8 For G1063 we can do G1410 nothing G3756 G5100 against G2596 the truth, G225 but G235 for G5228 the truth. G225
For to do G4160 whatsoever G3745 thy G4675 hand G5495 and G2532 thy G4675 counsel G1012 determined before G4309 to be done. G1096 And G2532 now, G3569 Lord, G2962 behold G1896 G1909 their G846 threatenings: G547 and G2532 grant unto G1325 thy G4675 servants, G1401 that with G3326 all G3956 boldness G3954 they may speak G2980 thy G4675 word, G3056 By G1722 G4571 stretching forth G1614 thine G4675 hand G5495 to G1519 heal; G2392 and G2532 that signs G4592 and G2532 wonders G5059 may be done G1096 by G1223 the name G3686 of thy G4675 holy G40 child G3816 Jesus. G2424
How G4459 shall we G2249 escape, G1628 if we neglect G272 so great G5082 salvation; G4991 which G3748 at the first G746 began G2983 to be spoken G2980 by G1223 the Lord, G2962 and was confirmed G950 unto G1519 us G2248 by G5259 them that heard G191 him; God G2316 also bearing them witness, G4901 both G5037 with signs G4592 and G2532 wonders, G5059 and G2532 with divers G4164 miracles, G1411 and G2532 gifts G3311 of the Holy G40 Ghost, G4151 according to G2596 his own G846 will? G2308
Therefore G5124 G1223 I write G1125 these things G5023 being absent, G548 lest G3363 being present G3918 I should use G5530 sharpness, G664 according G2596 to the power G1849 which G3739 the Lord G2962 hath given G1325 me G3427 to G1519 edification, G3619 and G2532 not G3756 to G1519 destruction. G2506
For G1063 G2532 though G1437 G5037 I should boast G2744 somewhat G5100 more G4055 of G4012 our G2257 authority, G1849 which G3739 the Lord G2962 hath given G1325 us G2254 for G1519 edification, G3619 and G2532 not G3756 for G1519 your G5216 destruction, G2506 I should G153 not G3756 be ashamed: G153
In G1722 the name G3686 of our G2257 Lord G2962 Jesus G2424 Christ, G5547 when ye G5216 are gathered together, G4863 and G2532 my G1699 spirit, G4151 with G4862 the power G1411 of our G2257 Lord G2962 Jesus G2424 Christ, G5547 To deliver G3860 such an one G5108 unto Satan G4567 for G1519 the destruction G3639 of the flesh, G4561 that G2443 the spirit G4151 may be saved G4982 in G1722 the day G2250 of the Lord G2962 Jesus. G2424
And G5037 God G2316 wrought G4160 special G3756 G5177 miracles G1411 by G1223 the hands G5495 of Paul: G3972 So G2532 G5620 that from G575 his G846 body G5559 were brought G2018 unto G1909 the sick G770 handkerchiefs G4676 or G2228 aprons, G4612 and G2532 the diseases G3554 departed G525 from G575 them, G846 and G5037 the evil G4190 spirits G4151 went G1831 out of G575 them. G846 Then G1161 certain G5100 of G575 the vagabond G4022 Jews, G2453 exorcists, G1845 took upon them G2021 to call G3687 over G1909 them which had G2192 evil G4190 spirits G4151 the name G3686 of the Lord G2962 Jesus, G2424 saying, G3004 We adjure G3726 you G5209 by Jesus G2424 whom G3739 Paul G3972 preacheth. G2784 And G1161 there were G2258 seven G2033 sons G5207 of one Sceva, G4630 G5100 a Jew, G2453 and chief of the priests, G749 which did G4160 so. G5124 And G1161 the evil G4190 spirit G4151 answered G611 and said, G2036 Jesus G2424 I know, G1097 and G2532 Paul G3972 I know; G1987 but G1161 who G5101 are G2075 ye? G5210 And G2532 the man G444 in G1722 whom G3739 the evil G4190 spirit G4151 was G2258 leaped G2177 on G1909 them, G846 and G2532 overcame G2634 them, G846 and prevailed G2480 against G2596 them, G846 so G5620 that they fled G1628 out of G1537 that G1565 house G3624 naked G1131 and G2532 wounded. G5135 And G1161 this G5124 was G1096 known G1110 to all G3956 the Jews G2453 and G5037 Greeks G1672 also G2532 dwelling G2730 at Ephesus; G2181 and G2532 fear G5401 fell G1968 on G1909 them G846 all, G3956 and G2532 the name G3686 of the Lord G2962 Jesus G2424 was magnified. G3170
