1 This then was the lot of the tribe of the children of Judah by their families; even to the border of Edom the wilderness of Zin southward was the uttermost part of the south coast.
2 And their south border was from the shore of the salt sea, from the bay that looketh southward:
3 And it went out to the south side to Maalehacrabbim, and passed along to Zin, and ascended up on the south side unto Kadeshbarnea, and passed along to Hezron, and went up to Adar, and fetched a compass to Karkaa:
4 From thence it passed toward Azmon, and went out unto the river of Egypt; and the goings out of that coast were at the sea: this shall be your south coast.
5 And the east border was the salt sea, even unto the end of Jordan. And their border in the north quarter was from the bay of the sea at the uttermost part of Jordan:
6 And the border went up to Bethhogla, and passed along by the north of Betharabah; and the border went up to the stone of Bohan the son of Reuben:
7 And the border went up toward Debir from the valley of Achor, and so northward, looking toward Gilgal, that is before the going up to Adummim, which is on the south side of the river: and the border passed toward the waters of Enshemesh, and the goings out thereof were at Enrogel:
8 And the border went up by the valley of the son of Hinnom unto the south side of the Jebusite; the same is Jerusalem: and the border went up to the top of the mountain that lieth before the valley of Hinnom westward, which is at the end of the valley of the giants northward:
9 And the border was drawn from the top of the hill unto the fountain of the water of Nephtoah, and went out to the cities of mount Ephron; and the border was drawn to Baalah, which is Kirjathjearim:
10 And the border compassed from Baalah westward unto mount Seir, and passed along unto the side of mount Jearim, which is Chesalon, on the north side, and went down to Bethshemesh, and passed on to Timnah:
11 And the border went out unto the side of Ekron northward: and the border was drawn to Shicron, and passed along to mount Baalah, and went out unto Jabneel; and the goings out of the border were at the sea.
12 And the west border was to the great sea, and the coast thereof. This is the coast of the children of Judah round about according to their families.
13 And unto Caleb the son of Jephunneh he gave a part among the children of Judah, according to the commandment of the LORD to Joshua, even the city of Arba the father of Anak, which city is Hebron.
14 And Caleb drove thence the three sons of Anak, Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak.
15 And he went up thence to the inhabitants of Debir: and the name of Debir before was Kirjathsepher.
16 And Caleb said, He that smiteth Kirjathsepher, and taketh it, to him will I give Achsah my daughter to wife.
17 And Othniel the son of Kenaz, the brother of Caleb, took it: and he gave him Achsah his daughter to wife.
18 And it came to pass, as she came unto him, that she moved him to ask of her father a field: and she lighted off her ass; and Caleb said unto her, What wouldest thou?
19 Who answered, Give me a blessing; for thou hast given me a south land; give me also springs of water. And he gave her the upper springs, and the nether springs.
20 This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Judah according to their families.
21 And the uttermost cities of the tribe of the children of Judah toward the coast of Edom southward were Kabzeel, and Eder, and Jagur,
22 And Kinah, and Dimonah, and Adadah,
23 And Kedesh, and Hazor, and Ithnan,
24 Ziph, and Telem, and Bealoth,
25 And Hazor, Hadattah, and Kerioth, and Hezron, which is Hazor,
26 Amam, and Shema, and Moladah,
27 And Hazargaddah, and Heshmon, and Bethpalet,
28 And Hazarshual, and Beersheba, and Bizjothjah,
29 Baalah, and Iim, and Azem,
30 And Eltolad, and Chesil, and Hormah,
31 And Ziklag, and Madmannah, and Sansannah,
32 And Lebaoth, and Shilhim, and Ain, and Rimmon: all the cities are twenty and nine, with their villages:
33 And in the valley, Eshtaol, and Zoreah, and Ashnah,
34 And Zanoah, and Engannim, Tappuah, and Enam,
35 Jarmuth, and Adullam, Socoh, and Azekah,
36 And Sharaim, and Adithaim, and Gederah, and Gederothaim; fourteen cities with their villages:
37 Zenan, and Hadashah, and Migdalgad,
38 And Dilean, and Mizpeh, and Joktheel,
39 Lachish, and Bozkath, and Eglon,
40 And Cabbon, and Lahmam, and Kithlish,
41 And Gederoth, Bethdagon, and Naamah, and Makkedah; sixteen cities with their villages:
42 Libnah, and Ether, and Ashan,
43 And Jiphtah, and Ashnah, and Nezib,
44 And Keilah, and Achzib, and Mareshah; nine cities with their villages:
45 Ekron, with her towns and her villages:
46 From Ekron even unto the sea, all that lay near Ashdod, with their villages:
47 Ashdod with her towns and her villages, Gaza with her towns and her villages, unto the river of Egypt, and the great sea, and the border thereof:
48 And in the mountains, Shamir, and Jattir, and Socoh,
49 And Dannah, and Kirjathsannah, which is Debir,
50 And Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim,
51 And Goshen, and Holon, and Giloh; eleven cities with their villages:
52 Arab, and Dumah, and Eshean,
53 And Janum, and Bethtappuah, and Aphekah,
54 And Humtah, and Kirjatharba, which is Hebron, and Zior; nine cities with their villages:
55 Maon, Carmel, and Ziph, and Juttah,
56 And Jezreel, and Jokdeam, and Zanoah,
57 Cain, Gibeah, and Timnah; ten cities with their villages:
58 Halhul, Bethzur, and Gedor,
59 And Maarath, and Bethanoth, and Eltekon; six cities with their villages:
60 Kirjathbaal, which is Kirjathjearim, and Rabbah; two cities with their villages:
61 In the wilderness, Betharabah, Middin, and Secacah,
62 And Nibshan, and the city of Salt, and Engedi; six cities with their villages.
63 As for the Jebusites the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the children of Judah could not drive them out; but the Jebusites dwell with the children of Judah at Jerusalem unto this day.
