth G2228 not even G3761 nature G5449 itself G846 teach G1321 you, G5209 that, G3754 if G1437 G3303 a man G435 have long hair, G2863 it is G2076 a shame G819 unto him? G846 But G1161 if G1437 a woman G1135 have long hair, G2863 it is G2076 a glory G1391 to her: G846 for G3754 her hair G2864 is given G1325 her G846 for G473 a covering. G4018 But G1161 if any man G1536 seem G1380 to be G1511 contentious, G5380 we G2249 have G2192 no G3756 such G5108 custom, G4914 neither G3761 the churches G1577 of God. G2316
And Moses H4872 and Aaron H175 gathered H6950 the congregation H6951 together before H6440 the rock, H5553 and he said H559 unto them, Hear H8085 now, ye rebels; H4784 must we fetch H3318 you water H4325 out of this rock? H5553 And Moses H4872 lifted up H7311 his hand, H3027 and with his rod H4294 he smote H5221 the rock H5553 twice: H6471 and the water H4325 came out H3318 abundantly, H7227 and the congregation H5712 drank, H8354 and their beasts H1165 also. And the LORD H3068 spake H559 unto Moses H4872 and Aaron, H175 Because ye believed H539 me not, to sanctify H6942 me in the eyes H5869 of the children H1121 of Israel, H3478 therefore ye shall not bring H935 this congregation H6951 into the land H776 which I have given H5414 them.
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible » Commentary on 1 Corinthians 13
Commentary on 1 Corinthians 13 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
CHAPTER 13
1Co 13:1-13. Charity or Love Superior to All Gifts.
The New Testament psalm of love, as the forty-fifth Psalm (see Ps 45:1, title) and the Song of Solomon in the Old Testament.
1. tongues—from these he ascends to "prophecy" (1Co 13:2); then, to "faith"; then to benevolent and self-sacrificing deeds: a climax. He does not except even himself, and so passes from addressing them ("unto you," 1Co 12:31) to putting the case in his own person, "Though I," &c.
speak with the tongues—with the eloquence which was so much admired at Corinth (for example, Apollos, Ac 18:24; compare 1Co 1:12; 3:21, 22), and with the command of various languages, which some at Corinth abused to purposes of mere ostentation (1Co 14:2, &c.).
of angels—higher than men, and therefore, it is to be supposed, speaking a more exalted language.
charity—the principle of the ordinary and more important gifts of the Spirit, as contrasted with the extraordinary gifts (1Co 12:1-31).
sounding … tinkling—sound without soul or feeling: such are "tongues" without charity.
cymbal—Two kinds are noticed (Ps 150:5), the loud or clear, and the high-sounding one: hand cymbals and finger cymbals, or castanets. The sound is sharp and piercing.
2. mysteries—(Ro 11:25; 16:25). Mysteries refer to the deep counsels of God hitherto secret, but now revealed to His saints. Knowledge, to truths long known.
faith … remove mountains—(Mt 17:20; 21:21). The practical power of the will elevated by faith [Neander]; confidence in God that the miraculous result will surely follow the exercise of the will at the secret impulse of His Spirit. Without "love" prophecy, knowledge, and faith, are not what they seem (compare 1Co 8:1, 2; Mt 7:22; Jas 2:14; compare 1Co 13:8), and so fail of the heavenly reward (Mt 6:2). Thus Paul, who teaches justification by faith only (Ro 3:4, 5; Ga 2:16; 3:7-14), is shown to agree with James, who teaches (Jas 2:24) "by works" (that is, by LOVE, which is the "spirit" of faith, Jas 2:26) a man is justified, "and not by faith only."
3. bestow … goods … poor—literally, "dole out in food" all my goods; one of the highest functions of the "helps" (1Co 12:28).
give … body to be burned—literally, "to such a degree as that I should be burned." As the three youths did (Da 3:28), "yielded their bodies" (compare 2Co 12:15). These are most noble exemplifications of love in giving and in suffering. Yet they may be without love; in which case the "goods" and "body" are given, but not the soul, which is the sphere of love. Without the soul God rejects all else, and so rejects the man, who is therefore "profited" nothing (Mt 16:26; Lu 9:23-25). Men will fight for Christianity, and die for Christianity, but not live in its spirit, which is love.
4. suffereth long—under provocations of evil from others. The negative side of love.
is kind—the positive side. Extending good to others. Compare with love's features here those of the "wisdom from above" (Jas 3:17).
envieth—The Greek includes also jealousy.
vaunteth not—in words, even of gifts which it really possesses; an indirect rebuke of those at Corinth who used the gift of tongues for mere display.
not puffed up—with party zeal, as some at Corinth were (1Co 4:6).
5. not … unseemly—is not uncourteous, or inattentive to civility and propriety.
thinketh no evil—imputeth not evil [Alford]; literally, "the evil" which actually is there (Pr 10:12; 1Pe 4:8). Love makes allowances for the falls of others, and is ready to put on them a charitable construction. Love, so far from devising evil against another, excuses "the evil" which another inflicts on her [Estius]; doth not meditate upon evil inflicted by another [Bengel]; and in doubtful cases, takes the more charitable view [Grotius].