And G5119 when they had fasted G3522 and G2532 prayed, G4336 and G2532 laid G2007 their hands G5495 on G2007 them, G846 they sent them away. G630 So G3303 G3767 they, G3778 being sent forth G1599 by G5259 the Holy G40 Ghost, G4151 departed G2718 unto G1519 Seleucia; G4581 and from G1564 thence G5037 they sailed G636 to G1519 Cyprus. G2954 And G2532 when they were G1096 at G1722 Salamis, G4529 they preached G2605 the word G3056 of God G2316 in G1722 the synagogues G4864 of the Jews: G2453 and G1161 they had G2192 also G2532 John G2491 to their minister. G5257 And G1161 when they had gone through G1330 the isle G3520 unto G891 Paphos, G3974 they found G2147 a certain G5100 sorcerer, G3097 a false prophet, G5578 a Jew, G2453 whose G3739 name G3686 was Barjesus: G919 Which G3739 was G2258 with G4862 the deputy of the country, G446 Sergius G4588 Paulus, G3972 a prudent G4908 man; G435 who G3778 called G4341 for Barnabas G921 and G2532 Saul, G4569 and desired G1934 to hear G191 the word G3056 of God. G2316 But G1161 Elymas G1681 the sorcerer G3097 (for G1063 so G3779 is his G846 name G3686 by interpretation G3177 ) withstood G436 them, G846 seeking G2212 to turn away G1294 the deputy G446 from G575 the faith. G4102 Then G1161 Saul, G4569 (who G3588 also G2532 is called Paul,) G3972 filled with G4130 the Holy G40 Ghost, G4151 G2532 set his eyes G816 on G1519 him, G846 And said, G2036 O G5599 full G4134 of all G3956 subtilty G1388 and G2532 all G3956 mischief, G4468 thou child G5207 of the devil, G1228 thou enemy G2190 of all G3956 righteousness, G1343 wilt thou G3973 not G3756 cease G3973 to pervert G1294 the right G2117 ways G3598 of the Lord? G2962 And G2532 now, G3568 behold, G2400 the hand G5495 of the Lord G2962 is upon G1909 thee, G4571 and G2532 thou shalt be G2071 blind, G5185 not G3361 seeing G991 the sun G2246 for G891 a season. G2540 And G1161 immediately G3916 there fell G1968 on G1909 him G846 a mist G887 and G2532 a darkness; G4655 and G2532 he went about G4013 seeking G2212 some to lead him by the hand. G5497 Then G5119 the deputy, G446 when he saw G1492 what was done, G1096 believed, G4100 being astonished G1605 at G1909 the doctrine G1322 of the Lord. G2962
But G1161 a certain G5100 man G435 named G3686 Ananias, G367 with G4862 Sapphira G4551 his G846 wife, G1135 sold G4453 a possession, G2933 And G2532 kept back G3557 part of G575 the price, G5092 his G846 wife G1135 also G2532 being privy G4894 to it, and G2532 brought G5342 a certain G5100 part, G3313 and laid G5087 it at G3844 the apostles' G652 feet. G4228 But G1161 Peter G4074 said, G2036 Ananias, G367 why G1302 hath Satan G4567 filled G4137 thine G4675 heart G2588 G4571 to lie G5574 to the Holy G40 Ghost, G4151 and G2532 to keep back G3557 part of G575 the price G5092 of the land? G5564 Whiles it remained, G3306 was it not G3780 thine own? G4671 G3306 and G2532 after it was sold, G4097 was it not G5225 in G1722 thine own G4674 power? G1849 why G5101 G3754 hast thou conceived G5087 this G5124 thing G4229 in G1722 thine G4675 heart? G2588 thou hast G5574 not G3756 lied G5574 unto men, G444 but G235 unto God. G2316 And G1161 Ananias G367 hearing G191 these G5128 words G3056 fell down, G4098 and gave up the ghost: G1634 and G2532 great G3173 fear G5401 came G1096 on G1909 all G3956 them that heard G191 these things. G5023 And G1161 the young men G3501 arose, G450 wound G4958 him G846 up, G4958 and G2532 carried him out, G1627 and buried G2290 him. And G1161 it was G1096 about G5613 the space G1292 of three G5140 hours G5610 after, G1292 when G2532 his G846 wife, G1135 not G3361 knowing G1492 what was done, G1096 came in. G1525 And G1161 Peter G4074 answered