1 This then was the lot H1486 of the tribe H4294 of the children H1121 of Judah H3063 by their families; H4940 even to the border H1366 of Edom H123 the wilderness H4057 of Zin H6790 southward H5045 was the uttermost part H7097 of the south coast. H8486
2 And their south H5045 border H1366 was from the shore H7097 of the salt H4417 sea, H3220 from the bay H3956 that looketh H6437 southward: H5045
3 And it went out H3318 to the south side H5045 to Maalehacrabbim, H4610 and passed H5674 along to Zin, H6790 and ascended up H5927 on the south side H5045 unto Kadeshbarnea, H6947 and passed H5674 along to Hezron, H2696 and went up H5927 to Adar, H146 and fetched a compass H5437 to Karkaa: H7173
4 From thence it passed H5674 toward Azmon, H6111 and went out H3318 unto the river H5158 of Egypt; H4714 and the goings out H8444 of that coast H1366 were at the sea: H3220 this shall be your south H5045 coast. H1366
5 And the east H6924 border H1366 was the salt H4417 sea, H3220 even unto the end H7097 of Jordan. H3383 And their border H1366 in the north H6828 quarter H6285 was from the bay H3956 of the sea H3220 at the uttermost part H7097 of Jordan: H3383
6 And the border H1366 went up H5927 to Bethhogla, H1031 and passed H5674 along by the north H6828 of Betharabah; H1026 and the border H1366 went up H5927 to the stone H68 of Bohan H932 the son H1121 of Reuben: H7205
7 And the border H1366 went up H5927 toward Debir H1688 from the valley H6010 of Achor, H5911 and so northward, H6828 looking H6437 toward Gilgal, H1537 that is before H5227 the going up H4608 to Adummim, H131 which is on the south side H5045 of the river: H5158 and the border H1366 passed H5674 toward the waters H4325 of Enshemesh, H5885 and the goings out H8444 thereof were at Enrogel: H5883
8 And the border H1366 went up H5927 by the valley H1516 of the son H1121 of Hinnom H2011 unto the south H5045 side H3802 of the Jebusite; H2983 the same is Jerusalem: H3389 and the border H1366 went up H5927 to the top H7218 of the mountain H2022 that lieth before H6440 the valley H1516 of Hinnom H2011 westward, H3220 which is at the end H7097 of the valley H6010 of the giants H7497 northward: H6828
9 And the border H1366 was drawn H8388 from the top H7218 of the hill H2022 unto the fountain H4599 of the water H4325 of Nephtoah, H5318 and went out H3318 to the cities H5892 of mount H2022 Ephron; H6085 and the border H1366 was drawn H8388 to Baalah, H1173 which is Kirjathjearim: H7157
10 And the border H1366 compassed H5437 from Baalah H1173 westward H3220 unto mount H2022 Seir, H8165 and passed H5674 along unto the side H3802 of mount H2022 Jearim, H3297 which is Chesalon, H3693 on the north side, H6828 and went down H3381 to Bethshemesh, H1053 and passed on H5674 to Timnah: H8553
11 And the border H1366 went out H3318 unto the side H3802 of Ekron H6138 northward: H6828 and the border H1366 was drawn H8388 to Shicron, H7942 and passed along H5674 to mount H2022 Baalah, H1173 and went out H3318 unto Jabneel; H2995 and the goings out H8444 of the border H1366 were at the sea. H3220
12 And the west H3220 border H1366 was to the great H1419 sea, H3220 and the coast H1366 thereof. This is the coast H1366 of the children H1121 of Judah H3063 round about H5439 according to their families. H4940
13 And unto Caleb H3612 the son H1121 of Jephunneh H3312 he gave H5414 a part H2506 among H8432 the children H1121 of Judah, H3063 according H413 to the commandment H6310 of the LORD H3068 to Joshua, H3091 even the city H7151 of Arba H704 H7153 the father H1 of Anak, H6061 which city is Hebron. H2275
14 And Caleb H3612 drove H3423 thence the three H7969 sons H1121 of Anak, H6061 Sheshai, H8344 and Ahiman, H289 and Talmai, H8526 the children H3211 of Anak. H6061
15 And he went up H5927 thence to the inhabitants H3427 of Debir: H1688 and the name H8034 of Debir H1688 before H6440 was Kirjathsepher. H7158
16 And Caleb H3612 said, H559 He that smiteth H5221 Kirjathsepher, H7158 and taketh H3920 it, to him will I give H5414 Achsah H5915 my daughter H1323 to wife. H802
17 And Othniel H6274 the son H1121 of Kenaz, H7073 the brother H251 of Caleb, H3612 took H3920 it: and he gave H5414 him Achsah H5915 his daughter H1323 to wife. H802
18 And it came to pass, as she came H935 unto him, that she moved H5496 him to ask H7592 of her father H1 a field: H7704 and she lighted off H6795 her ass; H2543 and Caleb H3612 said H559 unto her, What wouldest thou?
19 Who answered, H559 Give H5414 me a blessing; H1293 for thou hast given H5414 me a south H5045 land; H776 give H5414 me also springs H1543 of water. H4325 And he gave H5414 her the upper H5942 springs, H1543 and the nether H8482 springs. H1543
20 This is the inheritance H5159 of the tribe H4294 of the children H1121 of Judah H3063 according to their families. H4940
21 And the uttermost H7097 cities H5892 of the tribe H4294 of the children H1121 of Judah H3063 toward the coast H1366 of Edom H123 southward H5045 were Kabzeel, H6909 and Eder, H5740 and Jagur, H3017
22 And Kinah, H7016 and Dimonah, H1776 and Adadah, H5735
23 And Kedesh, H6943 and Hazor, H2674 and Ithnan, H3497
24 Ziph, H2128 and Telem, H2928 and Bealoth, H1175
25 And Hazor, H2674 Hadattah, H2675 and Kerioth, H7152 and Hezron, H2696 which is Hazor, H2674
26 Amam, H538 and Shema, H8090 and Moladah, H4137
27 And Hazargaddah, H2693 and Heshmon, H2829 and Bethpalet, H1046
28 And Hazarshual, H2705 and Beersheba, H884 and Bizjothjah, H964
29 Baalah, H1173 and Iim, H5864 and Azem, H6107
30 And Eltolad, H513 and Chesil, H3686 and Hormah, H2767
31 And Ziklag, H6860 and Madmannah, H4089 and Sansannah, H5578
32 And Lebaoth, H3822 and Shilhim, H7978 and Ain, H5871 and Rimmon: H7417 all the cities H5892 are twenty H6242 and nine, H8672 with their villages: H2691
33 And in the valley, H8219 Eshtaol, H847 and Zoreah, H6881 and Ashnah, H823
34 And Zanoah, H2182 and Engannim, H5873 Tappuah, H8599 and Enam, H5879
35 Jarmuth, H3412 and Adullam, H5725 Socoh, H7755 and Azekah, H5825
36 And Sharaim, H8189 and Adithaim, H5723 and Gederah, H1449 and Gederothaim; H1453 fourteen H702 H6240 cities H5892 with their villages: H2691
37 Zenan, H6799 and Hadashah, H2322 and Migdalgad, H4028
38 And Dilean, H1810 and Mizpeh, H4708 and Joktheel, H3371
39 Lachish, H3923 and Bozkath, H1218 and Eglon, H5700
40 And Cabbon, H3522 and Lahmam, H3903 and Kithlish, H3798
41 And Gederoth, H1450 Bethdagon, H1016 and Naamah, H5279 and Makkedah; H4719 sixteen H8337 H6240 cities H5892 with their villages: H2691
42 Libnah, H3841 and Ether, H6281 and Ashan, H6228
43 And Jiphtah, H3316 and Ashnah, H823 and Nezib, H5334
44 And Keilah, H7084 and Achzib, H392 and Mareshah; H4762 nine H8672 cities H5892 with their villages: H2691
45 Ekron, H6138 with her towns H1323 and her villages: H2691
46 From Ekron H6138 even unto the sea, H3220 all that lay near H3027 Ashdod, H795 with their villages: H2691
47 Ashdod H795 with her towns H1323 and her villages, H2691 Gaza H5804 with her towns H1323 and her villages, H2691 unto the river H5158 of Egypt, H4714 and the great H1419 H1366 sea, H3220 and the border H1366 thereof:
48 And in the mountains, H2022 Shamir, H8069 and Jattir, H3492 and Socoh, H7755
49 And Dannah, H1837 and Kirjathsannah, H7158 which is Debir, H1688
50 And Anab, H6024 and Eshtemoh, H851 and Anim, H6044
51 And Goshen, H1657 and Holon, H2473 and Giloh; H1542 eleven H259 H6240 cities H5892 with their villages: H2691
52 Arab, H694 and Dumah, H1746 and Eshean, H824
53 And Janum, H3241 and Bethtappuah, H1054 and Aphekah, H664
54 And Humtah, H2547 and Kirjatharba, H7153 which is Hebron, H2275 and Zior; H6730 nine H8672 cities H5892 with their villages: H2691
55 Maon, H4584 Carmel, H3760 and Ziph, H2128 and Juttah, H3194
56 And Jezreel, H3157 and Jokdeam, H3347 and Zanoah, H2182
57 Cain, H7014 Gibeah, H1390 and Timnah; H8553 ten H6235 cities H5892 with their villages: H2691
58 Halhul, H2478 Bethzur, H1049 and Gedor, H1446
59 And Maarath, H4638 and Bethanoth, H1042 and Eltekon; H515 six H8337 cities H5892 with their villages: H2691
60 Kirjathbaal, H7154 which is Kirjathjearim, H7157 and Rabbah; H7237 two H8147 cities H5892 with their villages: H2691
61 In the wilderness, H4057 Betharabah, H1026 Middin, H4081 and Secacah, H5527
62 And Nibshan, H5044 and the city of Salt, H5898 and Engedi; H5872 six H8337 cities H5892 with their villages. H2691
63 As for the Jebusites H2983 the inhabitants H3427 of Jerusalem, H3389 the children H1121 of Judah H3063 could H3201 H3201 not drive them out: H3423 but the Jebusites H2983 dwell H3427 with the children H1121 of Judah H3063 at Jerusalem H3389 unto this day. H3117
1 And the lot for the tribe of the children of Judah according to their families was unto the border of Edom, even to the wilderness of Zin southward, at the uttermost part of the south.
