41 And thou shalt put H3847 them upon Aaron H175 thy brother, H251 and his sons H1121 with him; and shalt anoint H4886 them, and consecrate H4390 H3027 them, and sanctify H6942 them, that they may minister unto me in the priest's office. H3547
And the LORD H3068 spake H1696 unto Moses, H4872 saying, H559 Take H3947 Aaron H175 and his sons H1121 with him, and the garments, H899 and the anointing H4888 oil, H8081 and a bullock H6499 for the sin offering, H2403 and two H8147 rams, H352 and a basket H5536 of unleavened bread; H4682 And gather H6950 thou all the congregation H5712 together H6950 unto the door H6607 of the tabernacle H168 of the congregation. H4150 And Moses H4872 did H6213 as the LORD H3068 commanded H6680 him; and the assembly H5712 was gathered together H6950 unto the door H6607 of the tabernacle H168 of the congregation. H4150 And Moses H4872 said H559 unto the congregation, H5712 This is the thing H1697 which the LORD H3068 commanded H6680 to be done. H6213 And Moses H4872 brought H7126 Aaron H175 and his sons, H1121 and washed H7364 them with water. H4325 And he put H5414 upon him the coat, H3801 and girded H2296 him with the girdle, H73 and clothed H3847 him with the robe, H4598 and put H5414 the ephod H646 upon him, and he girded H2296 him with the curious girdle H2805 of the ephod, H646 and bound H640 it unto him therewith. And he put H7760 the breastplate H2833 upon him: also he put H5414 in the breastplate H2833 the Urim H224 and the Thummim. H8550 And he put H7760 the mitre H4701 upon his head; H7218 also upon the mitre, H4701 even upon his forefront, H6440 H4136 did he put H7760 the golden H2091 plate, H6731 the holy H6944 crown; H5145 as the LORD H3068 commanded H6680 Moses. H4872 And Moses H4872 took H3947 the anointing H4888 oil, H8081 and anointed H4886 the tabernacle H4908 and all that was therein, and sanctified H6942 them. And he sprinkled H5137 thereof upon the altar H4196 seven H7651 times, H6471 and anointed H4886 the altar H4196 and all his vessels, H3627 both the laver H3595 and his foot, H3653 to sanctify H6942 them. And he poured H3332 of the anointing H4888 oil H8081 upon Aaron's H175 head, H7218 and anointed H4886 him, to sanctify H6942 him. And Moses H4872 brought H7126 Aaron's H175 sons, H1121 and put H3847 coats H3801 upon them, and girded H2296 them with girdles, H73 and put H2280 bonnets H4021 upon them; as the LORD H3068 commanded H6680 Moses. H4872 And he brought H5066 the bullock H6499 for the sin offering: H2403 and Aaron H175 and his sons H1121 laid H5564 their hands H3027 upon the head H7218 of the bullock H6499 for the sin offering. H2403 And he slew H7819 it; and Moses H4872 took H3947 the blood, H1818 and put H5414 it upon the horns H7161 of the altar H4196 round about H5439 with his finger, H676 and purified H2398 the altar, H4196 and poured H3332 the blood H1818 at the bottom H3247 of the altar, H4196 and sanctified H6942 it, to make reconciliation H3722 upon it. And he took H3947 all the fat H2459 that was upon the inwards, H7130 and the caul H3508 above the liver, H3516 and the two H8147 kidneys, H3629 and their fat, H2459 and Moses H4872 burned H6999 it upon the altar. H4196 But the bullock, H6499 and his hide, H5785 his flesh, H1320 and his dung, H6569 he burnt H8313 with fire H784 without H2351 the camp; H4264 as the LORD H3068 commanded H6680 Moses. H4872 And he brought H7126 the ram H352 for the burnt offering: H5930 and Aaron H175 and his sons H1121 laid H5564 their hands H3027 upon the head H7218 of the ram. H352 And he killed H7819 it; and Moses H4872 sprinkled H2236 the blood H1818 upon the altar H4196 round