G611 unto her, G846 Tell G2036 me G3427 whether G1487 ye sold G591 the land G5564 for so much? G5118 And G1161 she said, G2036 Yea, G3483 for so much. G5118 Then G1161 Peter G4074 said G2036 unto G4314 her, G846 How G5101 is it that G3754 ye G5213 have agreed together G4856 to tempt G3985 the Spirit G4151 of the Lord? G2962 behold, G2400 the feet G4228 of them which have buried G2290 thy G4675 husband G435 are at G1909 the door, G2374 and G2532 shall carry G1627 thee G4571 out. G1627 Then G1161 fell she down G4098 straightway G3916 at G3844 his G846 feet, G4228 and G2532 yielded up the ghost: G1634 and G1161 the young men G3495 came in, G1525 and found G2147 her G846 dead, G3498 and, G2532 carrying her forth, G1627 buried G2290 her by G4314 her G846 husband. G435 And G2532 great G3173 fear G5401 came G1096 upon G1909 all G3650 the church, G1577 and G2532 upon G1909 as many as G3956 heard G191 these things. G5023
And Moses H4872 said, H559 Hereby ye shall know H3045 that the LORD H3068 hath sent H7971 me to do H6213 all these works; H4639 for I have not done them of mine own mind. H3820 If these men die H4191 the common death H4194 of all men, H120 or if they be visited H6485 after the visitation H6486 of all men; H120 then the LORD H3068 hath not sent H7971 me. But if the LORD H3068 make H1254 a new thing, H1278 and the earth H127 open H6475 her mouth, H6310 and swallow them up, H1104 with all that appertain unto them, and they go down H3381 quick H2416 into the pit; H7585 then ye shall understand H3045 that these men H582 have provoked H5006 the LORD. H3068 And it came to pass, as he had made an end H3615 of speaking H1696 all these words, H1697 that the ground H127 clave asunder H1234 that was under them: And the earth H776 opened H6605 her mouth, H6310 and swallowed them up, H1104 and their houses, H1004 and all the men H120 that appertained unto Korah, H7141 and all their goods. H7399 They, and all that appertained to them, went down H3381 alive H2416 into the pit, H7585 and the earth H776 closed H3680 upon them: and they perished H6 from among H8432 the congregation. H6951 And all Israel H3478 that were round about H5439 them fled H5127 at the cry H6963 of them: for they said, H559 Lest the earth H776 swallow us up H1104 also. And there came out H3318 a fire H784 from the LORD, H3068 and consumed H398 the two hundred H3967 and fifty H2572 men H376 that offered H7126 incense. H7004
And G1161 John G2491 answered G611 and said, G2036 Master, G1988 we saw G1492 one G5100 casting out G1544 devils G1140 in G1909 thy G4675 name; G3686 and G2532 we forbad G2967 him, G846 because G3754 he followeth G190 not G3756 with G3326 us. G2257 And G2532 Jesus G2424 said G2036 unto G4314 him, G846 Forbid G2967 him not: G3361 for G1063 he G3739 that is G2076 not G3756 against G2596 us G2257 is G2076 for G5228 us. G2257 And G1161 it came to pass, G1096 when G1722 the time G2250 was come G4845 that he G846 should be received up, G354 G2532 he G846 stedfastly set G4741 his G846 face G4383 to go G4198 to G1519 Jerusalem, G2419 And G2532 sent G649 messengers G32 before G4253 his G846 face: G4383 and G2532 they went, G4198 and entered G1525 into G1519 a village G2968 of the Samaritans, G4541 to G5620 make ready G2090 for him. G846 And G2532 they did G1209 not G3756 receive G1209 him, G846 because G3754 his G846 face G4383 was G2258 as though he would go G4198 to G1519 Jerusalem. G2419 And G1161 when his G846 disciples G3101 James G2385 and G2532 John G2491 saw G1492 this, they said, G2036 Lord, G2962 wilt thou G2309 that we command G2036 fire G4442 to come down G2597 from G575 heaven, G3772 and G2532 consume G355 them, G846 even G2532 as G5613 Elias G2243 did? G4160 But G1161 he turned, G4762 and rebuked G2008 them, G846 and G2532 said, G2036 Ye know G1492 not G3756 what manner G3634 of spirit G4151 ye G5210 are of. G2075 For G1063 the Son G5207 of man G444 is G2064 not G3756 come G2064 to destroy G622 men's G444 lives, G5590 but G235 to save G4982 them. And G2532 they went G4198 to G1519 another G2087 village. G2968