2 And their south border was from the uttermost part of the Salt Sea, from the bay that looketh southward;
3 and it went out southward of the ascent of Akrabbim, and passed along to Zin, and went up by the south of Kadesh-barnea, and passed along by Hezron, and went up to Addar, and turned about to Karka;
4 and it passed along to Azmon, and went out at the brook of Egypt; and the goings out of the border were at the sea: this shall be your south border.
5 And the east border was the Salt Sea, even unto the end of the Jordan. And the border of the north quarter was from the bay of the sea at the end of the Jordan;
6 and the border went up to Beth-hoglah, and passed along by the north of Beth-arabah; and the border went up to the stone of Bohan the son of Reuben;
7 and the border went up to Debir from the valley of Achor, and so northward, looking toward Gilgal, that is over against the ascent of Adummim, which is on the south side of the river; and the border passed along to the waters of En-shemesh, and the goings out thereof were at En-rogel;
8 and the border went up by the valley of the son of Hinnom unto the side of the Jebusite southward (the same is Jerusalem); and the border went up to the top of the mountain that lieth before the valley of Hinnom westward, which is at the uttermost part of the vale of Rephaim northward;
9 and the border extended from the top of the mountain unto the fountain of the waters of Nephtoah, and went out to the cities of mount Ephron; and the border extended to Baalah (the same is Kiriath-jearim);
10 and the border turned about from Baalah westward unto mount Seir, and passed along unto the side of mount Jearim on the north (the same is Chesalon), and went down to Beth-shemesh, and passed along by Timnah;
11 and the border went out unto the side of Ekron northward; and the border extended to Shikkeron, and passed along to mount Baalah, and went out at Jabneel; and the goings out of the border were at the sea.
12 And the west border was to the great sea, and the border `thereof'. This is the border of the children of Judah round about according to their families.
13 And unto Caleb the son of Jephunneh he gave a portion among the children of Judah, according to the commandment of Jehovah to Joshua, even Kiriath-arba, `which Arba was' the father of Anak (the same is Hebron).
14 And Caleb drove out thence the three sons of Anak: Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak.
15 And he went up thence against the inhabitants of Debir: now the name of Debir beforetime was Kiriath-sepher.
16 And Caleb said, He that smiteth Kiriath-sepher, and taketh it, to him will I give Achsah my daughter to wife.
17 And Othniel the son of Kenaz, the brother of Caleb, took it: and he gave him Achsah his daughter to wife.
18 And it came to pass, when she came `unto him', that she moved him to ask of her father a field: and she alighted from off her ass; and Caleb said, What wouldest thou?
19 And she said, Give me a blessing; for that thou hast set me in the land of the South, give me also springs of water. And he gave her the upper springs and the nether springs.
20 This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Judah according to their families.
21 And the uttermost cities of the tribe of the children of Judah toward the border of Edom in the South were Kabzeel, and Eder, and Jagur,
22 and Kinah, and Dimonah, and Adadah,
23 and Kedesh, and Hazor, and Ithnan,
24 Ziph, and Telem, and Bealoth,
25 and Hazor-hadattah, and Kerioth-hezron (the same is Hazor),
26 Amam, and Shema, and Moladah,
27 and Hazar-gaddah, and Heshmon, and Beth-pelet,
28 and Hazar-shual, and Beer-sheba, and Biziothiah,
29 Baalah, and Iim, and Ezem,
30 and Eltolad, and Chesil, and Hormah,
31 and Ziklag, and Madmannah, and Sansannah,
32 and Lebaoth, and Shilhim, and Ain, and Rimmon: all the cities are twenty and nine, with their villages.
33 In the lowland, Eshtaol, and Zorah, and Ashnah,
34 and Zanoah, and En-gannim, Tappuah, and Enam,
35 Jarmuth, and Adullam, Socoh, and Azekah,
36 and Shaaraim, and Adithaim, and Gederah, and Gederothaim; fourteen cities with their villages.
37 Zenan, and Hadashah, and Migdal-gad,
38 and Dilean, and Mizpeh, and Joktheel,
39 Lachish, and Bozkath, and Eglon,
40 and Cabbon, and Lahmam, and Chitlish,
41 and Gederoth, Beth-dagon, and Naamah, and Makkedah; sixteen cities with their villages.
42 Libnah, and Ether, and Ashan,
43 and Iphtah, and Ashnah, and Nezib,
44 and Keilah, and Achzib, and Mareshah; nine cities with their villages.
45 Ekron, with its towns and its villages;
46 from Ekron even unto the sea, all that were by the side of Ashdod, with their villages.
47 Ashdod, its towns and its villages; Gaza, its towns and its villages; unto the brook of Egypt, and the great sea, and the border `thereof'.
48 And in the hill-country, Shamir, and Jattir, and Socoh,
49 and Dannah, and Kiriath-sannah (the same is Debir),
50 and Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim,
51 and Goshen, and Holon, and Giloh; eleven cities with their villages.
52 Arab, and Dumah, and Eshan,
53 and Janim, and Beth-tappuah, and Aphekah,
54 and Humtah, and Kiriath-arba (the same is Hebron), and Zior; nine cities with their villages.
55 Maon, Carmel, and Ziph, and Jutah,
56 and Jezreel, and Jokdeam, and Zanoah,
57 Kain, Gibeah, and Timnah; ten cities with their villages.
58 Halhul, Beth-zur, and Gedor,
59 and Maarath, and Beth-anoth, and Eltekon; six cities with their villages.
60 Kiriath-baal (the same is Kiriath-jearim), and Rabbah; two cities with their villages.
61 In the wilderness, Beth-arabah, Middin, and Secacah,
62 and Nibshan, and the City of Salt, and En-gedi; six cities with their villages.
63 And as for the Jebusites, the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the children of Judah could not drive them out: but the Jebusites dwell with the children of Judah at Jerusalem unto this day.