about. H5439 And he cut H5408 the ram H352 into pieces; H5409 and Moses H4872 burnt H6999 the head, H7218 and the pieces, H5409 and the fat. H6309 And he washed H7364 the inwards H7130 and the legs H3767 in water; H4325 and Moses H4872 burnt H6999 the whole ram H352 upon the altar: H4196 it was a burnt sacrifice H5930 for a sweet H5207 savour, H7381 and an offering made by fire H801 unto the LORD; H3068 as the LORD H3068 commanded H6680 Moses. H4872 And he brought H7126 the other H8145 ram, H352 the ram H352 of consecration: H4394 and Aaron H175 and his sons H1121 laid H5564 their hands H3027 upon the head H7218 of the ram. H352 And he slew H7819 it; and Moses H4872 took H3947 of the blood H1818 of it, and put H5414 it upon the tip H8571 of Aaron's H175 right H3233 ear, H241 and upon the thumb H931 of his right H3233 hand, H3027 and upon the great toe H931 of his right H3233 foot. H7272 And he brought H7126 Aaron's H175 sons, H1121 and Moses H4872 put H5414 of the blood H1818 upon the tip H8571 of their right H3233 ear, H241 and upon the thumbs H931 of their right H3233 hands, H3027 and upon the great toes H931 of their right H3233 feet: H7272 and Moses H4872 sprinkled H2236 the blood H1818 upon the altar H4196 round about. H5439 And he took H3947 the fat, H2459 and the rump, H451 and all the fat H2459 that was upon the inwards, H7130 and the caul H3508 above the liver, H3516 and the two H8147 kidneys, H3629 and their fat, H2459 and the right H3225 shoulder: H7785 And out of the basket H5536 of unleavened H4682 bread, H3899 that was before H6440 the LORD, H3068 he took H3947 one H259 unleavened H4682 cake, H2471 and a cake H2471 of oiled H8081 bread, and one H259 wafer, H7550 and put H7760 them on the fat, H2459 and upon the right H3225 shoulder: H7785 And he put H5414 all upon Aaron's H175 hands, H3709 and upon his sons' H1121 hands, H3709 and waved H5130 them for a wave offering H8573 before H6440 the LORD. H3068 And Moses H4872 took H3947 them from off their hands, H3709 and burnt H6999 them on the altar H4196 upon the burnt offering: H5930 they were consecrations H4394 for a sweet H5207 savour: H7381 it is an offering made by fire H801 unto the LORD. H3068 And Moses H4872 took H3947 the breast, H2373 and waved H5130 it for a wave offering H8573 before H6440 the LORD: H3068 for of the ram H352 of consecration H4394 it was Moses' H4872 part; H4490 as the LORD H3068 commanded H6680 Moses. H4872 And Moses H4872 took H3947 of the anointing H4888 oil, H8081 and of the blood H1818 which was upon the altar, H4196 and sprinkled H5137 it upon Aaron, H175 and upon his garments, H899 and upon his sons, H1121 and upon his sons' H1121 garments H899 with him; and sanctified H6942 Aaron, H175 and his garments, H899 and his sons, H1121 and his sons' H1121 garments H899 with him. And Moses H4872 said H559 unto Aaron H175 and to his sons, H1121 Boil H1310 the flesh H1320 at the door H6607 of the tabernacle H168 of the congregation: H4150 and there eat H398 it with the bread H3899 that is in the basket H5536 of consecrations, H4394 as I commanded, H6680 saying, H559 Aaron H175 and his sons H1121 shall eat H398 it. And that which remaineth H3498 of the flesh H1320 and of the bread H3899 shall ye burn H8313 with fire. H784 And ye shall not go out H3318 of the door H6607 of the tabernacle H168 of the congregation H4150 in seven H7651 days, H3117 until the days H3117 of your consecration H4394 be at an end: H4390 for seven H7651 days H3117 shall he consecrate H4390 H3027 you. As he hath done H6213 this day, H3117 so the LORD H3068 hath commanded H6680 to do, H6213 to make an atonement H3722 for you. Therefore shall ye abide H3427 at the door H6607 of the tabernacle H168 of the congregation H4150 day H3119 and night H3915 seven H7651 days, H3117 and keep H8104 the charge H4931 of the LORD, H3068 that ye die H4191 not: for so I am commanded. H6680 So Aaron H175 and his sons H1121 did H6213 all things H1697 which the LORD H3068 commanded H6680 by the hand H3027 of Moses. H4872