And G1161 these G5023 signs G4592 shall follow G3877 them that believe; G4100 In G1722 my G3450 name G3686 shall they cast out G1544 devils; G1140 they shall speak G2980 with new G2537 tongues; G1100 They shall take up G142 serpents; G3789 and if G2579 they drink G4095 any G5100 deadly G2286 thing, G5100 it shall not G3364 hurt G984 them; G846 they shall lay G2007 hands G5495 on G1909 the sick, G732 and G2532 they shall G2192 recover. G2573 So G3303 then G3767 after G3326 the Lord G2962 had spoken G2980 unto them, G846 he was received up G353 into G1519 heaven, G3772 and G2532 sat G2523 on G1537 the right hand G1188 of God. G2316
But G1161 Jesus G2424 said, G2036 Forbid G2967 him G846 not: G3361 for G1063 there is G2076 no man G3762 which G3739 shall do G4160 a miracle G1411 in G1909 my G3450 name, G3686 that G2532 can G1410 lightly G5035 speak evil G2551 of me. G3165
And he went up H5927 from thence unto Bethel: H1008 and as he was going up H5927 by the way, H1870 there came forth H3318 little H6996 children H5288 out of the city, H5892 and mocked H7046 him, and said H559 unto him, Go up, H5927 thou bald head; H7142 go up, H5927 thou bald head. H7142 And he turned H6437 back, H310 and looked H7200 on them, and cursed H7043 them in the name H8034 of the LORD. H3068 And there came forth H3318 two H8147 she bears H1677 out of the wood, H3293 and tare H1234 forty H705 and two H8147 children H3206 of them. And he went H3212 from thence to mount H2022 Carmel, H3760 and from thence he returned H7725 to Samaria. H8111
Then the king H4428 sent H7971 unto him a captain H8269 of fifty H2572 with his fifty. H2572 And he went up H5927 to him: and, behold, he sat H3427 on the top H7218 of an hill. H2022 And he spake H1696 unto him, Thou man H376 of God, H430 the king H4428 hath said, H1696 Come down. H3381 And Elijah H452 answered H6030 and said H1696 to the captain H8269 of fifty, H2572 If I be a man H376 of God, H430 then let fire H784 come down H3381 from heaven, H8064 and consume H398 thee and thy fifty. H2572 And there came down H3381 fire H784 from heaven, H8064 and consumed H398 him and his fifty. H2572 Again H7725 also he sent H7971 unto him another H312 captain H8269 of fifty H2572 with his fifty. H2572 And he answered H6030 and said H1696 unto him, O man H376 of God, H430 thus hath the king H4428 said, H559 Come down H3381 quickly. H4120 And Elijah H452 answered H6030 and said H1696 unto them, If I be a man H376 of God, H430 let fire H784 come down H3381 from heaven, H8064 and consume H398 thee and thy fifty. H2572 And the fire H784 of God H430 came down H3381 from heaven, H8064 and consumed H398 him and his fifty. H2572 And he sent H7971 again H7725 a captain H8269 of the third H7992 fifty H2572 with his fifty. H2572 And the third H7992 captain H8269 of fifty H2572 went up, H5927 and came H935 and fell H3766 on his knees H1290 before H5048 Elijah, H452 and besought H2603 him, and said H1696 unto him, O man H376 of God, H430 I pray thee, let my life, H5315 and the life H5315 of these fifty H2572 thy servants, H5650 be precious H3365 in thy sight. H5869
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible » Commentary on 2 Corinthians 13
Commentary on 2 Corinthians 13 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
CHAPTER 13
2Co 13:1-14. He Threatens a Severe Proof of His Apostolic Authority, but Prefers They Would Spare Him the Necessity for It.