1 And the lot for the tribe of the sons of Judah, for their families, is unto the border of Edom; the wilderness of Zin southward, at the extremity of the south;
2 and to them the south border is at the extremity of the salt sea, from the bay which is looking southward;
3 and it hath gone out unto the south to Maaleh-Akrabbim, and passed over to Zin, and gone up on the south to Kadesh-Barnea, and passed over `to' Hezron, and gone up to Adar, and turned round to Karkaa,
4 and passed over `to' Azmon, and gone out `at' the brook of Egypt, and the outgoings of the border have been at the sea; this is to you the south border.
5 And the east border `is' the salt sea, unto the extremity of the Jordan, and the border at the north quarter `is' from the bay of the sea, at the extremity of the Jordan;
6 and the border hath gone up `to' Beth-Hoglah, and passed over on the north of Beth-Arabah, and the border hath gone up `to' the stone of Bohan son of Reuben:
7 and the border hath gone up towards Debir from the valley of Achor, and northward looking unto Gilgal, which `is' over-against the ascent of Adummim, which `is' on the south of the brook, and the border hath passed over unto the waters of En-Shemesh, and its outgoings have been unto En-Rogel;
8 and the border hath gone up the valley of the son of Hinnom, unto the side of the Jebusite on the south (it `is' Jerusalem), and the border hath gone up unto the top of the hill-country which `is' on the front of the valley of Hinnom westward, which `is' in the extremity of the valley of the Rephaim northward;
9 and the border hath been marked out, from the top of the hill-country unto the fountain of the waters of Nephtoah, and hath gone out unto the cities of mount Ephron, and the border hath been marked out `to' Baalah, (it `is' Kirjath-Jearim);
10 and the border hath gone round from Baalah westward, unto mount Seir, and passed over unto the side of mount Jearim (it `is' Chesalon), on the north, and gone down `to' Beth-Shemesh, and passed over to Timnah;
11 and the border hath gone out unto the side of Ekron northward, and the border hath been marked out `to' Shicron, and hath passed over to mount Baalah, and gone out `to' Jabneel; and the outgoings of the border have been at the sea.
12 And the west border `is' to the great sea, and `its' border; this `is' the border of the sons of Judah round about for their families.
13 And to Caleb son of Jephunneh hath he given a portion in the midst of the sons of Judah, according to the command of Jehovah to Joshua, `even' the city of Arba, father of Anak -- it `is' Hebron.
14 And Caleb is dispossessing thence the three sons of Anak, Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, children of Anak,
15 and he goeth up thence unto the inhabitants of Debir; and the name of Debir formerly is Kirjath-Sepher.
16 And Caleb saith, `He who smiteth Kirjath-Sephar, and hath captured it -- I have given to him Achsah my daughter for a wife.'
17 And Othniel son of Kenaz, brother of Caleb, doth capture it, and he giveth to him Achsah his daughter for a wife.
18 And it cometh to pass, in her coming in, that she persuadeth him to ask from her father a field, and she lighteth from off the ass, and Caleb saith to her, `What -- to thee?'
19 And she saith, `Give to me a blessing; when the land of the south thou hast given me, then thou hast given to me springs of waters;' and he giveth to her the upper springs and the lower springs.
20 This `is' the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Judah, for their families.
21 And the cities at the extremity of the tribe of the sons of Judah are unto the border of Edom in the south, Kabzeel, and Eder, and Jagur,
22 and Kinah, and Dimonah, and Adadah,
23 and Kedesh, and Hazor, and Ithnan,
24 Ziph, and Telem, and Bealoth,
25 and Hazor, Hadattah, and Kerioth, Hezron, (it `is' Hazor,)
26 Amam, and Shema, and Moladah,
27 and Hazar-Gaddah, and Heshmon, and Beth-Palet,
28 and Hazar-Shual, and Beer-Sheba, and Bizjothjah,
29 Baalah, and Iim, and Azem,
30 And Eltolad, and Chesil, and Hormah,
31 and Ziklag, and Madmannah, and Sansannah,
32 and Lebaoth, and Shilhim, and Ain, and Rimmon; all the cities `are' twenty and nine, and their villages.
33 In the low country: Eshtaol, and Zoreah, and Ashnah,
34 and Zanoah, and En-Gannim, Tappuah, and Enam,
35 Jarmuth, and Adullam, Socoh, and Azekah,
36 and Sharaim, and Adithaim, and Gederah, and Gederothaim; fourteen cities and their villages.
37 Zenan, and Hadashah, and Migdal-Gad,
38 and Dilean, and Mizpeh, and Joktheel,
39 Lachish, and Bozkath, and Eglon,
40 and Cabbon, and Lahmam, and Kithlish,
41 and Gederoth, Beth-Dagon, and Naamah, and Makkedah; sixteen cities and their villages.
42 Libnah, and Ether, and Ashan,
43 and Jiphtah, and Ashnah, and Nezib,
44 and Keilah, and Achzib, and Mareshah; nine cities and their villages.
45 Ekron and its towns and its villages,
46 from Ekron and westward, all that `are' by the side of Ashdod, and their villages.
47 Ashdod, its towns and its villages, Gaza, its towns and its villages, unto the brook of Egypt, and the great sea, and `its' border.
48 And in the hill-country: Shamir, and Jattir, and Socoh,
49 and Dannah, and Kirjath-Sannah (it `is' Debir)
50 and Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim,
51 and Goshen, and Holon, and Giloh; eleven cities and their villages.
52 Arab, and Dumah, and Eshean,
53 and Janum, and Beth-Tappuah, and Aphekah,
54 and Humtah, and Kirjath-Arba (it `is' Hebron), and Zior; nine cities and their villages.
55 Maon, Carmel, and Ziph, and Juttah,
56 and Jezreel, and Jokdeam, and Zanoah,
57 Cain, Gibeah, and Timnah; ten cities and their villages.
58 Halhul, Beth-Zur, and Gedor,
59 and Maarath, and Beth-Anoth, and Eltekon; six cities and their villages.
60 Kirjath-Baal (it `is' Kirjath-Jearim), and Rabbah; two cities and their villages.
61 In the wilderness: Beth-Arabah, Middin, and Secacah,
62 and Nibshan, and the city of Salt, and En-Gedi; six cities and their villages.
63 As to the Jebusites, inhabitants of Jerusalem, the sons of Judah have not been able to dispossess them, and the Jebusite dwelleth with the sons of Judah in Jerusalem unto this day.
1 And the lot of the tribe of the children of Judah according to their families was: to the border of Edom, the wilderness of Zin, southward, in the extreme south.
2 And their southern border was from the end of the salt sea, from the tongue that turns southward;
3 and it went out south of the ascent of Akrabbim, and passed on to Zin, and went up on the south of Kadesh-barnea, and passed to Hezron, and went up toward Addar, and turned toward Karkaah,
4 and passed on to Azmon, and went out by the torrent of Egypt; and the border ended at the sea. That shall be your border southward.