Now G1161 he which stablisheth G950 us G2248 with G4862 you G5213 in G1519 Christ, G5547 and G2532 hath anointed G5548 us, G2248 is God; G2316 Who G3588 hath G4972 also G2532 sealed G4972 us, G2248 and G2532 given G1325 the earnest G728 of the Spirit G4151 in G1722 our G2257 hearts. G2588
Take H3947 thou also unto thee principal H7218 spices, H1314 of pure H1865 myrrh H4753 five H2568 hundred H3967 shekels, and of sweet H1314 cinnamon H7076 half H4276 so much, H4276 even two hundred H3967 and fifty H2572 shekels, and of sweet H1314 calamus H7070 two hundred H3967 and fifty H2572 shekels, And of cassia H6916 five H2568 hundred H3967 shekels, after the shekel H8255 of the sanctuary, H6944 and of oil H8081 olive H2132 an hin: H1969 And thou shalt make H6213 it an oil H8081 of holy H6944 ointment, H4888 an ointment H7545 compound H4842 after the art H4639 of the apothecary: H7543 it shall be an holy H6944 anointing H4888 oil. H8081 And thou shalt anoint H4886 the tabernacle H168 of the congregation H4150 therewith, and the ark H727 of the testimony, H5715 And the table H7979 and all his vessels, H3627 and the candlestick H4501 and his vessels, H3627 and the altar H4196 of incense, H7004 And the altar H4196 of burnt offering H5930 with all his vessels, H3627 and the laver H3595 and his foot. H3653 And thou shalt sanctify H6942 them, that they may be most H6944 holy: H6944 whatsoever toucheth H5060 them shall be holy. H6942 And thou shalt anoint H4886 Aaron H175 and his sons, H1121 and consecrate H6942 them, that they may minister unto me in the priest's office. H3547
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible » Commentary on Exodus 28
Commentary on Exodus 28 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
CHAPTER 28
Ex 28:1-43. Appointment to the Priesthood.
1. take thou unto thee Aaron thy brother, and his sons with him—Moses had hitherto discharged the priestly functions (Ps 99:6), and he evinced the piety as well as humility of his character, in readily complying with the command to invest his brother with the sacred office, though it involved the perpetual exclusion of his own family. The appointment was a special act of God's sovereignty, so that there could be no ground for popular umbrage by the selection of Aaron's family, with whom the office was inalienably established and continued in unbroken succession till the introduction of the Christian era.
2-5. holy garments—No inherent holiness belonged either to the material or the workmanship. But they are called "holy" simply because they were not worn on ordinary occasions, but assumed in the discharge of the sacred functions (Eze 44:19).
for glory and for beauty—It was a grand and sumptuous attire. In material, elaborate embroidery, and color, it had an imposing splendor. The tabernacle being adapted to the infantine aid of the church, it was right and necessary that the priests' garments should be of such superb and dazzling appearance, that the people might be inspired with a due respect for the ministers as well as the rites of religion. But they had also a further meaning; for being all made of linen, they were symbolical of the truth, purity, and other qualities in Christ that rendered Him such a high priest as became us.