1. This is the third time I am coming to you—not merely preparing to come to you. This proves an intermediate visit between the two recorded in Ac 18:1; 20:2.
In the mouth of two or three witnesses shall every word be established—Quoted from De 19:15, Septuagint. "I will judge not without examination, nor will I abstain from punishing upon due evidence" [Conybeare and Howson]. I will no longer be among you "in all patience" towards offenders (2Co 12:12). The apostle in this case, where ordinary testimony was to be had, does not look for an immediate revelation, nor does he order the culprits to be cast out of the church before his arrival. Others understand the "two or three witnesses" to mean his two or three visits as establishing either (1) the truth of the facts alleged against the offenders, or (2) the reality of his threats. I prefer the first explanation to either of the two latter.
2. Rather, "I have already said (at my second visit), and tell you (now) beforehand, AS (I did) WHEN I WAS PRESENT THE SECOND TIME, SO also NOW in my absence (the oldest manuscripts omit the 'I write,' which here wrongly follows in English Version Greek text) to them which heretofore have sinned (namely, before my second visit, 2Co 12:21), and to all others (who have sinned since my second visit, or are in danger of sinning)." The English Version, "as if I were present the second time," namely, this next time, is quite inconsistent with 2Co 13:1, "this is the third time I am coming to you," as Paul could not have called the same journey at once "the second" and "the third time" of his coming. The antithesis between "the second time" and "now" is palpable.
if I come again, &c.—that is, whensoever I come again (Ac 20:2). These were probably the very words of his former threat which he now repeats again.
3. Since—The reason why he will not spare: Since ye challenge me to give a "proof" that Christ speaks in me. It would be better if ye would "prove your own selves" (2Co 13:5). This disproves the assertion of some that Scripture nowhere asserts the infallibility of its writers when writing it.
which—"who" (Christ).
is not weak—in relation to you, by me and in this very Epistle, in exercising upon you strong discipline.
mighty in you—has given many proofs of His power in miracles, and even in punishing offenders (2Co 5:11, 20, 21). Ye have no need to put me to the proof in this, as long ago Christ has exhibited great proofs of His power by me among you (2Co 12:12) [Grotius]. It is therefore not me, but Christ, whom ye wrong: it is His patience that ye try in despising my admonitions, and derogating from my authority [Calvin].
4. though—omitted in some of the oldest manuscripts; then translate, "For He was even crucified," &c.
through weakness—Greek, "from weakness"; that is, His assumption of our weakness was the source, or necessary condition, from which the possibility of His crucifixion flowed (Heb 2:14; Php 2:7, 8).
by—Greek, "from"; "owing to."
the power of God—the Father (Ro 1:4; 6:4; Eph 1:20).
weak in him—that is, in virtue of our union with Him, and after His pattern, weakness predominates in us for a time (exhibited in our "infirmities" and weak "bodily presence," 2Co 10:10; 12:5, 9, 10; and also in our not putting into immediate exercise our power of punishing offenders, just as Christ for a time kept in abeyance His power).
we shall live with him—not only hereafter with Him, free from our present infirmities, in the resurrection life (Php 3:21), but presently in the exercise of our apostolic authority against offenders, which flows to us in respect to you from the power of God, however "weak" we now seem to you. "With Him," that is, even as He now exercises His power in His glorified resurrection life, after His weakness for a time.