5 -- And the eastern border was the salt sea as far as the end of the Jordan. -- And the border on the north side was from the tongue of the salt sea, at the end of the Jordan;
6 and the border went up toward Beth-hoglah, and passed north of Beth-Arabah; and the border went up to the stone of Bohan, the son of Reuben;
7 and the border went up toward Debir from the valley of Achor, and turned northward to Gilgal, which is opposite to the ascent of Adummim, which is on the south side of the torrent; and the border passed to the waters of En-shemesh, and ended at En-rogel;
8 and the border went up to the valley of the son of Hinnom, toward the south side of the Jebusite, that is, Jerusalem; and the border went up to the top of the mountain that is before the valley of Hinnom westward, which is at the end of the valley of Rephaim northward;
9 and the border reached along from the top of the mountain toward the spring of the waters of Nephtoah, and went out toward the cities of mount Ephron; and the border reached along to Baalah, that is, Kirjath-jearim;
10 and the border turned from Baalah westwards toward mount Seir, and passed toward the side of Har-jearim, that is, Chesalon, northwards, and went down to Beth-shemesh, and passed Timnah.
11 And the border went out to the side of Ekron northwards, and the border reached along toward Shicron, and passed mount Baalah, and went toward Jabneel; and the border ended at the sea.
12 -- And the west border is the great sea and [its] coast. This is the border of the children of Judah round about, according to their families.
13 And to Caleb the son of Jephunneh he gave a portion among the children of Judah according to the commandment of Jehovah to Joshua, the city of Arba, the father of Anak, that is, Hebron.
14 And thence Caleb dispossessed the three sons of Anak, Sheshai and Ahiman and Talmai, who were born of Anak.
15 And from there he went up against the inhabitants of Debir; now the name of Debir before was Kirjath-sepher.
16 And Caleb said, He that smites Kirjath-sepher and takes it, to him will I give Achsah my daughter as wife.
17 And Othniel the son of Kenaz, the brother of Caleb, took it; and he gave him Achsah his daughter as wife.
18 And it came to pass as she came, that she urged him to ask of her father a field; and she sprang down from the ass. And Caleb said to her, What wouldest thou?
19 And she said, Give me a blessing; for thou hast given me a southern land; give me also springs of water. Then he gave her the upper springs and the lower springs.
20 This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Judah according to their families.
21 The cities at the extremity of the tribe of the children of Judah, toward the border of Edom in the south, were: Kabzeel, and Eder, and Jagur,
22 and Kinah, and Dimonah, and Adadah,
23 and Kedesh, and Hazor, and Jithnan,
24 Ziph, and Telem, and Bealoth,
25 and Hazor-hadattah, and Kerioth-Hezron, that is Hazor,
26 Amam, and Shema, and Molada,
27 and Hazar-gaddah, and Heshmon, and Beth-Pelet,
28 and Hazar-Shual, and Beer-sheba, and Biziothiah;
29 Baalah, and Ijim, and Ezem,
30 and Eltolad, and Chesil, and Hormah,
31 and Ziklag, and Madmannah, and Sansanna,
32 and Lebaoth, and Shilhim, and Ain, and Rimmon: all the cities twenty-nine, and their hamlets.
33 -- In the lowland: Eshtaol, and Zoreah, and Ashnah,
34 and Zanoah, and En-gannim, Tappuah and Enam,
35 Jarmuth and Adullam, Sochoh and Azekah,
36 and Shaaraim, and Adithaim, and Gederah, and Gederothaim: fourteen cities and their hamlets.
37 Zenan, and Hadashah, and Migdal-Gad,
38 and Dilean, and Mizpeh, and Joktheel,
39 Lachish, and Bozkath, and Eglon,
40 and Cabbon, and Lahmas, and Chithlish,
41 and Gederoth, Beth-Dagon, and Naamah, and Makkedah: sixteen cities and their hamlets.
42 Libna, and Ether, and Ashan,
43 and Jiphthah, and Ashnah, and Nezib,
44 and Keilah, and Achzib, and Mareshah: nine cities and their hamlets.
45 Ekron and its dependent villages and its hamlets.
46 From Ekron and westward all that are by the side of Ashdod, and their hamlets.
47 Ashdod, its dependent villages and its hamlets; Gazah, its dependent villages and its hamlets, as far as the torrent of Egypt, and the great sea and [its] coast.
48 -- And in the hill-country: Shamir, and Jattir, and Sochoh,
49 and Dannah, and Kirjath-sannah, that is, Debir,
50 and Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim,
51 and Goshen, and Holon, and Giloh: eleven cities and their hamlets.
52 Arab, and Dumah, and Eshan,
53 and Janum, and Beth-Tappuah, and Aphekah,
54 and Humtah, and Kirjath-Arba, that is, Hebron, and Zior: nine cities and their hamlets.
55 Maon, Carmel, and Ziph, and Jutah,
56 and Jizreel, and Jokdeam, and Zanoah,
57 Kain, Gibeah and Timnah: ten cities and their hamlets.
58 Halhul, Beth-Zur, and Gedor,
59 and Maarath, and Beth-anoth, and Eltekon: six cities and their hamlets.
60 Kirjath-Baal, that is, Kirjath-jearim, and Rabbah: two cities and their hamlets.
61 -- In the wilderness: Beth-Arabah, Middin, and Secacah,
62 and Nibshan, and Ir-Hammelah, and En-gedi: six cities and their hamlets.
63 But as for the Jebusites, the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the children of Judah could not dispossess them; and the Jebusites dwell with the children of Judah at Jerusalem to this day.
1 The lot for the tribe of the children of Judah according to their families was to the border of Edom, even to the wilderness of Zin southward, at the uttermost part of the south.
2 Their south border was from the uttermost part of the Salt Sea, from the bay that looks southward;
3 and it went out southward of the ascent of Akrabbim, and passed along to Zin, and went up by the south of Kadesh-barnea, and passed along by Hezron, and went up to Addar, and turned about to Karka;
4 and it passed along to Azmon, and went out at the brook of Egypt; and the goings out of the border were at the sea: this shall be your south border.
5 The east border was the Salt Sea, even to the end of the Jordan. The border of the north quarter was from the bay of the sea at the end of the Jordan;
6 and the border went up to Beth Hoglah, and passed along by the north of Beth Arabah; and the border went up to the stone of Bohan the son of Reuben;
7 and the border went up to Debir from the valley of Achor, and so northward, looking toward Gilgal, that is over against the ascent of Adummim, which is on the south side of the river; and the border passed along to the waters of En Shemesh, and the goings out of it were at En Rogel;
8 and the border went up by the valley of the son of Hinnom to the side of the Jebusite southward (the same is Jerusalem); and the border went up to the top of the mountain that lies before the valley of Hinnom westward, which is at the uttermost part of the valley of Rephaim northward;
9 and the border extended from the top of the mountain to the spring of the waters of Nephtoah, and went out to the cities of Mount Ephron; and the border extended to Baalah (the same is Kiriath Jearim);
10 and the border turned about from Baalah westward to Mount Seir, and passed along to the side of Mount Jearim on the north (the same is Chesalon), and went down to Beth-shemesh, and passed along by Timnah;
11 and the border went out to the side of Ekron northward; and the border extended to Shikkeron, and passed along to Mount Baalah, and went out at Jabneel; and the goings out of the border were at the sea.
12 The west border was to the great sea, and the border [of it]. This is the border of the children of Judah round about according to their families.
13 To Caleb the son of Jephunneh he gave a portion among the children of Judah, according to the commandment of Yahweh to Joshua, even Kiriath Arba, [which Arba was] the father of Anak (the same is Hebron).
