18 Then G3767 answered G611 the Jews G2453 and G2532 said G2036 unto him, G846 What G5101 sign G4592 shewest thou G1166 unto us, G2254 seeing that G3754 thou doest G4160 these things? G5023
They said G2036 therefore G3767 unto him, G846 What G5101 sign G4592 shewest G4160 thou G4771 then, G3767 that G2443 we may see, G1492 and G2532 believe G4100 thee? G4671 what G5101 dost thou work? G2038
Then G5119 certain G5100 of the scribes G1122 and G2532 of the Pharisees G5330 answered, G611 saying, G3004 Master, G1320 we would G2309 see G1492 a sign G4592 from G575 thee. G4675 But G1161 he answered G611 and said G2036 unto them, G846 An evil G4190 and G2532 adulterous G3428 generation G1074 seeketh after G1934 a sign; G4592 and G2532 there shall no G3756 sign G4592 be given G1325 to it, G846 but G1508 the sign G4592 of the prophet G4396 Jonas: G2495 For G1063 as G5618 Jonas G2495 was G2258 three G5140 days G2250 and G2532 three G5140 nights G3571 in G1722 the whale's G2785 belly; G2836 so G3779 shall the Son G5207 of man G444 be G2071 three G5140 days G2250 and G2532 three G5140 nights G3571 in G1722 the heart G2588 of the earth. G1093 The men G435 of Nineveh G3536 shall rise G450 in G1722 judgment G2920 with G3326 this G5026 generation, G1074 and G2532 shall condemn G2632 it: G846 because G3754 they repented G3340 at G1519 the preaching G2782 of Jonas; G2495 and, G2532 behold, G2400 a greater than G4119 Jonas G2495 is here. G5602 The queen G938 of the south G3558 shall rise up G1453 in G1722 the judgment G2920 with G3326 this G5026 generation, G1074 and G2532 shall condemn G2632 it: G846 for G3754 she came G2064 from G1537 the uttermost parts G4009 of the earth G1093 to hear G191 the wisdom G4678 of Solomon; G4672 and, G2532 behold, G2400 a greater than G4119 Solomon G4672 is here. G5602
The Pharisees G5330 also G2532 with the Sadducees G4523 came, G4334 and G2532 tempting G3985 desired G1905 him G846 that he would shew G1925 them G846 a sign G4592 from G1537 heaven. G3772 G1161 He answered G611 and said G2036 unto them, G846 When it is G1096 evening, G3798 ye say, G3004 It will be fair weather: G2105 for G1063 the sky G3772 is red. G4449 And G2532 in the morning, G4404 It will be foul weather G5494 to day: G4594 for G1063 the sky G3772 is red G4449 and lowring. G4768 O ye hypocrites, G5273 ye can G1097 discern G1252 G3303 the face G4383 of the sky; G3772 but G1161 can ye G1410 not G3756 discern the signs G4592 of the times? G2540 A wicked G4190 and G2532 adulterous G3428 generation G1074 seeketh after G1934 a sign; G4592 and G2532 there shall no G3756 sign G4592 be given G1325 unto it, G846 but G1508 the sign G4592 of the prophet G4396 Jonas. G2495 And G2532 he left G2641 them, G846 and departed. G565
And G2532 when he G846 was come G2064 into G1519 the temple, G2411 the chief priests G749 and G2532 the elders G4245 of the people G2992 came G4334 unto him G846 as he was teaching, G1321 and said, G3004 By G1722 what G4169 authority G1849 doest thou G4160 these things? G5023 and G2532 who G5101 gave G1325 thee G4671 this G5026 authority? G1849
And G2532 the Pharisees G5330 came forth, G1831 and G2532 began G756 to question G4802 with him, G846 seeking G2212 of G3844 him G846 a sign G4592 from G575 heaven, G3772 tempting G3985 him. G846
And G2532 they come G2064 again G3825 to G1519 Jerusalem: G2414 and G2532 as he G846 was walking G4043 in G1722 the temple, G2411 there come G2064 to G4314 him G846 the chief priests, G749 and G2532 the scribes, G1122 and G2532 the elders, G4245 And G2532 say G3004 unto him, G846 By G1722 what G4169 authority G1849 doest thou G4160 these things? G5023 and G2532 who G5101 gave G1325 thee G4671 this G5026 authority G1849 to G2443 do G4160 these things? G5023
And G1161 when the people G3793 were gathered thick together, G1865 he began G756 to say, G3004 This G3778 is G2076 an evil G4190 generation: G1074 they seek G1934 a sign; G4592 and G2532 there shall G1325 no G3756 sign G4592 be given G1325 it, G846 but G1508 the sign G4592 of Jonas G2495 the prophet. G4396
And G2532 it came to pass, G1096 that on G1722 one G3391 of those G1565 days, G2250 as he G846 taught G1321 the people G2992 in G1722 the temple, G2411 and G2532 preached the gospel, G2097 the chief priests G749 and G2532 the scribes G1122 came upon G2186 him with G4862 the elders, G4245 And G2532 spake G2036 unto G4314 him, G846 saying, G3004 Tell G2036 us, G2254 by G1722 what G4169 authority G1849 doest thou G4160 these things? G5023 or G2228 who G5101 is he G2076 that gave G1325 thee G4671 this G5026 authority? G1849
And G2532 when they had set G2476 them G846 in G1722 the midst, G3319 they asked, G4441 By G1722 what G4169 power, G1411 or G2228 by G1722 what G4169 name, G3686 have G4160 ye G5210 done G4160 this? G5124
Saying, G3004 Did G3853 not G3756 we straitly G3852 command G3853 you G5213 that ye should G1321 not G3361 teach G1321 in G1909 this G5129 name? G3686 and, G2532 behold, G2400 ye have filled G4137 Jerusalem G2419 with your G5216 doctrine, G1322 and G2532 intend G1014 to bring G1863 this G5127 man's G444 blood G129 upon G1909 us. G2248
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible » Commentary on John 2
Commentary on John 2 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
CHAPTER 2
Joh 2:1-12. First Miracle, Water Made Wine—Brief Visit to Capernaum.