5. Examine—Greek, "Try (make trial of) yourselves."
prove your own selves—This should be your first aim, rather than "seeking a proof of Christ speaking in me" (2Co 13:3).
your own selves—I need not speak much in proof of Christ being in me, your minister (2Co 13:3), for if ye try your own selves ye will see that Christ is also in you [Chrysostom], (Ro 8:10). Finding Christ dwelling in yourselves by faith, ye may well believe that He speaks in me, by whose ministry ye have received this faith [Estius]. To doubt it would be the sin of Israel, who, after so many miracles and experimental proofs of God's presence, still cried (Ex 17:7), "Is the Lord among us or not?" (Compare Mr 8:11).
except ye be reprobates—The Greek softens the expression, "somewhat reprobates," that is, not abiding the "proof" (alluding to the same word in the context); failing when tested. Image from metals (Jer 6:30; Da 5:27; Ro 1:28).
6. we … not reprobates—not unable to abide the proof to which ye put us (2Co 13:6). "I trust that" your own Christianity will be recognized by you (observe, "ye shall know," answers to "know your own selves," 2Co 13:5) as sufficient "proof" that ye are not reprobates, but that "Christ speaks in me," without needing a proof from me more trying to yourselves. If ye doubt my apostleship, ye must doubt your own Christianity, for ye are the fruits of my apostleship.
7. I pray—The oldest manuscripts read, "we pray."
not that we should appear approved—not to gain credit for ourselves, your ministers, by your Christian conduct; but for your good [Alford]. The antithesis to "reprobates" leads me to prefer explaining with Bengel, "We do not pray that we may appear approved," by restraining you when ye do evil; "but that ye should do what is right" (English Version, "honest").
though we be as reprobates—though we be thereby deprived of the occasion for exercising our apostolic power (namely, in punishing), and so may appear "as reprobates" (incapable of affording proof of Christ speaking in us).
8. Our apostolic power is given us that we may use it not against, but for the furtherance of, the truth. Where you are free from fault, there is no scope for its exercise: and this I desire. Far be it from me to use it against the innocent, merely in order to increase my own power (2Co 13:10).
9. are glad—Greek, "rejoice."
when we are weak—having no occasion for displaying our power; and so seeming "weak," as being compassed with "infirmities" (2Co 10:10; 11:29, 30).
ye … strong—"mighty" in faith and the fruits of the Spirit.
and—not in the oldest manuscripts.
we wish—Greek, "pray for."
your perfection—literally, "perfect restoration"; literally, that of a dislocated limb. Compare 2Co 13:11, "Be perfect," the same Greek word; also in 1Co 1:10, "perfectly joined together"; Eph 4:12, "the perfecting of the saints."
10. Therefore—because I wish the "sharpness" to be in my letters rather than in deeds [Chrysostom].
edification … not to destruction—for building up … not for casting down. To "use sharpness" would seem to be casting down, rather than building up; therefore he prefers not to have to use it.
11. farewell—meaning in Greek also "rejoice"; thus in bidding farewell he returns to the point with which he set out, "we are helpers of your joy" (2Co 1:24; Php 4:4).
Be perfect—Become perfect by filling up what is lacking in your Christian character (Eph 4:13).
be of good comfort—(2Co 1:6; 7:8-13; 1Th 4:18).
14. The benediction which proves the doctrine of the Divine Trinity in unity. "The grace of Christ" comes first, for it is only by it we come to "the love of God" the Father (Joh 14:6). The variety in the order of Persons proves that "in this Trinity none is afore or after other" [Athanasian Creed].
communion—joint fellowship, or participation, in the same Holy Ghost, which joins in one catholic Church, His temple, both Jews and Gentiles. Whoever has "the fellowship of the Holy Ghost," has also "the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ," and "the love of God"; and vice versa. For the three are inseparable, as the three Persons of the Trinity itself [Chrysostom]. The doctrine of the Trinity was not revealed clearly and fully till Christ came, and the whole scheme of our redemption was manifested in Him, and we know the Holy Three in One more in their relations to us (as set forth summarily in this benediction), than in their mutual relations to one another (De 29:29).
Amen—omitted in the oldest manuscripts. Probably added subsequently for the exigencies of public joint worship.