14 Caleb drove out there the three sons of Anak: Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak.
15 He went up there against the inhabitants of Debir: now the name of Debir before was Kiriath Sepher.
16 Caleb said, He who strikes Kiriath Sepher, and takes it, to him will I give Achsah my daughter as wife.
17 Othniel the son of Kenaz, the brother of Caleb, took it: and he gave him Achsah his daughter as wife.
18 It happened, when she came [to him], that she moved him to ask of her father a field: and she alighted from off her donkey; and Caleb said, What would you?
19 She said, Give me a blessing; for that you have set me in the land of the South, give me also springs of water. He gave her the upper springs and the lower springs.
20 This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Judah according to their families.
21 The uttermost cities of the tribe of the children of Judah toward the border of Edom in the South were Kabzeel, and Eder, and Jagur,
22 and Kinah, and Dimonah, and Adadah,
23 and Kedesh, and Hazor, and Ithnan,
24 Ziph, and Telem, and Bealoth,
25 Hazor Hadattah, Kerioth, Hezron (the same is Hazor),
26 Amam, and Shema, and Moladah,
27 and Hazar Gaddah, and Heshmon, and Beth Pelet,
28 and Hazar Shual, and Beersheba, and Biziothiah,
29 Baalah, and Iim, and Ezem,
30 and Eltolad, and Chesil, and Hormah,
31 and Ziklag, and Madmannah, and Sansannah,
32 and Lebaoth, and Shilhim, and Ain, and Rimmon: all the cities are twenty-nine, with their villages.
33 In the lowland, Eshtaol, and Zorah, and Ashnah,
34 and Zanoah, and En Gannim, Tappuah, and Enam,
35 Jarmuth, and Adullam, Socoh, and Azekah,
36 and Shaaraim, and Adithaim, and Gederah, and Gederothaim; fourteen cities with their villages.
37 Zenan, and Hadashah, and Migdal-gad,
38 and Dilean, and Mizpeh, and Joktheel,
39 Lachish, and Bozkath, and Eglon,
40 and Cabbon, and Lahmam, and Chitlish,
41 and Gederoth, Beth Dagon, and Naamah, and Makkedah; sixteen cities with their villages.
42 Libnah, and Ether, and Ashan,
43 and Iphtah, and Ashnah, and Nezib,
44 and Keilah, and Achzib, and Mareshah; nine cities with their villages.
45 Ekron, with its towns and its villages;
46 from Ekron even to the sea, all that were by the side of Ashdod, with their villages.
47 Ashdod, its towns and its villages; Gaza, its towns and its villages; to the brook of Egypt, and the great sea, and the border [of it].
48 In the hill-country, Shamir, and Jattir, and Socoh,
49 and Dannah, and Kiriath Sannah (the same is Debir),
50 and Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim,
51 and Goshen, and Holon, and Giloh; eleven cities with their villages.
52 Arab, and Dumah, and Eshan,
53 and Janim, and Beth Tappuah, and Aphekah,
54 and Humtah, and Kiriath Arba (the same is Hebron), and Zior; nine cities with their villages.
55 Maon, Carmel, and Ziph, and Jutah,
56 and Jezreel, and Jokdeam, and Zanoah,
57 Kain, Gibeah, and Timnah; ten cities with their villages.
58 Halhul, Beth Zur, and Gedor,
59 and Maarath, and Beth Anoth, and Eltekon; six cities with their villages.
60 Kiriath Baal (the same is Kiriath Jearim), and Rabbah; two cities with their villages.
61 In the wilderness, Beth Arabah, Middin, and Secacah,
62 and Nibshan, and the City of Salt, and En Gedi; six cities with their villages.
63 As for the Jebusites, the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the children of Judah couldn't drive them out: but the Jebusites dwell with the children of Judah at Jerusalem to this day.
1 Now the part of the land marked out for the children of Judah by families, went up to the edge of Edom, as far as the waste land of Zin to the south, to the farthest point of it on the south.
2 Their south limit was from the farthest part of the Salt Sea, from the inlet looking to the south:
3 From there it goes south of the slope up to Akrabbim, and on to Zin, then south past Kadesh-barnea, and on by Hezron and up to Addar, turning in the direction of Karka:
4 Then on to Azmon, ending at the stream of Egypt: and the end of the limit is at the sea; this will be your limit on the south.
5 And the east limit is the Salt Sea as far as the end of Jordan. And the limit of the north part of the land is from the inlet of the sea at the end of Jordan:
6 Then the line goes up to Beth-hoglah, past the north of Beth-arabah, and up to the stone of Bohan, the son of Reuben;
7 Then the line goes up to Debir from the valley of Achor, and so to the north, in the direction of Gilgal, which is opposite the slope up to Adummim, on the south side of the river: and the line goes on to the waters of En-shemesh, ending at En-rogel:
8 Then the line goes up by the valley of the son of Hinnom to the south side of the Jebusite (which is Jerusalem): then up to the top of the mountain in front of the valley of Hinnom to the west, which is at the farthest point of the valley of Rephaim on the north:
9 And the limit is marked out from the top of the mountain to the fountain of the waters of Nephtoah, and out to the towns of Mount Ephron, as far as Baalah (which is Kiriath-jearim):
10 Then turning west, the line goes from Baalah to Mount Seir, and on to the side of Mount Jearim (which is Chesalon) on the north, then down to Beth-shemesh, and on past Timnah:
11 And out to the side of Ekron to the north: then it is marked out to Shikkeron and on to Mount Baalah, ending at Jabneel; the end of the line is at the sea.
12 And the limit on the west is the edge of the Great Sea. This is the line going round the land marked out for the children of Judah, by their families.
13 And to Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, he gave a part among the children of Judah, as the Lord had given orders to Joshua, that is, Kiriath-arba, named after Arba, the father of Anak which is Hebron.
14 And the three sons of Anak, Sheshai and Ahiman and Talmai, the children of Anak, were forced out from there by Caleb.
15 From there he went up against the people of Debir: (now the name of Debir before that was Kiriath-sepher.)
16 And Caleb said, I will give Achsah, my daughter, as wife to the man who overcomes Kiriath-sepher and takes it.
17 And Othniel, the son of Kenaz, Caleb's brother, took it: so he gave him his daughter Achsah for his wife.
18 Now when she came to him, he put into her mind the idea of requesting a field from her father: and she got down from her ass; and Caleb said to her, What is it?
19 And she said, Give me a blessing; because you have put me in dry south-land, now give me springs of water. So he gave her the higher spring and the lower spring.
20 This is the heritage of the tribe of Judah, by their families.
21 The farthest towns of the tribe of Judah in the direction of the limits of Edom to the south, were Kabzeel, and Eder, and Jagur;
22 And Kinah, and Dimonah, and Adadah;
23 And Kedesh, and Hazor, and Ithnan;
24 Ziph, and Telem, and Bealoth;
25 And Hazor-hadattah, and Kerioth-hezron (which is Hazor);
26 Amam, and Shema, and Moladah;
27 And Hazar-gaddah, and Heshmon, and Beth-pelet;
28 And Hazar-shual, and Beer-sheba, and Biziothiah;
29 Baalah, and Iim, and Ezem;
30 And Eltolad, and Chesil, and Hormah;
31 And Ziklag, and Madmannah, and Sansannah;
32 And Lebaoth, and Shilhim, and Ain, and Rimmon; all the towns are twenty-nine, with their unwalled places.
33 In the lowland, Eshtaol, and Zorah, and Ashnah;
34 And Zanoah, and En-gannim, Tappuah, and Enam;
35 Jarmuth, and Adullam, Socoh, and Azekah;
36 And Shaaraim, and Adithaim, and Gederah, and Gederothaim; fourteen towns with their unwalled places.
37 Zenan, and Hadashah, and Migdal-gad;
38 And Dilan, and Mizpeh, and Joktheel;
39 Lachish, and Bozkath, and Eglon;
40 And Cabbon, and Lahmas, and Chithlish;
41 And Gederoth, Beth-dagon, and Naamah, and Makkedah; sixteen towns with their unwalled places.
42 Libnah, and Ether, and Ashan;
43 And Iphtah, and Ashnah, and Nezib;
44 And Keilah, and Achzib, and Mareshah; nine towns with their unwalled places.
45 Ekron, with her daughter-towns and her unwalled places;
46 From Ekron to the sea, all the towns by the side of Ashdod, with their unwalled places.
47 Ashdod, with her daughter-towns and her unwalled places; Gaza, with her daughter-towns and her unwalled places, to the stream of Egypt, with the Great Sea as a limit.