1. third day—He would take two days to reach Galilee, and this was the third.
mother there—it being probably some relative's marriage. John never names her [Bengel].
3. no wine—evidently expecting some display of His glory, and hinting that now was His time.
4, 5. Woman—no term of disrespect in the language of that day (Joh 19:26).
what … to do with thee—that is, "In my Father's business I have to do with Him only." It was a gentle rebuke for officious interference, entering a region from which all creatures were excluded (compare Ac 4:19, 20).
mine hour, &c.—hinting that He would do something, but at His own time; and so she understood it (Joh 2:5).
6. firkins—about seven and a half gallons in Jewish, or nine in Attic measure; each of these huge water jars, therefore, holding some twenty or more gallons, for washings at such feasts (Mr 7:4).
7, 8. Fill … draw … bear—directing all, but Himself touching nothing, to prevent all appearance of collusion.
9, 10. well drunk—"drunk abundantly" (as So 5:1), speaking of the general practice.
10. the good wine … until now—thus testifying, while ignorant of the source of supply, not only that it was real wine, but better than any at the feast.
11. manifested forth his glory—Nothing in the least like this is said of the miracles of prophet or apostle, nor could without manifest blasphemy be said of any mere creature. Observe, (1) At a marriage Christ made His first public appearance in any company, and at a marriage He wrought His first miracle—the noblest sanction that could be given to that God-given institution. (2) As the miracle did not make bad good, but good better, so Christianity only redeems, sanctifies, and ennobles the beneficent but abused institution of marriage; and Christ's whole work only turns the water of earth into the wine of heaven. Thus "this beginning of miracles" exhibited the character and "manifested forth the glory" of His entire Mission. (3) As Christ countenanced our seasons of festivity, so also that greater fulness which befits such; so far was He from encouraging that asceticism which has since been so often put for all religion. (4) The character and authority ascribed by Romanists to the Virgin is directly in the teeth of this and other scriptures.
12. Capernaum—on the Sea of Galilee. (See on Mt 9:1).
his mother and his brethren—(See on Lu 2:51, and Mt 13:54-56).
Joh 2:13-25. Christ's First Passover—First Cleansing of the Temple.
14-17. in the temple—not the temple itself, as Joh 2:19-21, but the temple-court.
sold oxen, &c.—for the convenience of those who had to offer them in sacrifice.
changers of money—of Roman into Jewish money, in which the temple dues (see on Mt 17:24) had to be paid.
15. small cords—likely some of the rushes spread for bedding, and when twisted used to tie up the cattle there collected. "Not by this slender whip but by divine majesty was the ejection accomplished, the whip being but a sign of the scourge of divine anger" [Grotius].
poured out … overthrew—thus expressing the mingled indignation and authority of the impulse.
16. my Father's house—How close the resemblance of these remarkable words to Lu 2:49; the same consciousness of intrinsic relation to the temple—as the seat of His Father's most august worship, and so the symbol of all that is due to Him on earth—dictating both speeches. Only, when but a youth, with no authority, He was simply "a Son in His own house"; now He was "a Son over His own house" (Heb 3:6), the proper Representative, and in flesh "the Heir," of his Father's rights.
house of merchandise—There was nothing wrong in the merchandise; but to bring it, for their own and others' convenience, into that most sacred place, was a high-handed profanation which the eye of Jesus could not endure.
17. eaten me up—a glorious feature in the predicted character of the suffering Messiah (Ps 69:9), and rising high even in some not worthy to loose the latchet of His shoes. (Ex 32:19, &c.).
18-22. What sign showest thou unto us, seeing that thou doest these things?—Though the act and the words of Christ, taken together, were sign enough, they were unconvinced: yet they were awed, and though at His very next appearance at Jerusalem they "sought to kill Him" for speaking of "His Father" just as He did now (Joh 5:18), they, at this early stage, only ask a sign.
19. Destroy this temple, &c.—(See on Mr 14:58, 59).
20. Forty and six years—From the eighteenth year of Herod till then was just forty-six years [Josephus, Antiquities, 15.11.1].
21. temple of his body—in which was enshrined the glory of the eternal Word. (See on Joh 1:14). By its resurrection the true Temple of God upon earth was reared up, of which the stone one was but a shadow; so that the allusion is not quite exclusively to Himself, but takes in that Temple of which He is the foundation, and all believers are the "lively stones." (1Pe 2:4, 5).
22. believed the scripture—on this subject; that is, what was meant, which was hid from them till then. Mark (1) The act by which Christ signalized His first public appearance in the Temple. Taking "His fan in His hand, He purges His floor," not thoroughly indeed, but enough to foreshadow His last act towards that faithless people—to sweep them out of God's house. (2) The sign of His authority to do this is the announcement, at this first outset of His ministry, of that coming death by their hands, and resurrection by His own, which were to pave the way for their judicial ejection.
23-25. in the feast day—the foregoing things occurring probably before the feast began.
many believed—superficially, struck merely by "the miracles He did." Of these we have no record.
24. did not commit—"entrust," or let Himself down familiarly to them, as to His genuine disciples.
25. knew what was in man—It is impossible for language more clearly to assert of Christ what in Jer 17:9, 10, and elsewhere, is denied of all mere creatures.