6. rejoiceth in the truth—rather, "rejoiceth with the truth." Exults not at the perpetration of iniquity (unrighteousness) by others (compare Ge 9:22, 23), but rejoices when the truth rejoices; sympathizes with it in its triumphs (2Jo 4). See the opposite (2Ti 3:8), "Resist the truth." So "the truth" and "unrighteousness" are contrasted (Ro 2:8). "The truth" is the Gospel truth, the inseparable ally of love (Eph 4:15; 2Jo 12). The false charity which compromises "the truth" by glossing over "iniquity" or unrighteousness is thus tacitly condemned (Pr 17:15).
7. Beareth all things—without speaking of what it has to bear. The same Greek verb as in 1Co 9:12. It endures without divulging to the world personal distress. Literally said of holding fast like a watertight vessel; so the charitable man contains himself in silence from giving vent to what selfishness would prompt under personal hardship.
believeth all things—unsuspiciously believes all that is not palpably false, all that it can with a good conscience believe to the credit of another. Compare Jas 3:17, "easy to be entreated"; Greek, "easily persuaded."
hopeth—what is good of another, even when others have ceased to hope.
endureth—persecutions in a patient and loving spirit.
8. never faileth—never is to be out of use; it always holds its place.
shall fail … vanish away—The same Greek verb is used for both; and that different from the Greek verb for "faileth." Translate, "Shall be done away with," that is, shall be dispensed with at the Lord's coming, being superseded by their more perfect heavenly analogues; for instance, knowledge by intuition. Of "tongues," which are still more temporary, the verb is "shall cease." A primary fulfilment of Paul's statement took place when the Church attained its maturity; then "tongues" entirely "ceased," and "prophesyings" and "knowledge," so far as they were supernatural gifts of the Spirit, were superseded as no longer required when the ordinary preaching of the word, and the Scriptures of the New Testament collected together, had become established institutions.
9, 10. in part—partially and imperfectly. Compare a similar contrast to the "perfect man," "the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ" (Eph 4:11-13).
10. that which is in part—fragmentary and isolated.
11. When … a child—(1Co 3:1; 14:20).
I spake—alluding to "tongues."
understood—or, "had the sentiments of." Alluding to "prophecy."
I thought—Greek "reasoned" or "judged"; alluding to "knowledge."
when I became … I put away—rather, "now that I am become a man, I have done away with the things of the child."
12. now—in our present state.
see—an appropriate expression, in connection with the "prophets" of seers (1Sa 9:9).
through a glass—that is, in a mirror; the reflection seeming to the eye to be behind the mirror, so that we see it through the mirror. Ancient mirrors were made of polished brass or other metals. The contrast is between the inadequate knowledge of an object gained by seeing it reflected in a dim mirror (such as ancient mirrors were), compared with the perfect idea we have of it by seeing itself directly.
darkly—literally, "in enigma." As a "mirror" conveys an image to the eye, so an "enigma" to the ear. But neither "eye nor ear" can fully represent (though the believer's soul gets a small revelation now of) "the things which God hath prepared for them that love Him" (1Co 2:9). Paul alludes to Nu 12:8, "not in dark speeches"; the Septuagint, "not in enigmas." Compared with the visions and dreams vouchsafed to other prophets, God's communications with Moses were "not in enigmas." But compared with the intuitive and direct vision of God hereafter, even the revealed word now is "a dark discourse," or a shadowing forth by enigma of God's reflected likeness. Compare 2Pe 1:19, where the "light" or candle in a dark place stands in contrast with the "day" dawning. God's word is called a glass or mirror also in 2Co 3:18.
then—"when that which is perfect is come" (1Co 13:10).
face to face—not merely "mouth to mouth" (Nu 12:8). Ge 32:30 was a type (Joh 1:50, 51).
know … known—rather as Greek, "fully know … fully known." Now we are known by, rather than know, God (1Co 8:3; Ga 4:9).
13. And now—Translate, "But now." "In this present state" [Henderson]. Or, "now" does not express time, but opposition, as in 1Co 5:11, "the case being so" [Grotius]; whereas it is the case that the three gifts, "prophecy," "tongues," and "knowledge" (cited as specimens of the whole class of gifts) "fail" (1Co 13:8), there abide permanently only these three—faith, hope, charity. In one sense faith and hope shall be done away, faith being superseded by sight, and hope by actual fruition (Ro 8:24; 2Co 5:7); and charity, or love, alone never faileth (1Co 13:8). But in another sense, "faith and hope," as well as "charity," ABIDE; namely, after the extraordinary gifts have ceased; for those three are necessary and sufficient for salvation at all times, whereas the extraordinary gifts are not at all so; compare the use of "abide," 1Co 3:14. Charity, or love, is connected specially with the Holy Spirit, who is the bond of the loving union between the brethren (Ro 15:30; Col 1:8). Faith is towards God. Hope is in behalf of ourselves. Charity is love to God creating in us love towards our neighbor. In an unbeliever there is more or less of the three opposites—unbelief, despair, hatred. Even hereafter faith in the sense of trust in God "abideth"; also "hope," in relation to ever new joys in prospect, and at the anticipation of ever increasing blessedness, sure never to be disappointed. But love alone in every sense "abideth"; it is therefore "the greatest" of the three, as also because it presupposes "faith," which without "love" and its consequent "works" is dead (Ga 5:6; Jas 2:17, 20).
but—rather, "and"; as there is not so strong opposition between charity and the other two, faith and hope, which like it also "abide."