48 And in the hill-country, Shamir, and Jattir, and Socoh;
49 And Dannah, and Kiriath-sannah (which is Debir);
50 And Anab, and Eshtemoh, and Anim;
51 And Goshen, and Holon, and Giloh; eleven towns with their unwalled places.
52 Arab, and Dumah, and Eshan;
53 And Janim, and Beth-tappuah, and Aphekah;
54 And Humtah, and Kiriath-arba (which is Hebron), and Zior; nine towns with their unwalled places.
55 Maon, Carmel, and Ziph, and Jutah;
56 And Jezreel, and Jokdeam, and Zanoah;
57 Kain, Gibeah, and Timnah; ten towns with their unwalled places.
58 Halhul, Beth-zur, and Gedor;
59 And Maarath, and Beth-anoth, and Eltekon; six towns with their unwalled places.
60 Kiriath-baal (which is Kiriath-jearim), and Rabbah; two towns with their unwalled places.
61 In the waste land, Beth-arabah, Middin, and Secacah;
62 And Nibshan, and the Town of Salt, and En-gedi; six towns with their unwalled places.
63 And as for the Jebusites living in Jerusalem, the children of Judah were unable to make them go out; but the Jebusites are living with the children of Judah at Jerusalem, to this day.
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » John Gill's Exposition of the Bible » Commentary on Joshua 15
Commentary on Joshua 15 John Gill's Exposition of the Bible
INTRODUCTION TO JOSHUA 15
In this chapter are related the boundaries of the lot of the tribe of Judah, Joshua 15:1; and the assignment of Hebron to Caleb, from whence he drove out the giants, and of Debir, which was taken by Othniel his brother, to whom, on that account, he gave his daughter in marriage, who made a further request to her father, which was granted, Joshua 15:13; and then follows an account of the several cities by name, which fell to the tribe of Judah, Joshua 15:20.
This then was the lot of the tribe of the children of Judah by their families,.... The land of Canaan was divided by lot to the several tribes, and the tribe of Judah had its lot first; of the manner of casting lots; see Gill on Numbers 26:55; It seems as if the lot was first cast for the tribes of Judah and Joseph, when the former had the southern, and the latter the northern part of the land for their portion, which was done in Gilgal; after this lots were cast in Shiloh for the other seven tribes, who had the land divided among them, which lay between Judah and Joseph, or between the southern and northern parts of the land, see Joshua 18:1, &c. and it seems that not only the land was divided to the tribes by lot, but that the portion of land which belonged to each tribe was divided in the same way to the several families and households belonging thereunto; as is here suggested, with respect to the tribe of Judah, whose lot reached
even to the border of Edom; or Idumea, which lay to the south of the land of Canaan:
the wilderness of Zin southward was the uttermost part of the south coast; the same with Kadesh, and lay upon the borders of Edom; see Numbers 33:36.
And their south border was from the shore of the salt sea,.... Sometimes called the dead sea, the sea of Sodom, and the lake Asphaltites, which, as Jarchi observes, was southeast of the land of Israel:
from the bay that looketh southward; or the "tongue", as the Hebrew, which the Targum and Kimchi interpret of a rock or promontory, the point that ran out into the sea, looking to the southeast.
And it went out to the south side of Maalehacrabbim,.... Or the ascent of Akrabbim, as it is called; see Gill on Numbers 34:4,
and passed along to Zin, and ascended upon the south side unto Kadeshbarnea; which perfectly agrees with the southern border of the land, as described in Numbers 34:4,
and passed along to Hezron, and went up to Adar; which two places being near to one another, as is very likely, are put together, as if one place, and called Hazaraddar, Numbers 34:4; and mention is made of Hezron, which is Hazor, Joshua 15:25; but not of Adar:
and fetched a compass to Karkaa; which JeromF23De loc. Heb. fol. 88. E. 90. C. calls Acchara, a village in the wilderness; and if the same with Carcaria, it was according to him a day's journey from Petra in Idumea; but that is not likely; see Judges 8:10.
From thence it passed towards Azmon, and went out unto the river of Egypt,.... In like manner is this coast described, Numbers 34:5; it is called by JeromF24De loc. Heb. fol. 87. K. Asemona, and said to be a city in the desert, to the south of Judah, dividing Egypt, and the lot of the tribe of Judah, leading to the sea:
and the outgoings of that coast were at the sea; the Mediterranean sea; or to the west, as the Targum; this was the utmost border of the tribe of Judah this way:
this shall be your south coast; of the lot that fell to the tribe of Judah.
And the east border was the salt sea, even unto the end of Jordan,.... To the place where Jordan fell into it; so that this border was the whole length of the salt sea, which Josephus saysF25De Bello Jud. l. 4. c. 8. sect. 4. was five hundred eighty furlongs; and, according to PlinyF26Nat. Hist. l. 5. c. 16. , an hundred miles:
and their border in the north quarter was from the bay of the sea,
at the uttermost part of Jordan; this northern border began where the eastern ended, at the bay or creek of the sea, where Jordan fell into it.
And the border went up to Bethhoglah,.... A place in the tribe of Benjamin, mentioned along with Jericho, and probably near it, Joshua 18:21; JeromF1De loc. Heb. fol. 87. G. speaks of a place called Betagla, in his time, which was three miles from Jericho, and two from Jordan, and perhaps is this same place:
and passed along by the north of Betharabah; another city belonged to Benjamin, Joshua 18:22; and lay in a as its name shows; or in a plain, as the Targum:
and the border went up to the stone of Bohan the son of Reuben; by whom, or on whose account, it was placed, either as a sepulchral stone, he being buried there, or in memory of some famous exploit done by him there, he being one of those of the tribe of Reuben, that came with Joshua to assist in the war against the Canaanites; or it was set for a sign of the border, as Kimchi thinks, it being the boundary between Judah and Benjamin, Joshua 18:17. Bunting saysF2Travels, &c. p. 144. it is near Bahurim, in the valley just in the king's way, and is of an extraordinary greatness, shining like marble.