6-14. ephod—It was a very gorgeous robe made of byssus, curiously embroidered, and dyed with variegated colors, and further enriched with golden tissue, the threads of gold being either originally interwoven or afterwards inserted by the embroiderer. It was short—reaching from the breast to a little below the loins—and though destitute of sleeves, retained its position by the support of straps thrown over each shoulder. These straps or braces, connecting the one with the back, the other with the front piece of which the tunic was composed, were united on the shoulder by two onyx stones, serving as buttons, and on which the names of the twelve tribes were engraved, and set in golden encasements. The symbolical design of this was, that the high priest, who bore the names along with him in all his ministrations before the Lord, might be kept in remembrance of his duty to plead their cause, and supplicate the accomplishment of the divine promises in their favor. The ephod was fastened by a girdle of the same costly materials, that is, dyed, embroidered, and wrought with threads of gold. It was about a handbreadth wide and wound twice round the upper part of the waist; it fastened in front, the ends hanging down at great length (Re 1:13).
15-29. thou shalt make the breastplate of judgment with cunning work—a very splendid and richly embroidered piece of brocade, a span square, and doubled, to enable it the better to bear the weight of the precious stones in it. There were twelve different stones, containing each the name of a tribe, and arranged in four rows, three in each. The Israelites had acquired a knowledge of the lapidary's art in Egypt, and the amount of their skill in cutting, polishing, and setting precious stones, may be judged of by the diamond forming one of the engraved ornaments on this breastplate. A ring was attached to each corner, through which the golden chains were passed to fasten this brilliant piece of jewelry at the top and bottom tightly on the breast of the ephod.
30. thou shalt put in the breastplate of judgment the Urim and Thummim—The words signify "lights" and "perfections"; and nothing more is meant than the precious stones of the breastplate already described (compare Ex 39:8-21; Le 8:8). They received the name because the bearing of them qualified the high priest to consult the divine oracle on all public or national emergencies, by going into the holy place—standing close before the veil and putting his hand upon the Urim and Thummim, he conveyed a petition from the people and asked counsel of God, who, as the Sovereign of Israel, gave response from the midst of His glory. Little, however, is known about them. But it may be remarked that Egyptian judges wore on the breast of their official robes a representation of Justice, and the high priest in Israel long officiated also as a judge; so that some think the Urim and Thummim had a reference to his judicial functions.
31-33. the robe of the ephod all of blue—It was the middle garment, under the ephod and above the coat. It had a hole through which the head was thrust, and was formed carefully of one piece, such as was the robe of Christ (Joh 19:23). The high priest's was of a sky-blue color. The binding at the neck was strongly woven, and it terminated below in a fringe, made of blue, purple, and scarlet tassels, in the form of a pomegranate, interspersed with small bells of gold, which tinkled as the wearer was in motion.
34. a golden bell and a pomegranate—The bells were hung between the pomegranates, which were said to have amounted to seventy-two, and the use of them seems to have been to announce to the people when the high priest entered the most holy place, that they might accompany him with their prayers, and also to remind himself to be attired in his official dress, to minister without which was death.
36-38. plate—literally, a petal of a flower, which seems to have been the figure of this golden plate, which was tied with a ribbon of blue on the front of the mitre, so that every one facing him could read the inscription.
37. mitre—crown-like cap for the head, not covering the entire head, but adhering closely to it, composed of fine linen. The Scripture has not described its form, but from Josephus we may gather that it was conical in shape, as he distinguishes the mitres of the common priests by saying that they were not conical—that it was encircled with swathes of blue embroidered, and that it was covered by one piece of fine linen to hide the seams.
39. coat of fine linen—a garment fastened at the neck, and reaching far down the person, with the sleeves terminating at the elbow.
girdle of needlework—a piece of fine twined linen, richly embroidered, and variously dyed. It is said to have been very long, and being many times wound round the body, it was fastened in front and the ends hung down, which, being an impediment to a priest in active duty, were usually thrown across the shoulders. This was the outer garment of the common priests.
40. bonnets—turbans.
42. linen breeches—drawers, which encompassed the loins and reached half way down the thighs. They are seen very frequently represented in Egyptian figures.