And the border went up towards Debir,.... This was neither the Debir in the tribe of Gad, on the other side Jordan, Joshua 13:26; nor that in the tribe of Judah near Hebron, Joshua 15:15; but a third city of that name, and was not far from Jericho:
from the valley of Achor; where Achan was put to death, and had its name from thence; which, according to Jarchi, lay between the stone of Bohan and Debir:
and so northward, looking towards Gilgal; not the place where Israel were encamped when this lot was made, but it seems to be the same that is called Geliloth, Joshua 18:17,
that is, the going up to Adummim; which, Jerom saysF3De loc. Heb. fol. 88. E. F. , was formerly a little village, now in ruins, in the lot of the tribe of Judah, which place is called to this day Maledomim; and by the Greeks "the ascent of the red ones", because of the blood which was there frequently shed by thieves: it lies on the borders of Judah and Benjamin, as you go from Jerusalem to Jericho, where there is a garrison of soldiers for the help of travellers, and is supposed to be the place where the man fell among thieves in his way from the one to the other, Luke 10:30. It was four miles distant from Jericho to the west, according to AdrichomiusF4Theatrum Terrae Sanct. p. 14. , and was a mountain, and part of the mountains of Engaddi:
which is on the south side of the river; which some take to be the brook Kidron; but that is not very likely, being too near Jerusalem for this place: it may be rendered "the valley", so Jarchi, either the valley of Achor, before mentioned, or however a valley that ran along by the mount or ascent of Adummim, which lay to the south of it:
and the border passed to the waters of Enshemesh: or the "fountain of the sun"; but of it we have no account what and where it was. It might be so called, because dedicated to the sun by the idolatrous Canaanites, or because of the sun's influence on the waters of it. Our city, Bath, is, by AntoninusF5Vid. Cambden's Britannia, p. 141. , called "aquae solis", the waters of the sun; though there is a fountain in Cyrene, so called, for a reason just the reverse, it being, as MelaF6De Situ Orbis, l. 1. c. 8. and PlinyF7Nat. Hist. l. 2. c. 103. affirm, hottest the middle of the night, and then grows cooler by little and little; and when it is light is cold, and when the sun is risen is colder still, and at noon exceeding cold; and, according to VossiusF8Observat. in Pompon. Mel. ut supra. (De Situ Orbis, l. 1. c. 8.) , it is the same with the fountain of Jupiter Ammon; and so it appears to be from HerodotusF9Melpomene, sive, l. 4. c. 181. , by whom it is also called the "fountain of the sun", and which he places in Thebes, though Pliny distinguishes them:
and the goings out thereof were at Enrogel; which signifies "the fountain of the fuller"; so the Targum renders it, and probably was a fountain where fullers cleansed their clothes; and was called Rogel, as Jarchi and Kimchi say, because they used to tread them with their feet when they washed them. This was a place near Jerusalem, as appears from 1 Kings 1:9; near to which perhaps was the fuller's monument, at the corner tower of Jerusalem, JosephusF11De Bello Jud. l. 5. c. 4. sect. 2. speaks of, as there was also a place not far from it called the fuller's field, Isaiah 7:3; according to BuntingF12Travels, p. 148. , it had its name from travellers washing their feet here.
And the border went up by the valley of the son of Hinnom,.... Which belonged to a man of that name formerly; and was near Jerusalem, placed by JeromF12De loc. Heb. fol. 91. B. to the east of it; but RelandF13Palest. lllustrat. tom. 1. p. 253. rather thinks it is to the south. It was infamous for the sacrifices of children to Moloch in it, by burning them, or causing them to pass through fire: hence, in allusion to it, hell fire is often in the New Testament called "Geenna", Matthew 5:22 Luke 12:5; this border from the salt sea, and from Jordan, is all along said to "go up", because from hence to Jerusalem was an ascent, that lying on higher ground:
unto the south side of the Jebusite; of the place the Jebusite inhabited:
the same is Jerusalem; which was formerly called Jebus, from the inhabitants of it; yea, Jebusi, as here, and so may intend not the inhabitants, but the place, see Joshua 18:28; and here the Jebusites lived, at least in some part of it, until the time of David, 2 Samuel 5:6,
and the border went up to the top of the mountain that lieth before the valley of Hinnom westward: which is generally supposed to be the mount Moriah:
which is at the end of the valley of the giants, northward: the valley of Rephaim, as it is called 2 Samuel 5:18, and here Mount Moriah, as it was to the west of the valley of Hinnom, it was to the north of the valley of Rephaim; which valley, as JosephusF14Antiqu. l. 7. c. 4. sect. 1. & 12. 4. says, was not far from Jerusalem, twenty furlongs from it. Some late travellersF15Egmont and Heyman's Travels, vol. 1. p. 370. tell us it lies in the way from Jerusalem to Bethlehem, and is not above two hours' ride from the former. From this account it appears, as Jarchi remarks, that Jerusalem was not within the line, and was not in the border of Judah, but of Benjamin, which tribe lay to the north of Judah: it seems indeed to have been one part of it in the tribe of Judah, and the other in the tribe of Benjamin; though the Jews frequently say it did not belong to either tribe.
And the border was drawn from the top of the hill,.... Mount Moriah, and went round in a circuit, so Jarchi and Kimchi:
unto the fountain of the water of Nephtoah; which lay at the bottom of it; which, according to the Jewish writers, is the same with the fountain of Etam, from whence a stream flowed to the dipping room in the water gate of the temple, where the high priest for the first time dipped himself on the day of atonementF16T. Bab. Yoma, fol. 31. 1. & Gloss. in ib. & T. Bab. Zebachim, fol. 54. 2. Kimchi in loc. :
and went out to the cities of Mount Ephron; JeromF17De loc. Heb. fol. 91. A. speaks of an Ephron in the tribe of Judah, which was a very large village in his time, and went by the name of Ephraea, and was twenty miles from Aelia or Jerusalem to the north; and which Eusebius better places eight miles from it; and Jarchi observes, that the line went to the north side, and the border enlarged to this place; near to this mountain were cities, and it is not improbable that one of them might have its name from it; but whether this, or what mountain is here meant, is uncertain: some have thought of Ephraim, with its towns, mentioned in 2 Chronicles 13:19; which seems to have been in the tribe of Ephraim; though RelandF18Palestin. Illustrat. tom. 2. p. 765. places it in the tribe of Benjamin:
and the border was drawn to Baalah, which is Kirjathjearim; called Kirjathbaal, or the city of Baal, Joshua 15:60; where it is probable there was a temple of Baal; and when it came into the hands of the Israelites, they changed its name to Kirjathjearim, or the city of the woods, because of the great number of trees which grew about it; for which reason it might have been pitched upon by the Heathens for their idolatrous service; it was one of the cities of the Gibeonites, Joshua 9:17; and, according to Eusebius and JeromF19Apud ib. tom. 1. p. 488. , it was nine or ten miles from Jerusalem, as you go to Lydda; it is also called Baalah in 1 Chronicles 13:6; and Baale of Judah, 2 Samuel 6:2.
And the border compassed from Baalah westward unto Mount Seir,.... Not that in Idumea, so famous for its being the seat of Esau, which lay remote from hence, but a third of that name near Kirjathjearim; and which AdrichomiusF20Theatrum Terrae Sanct. p. 24. places on the borders of Azotus and Ashkelon: this compass is fetched from the north to the west:
and passed along unto the side of the mount Jearim, which is Chesalon, on the north side; that is, on the north side of the mount, which went by both those names; and which JeromF21De loc. Heb. fol. 90. F. places on the borders of Aelia or Jerusalem; but it seems to be at a distance from thence, and near to Kirjathjearim, and had its name, as that, from the multitude of trees that grow on it:
and went down to Bethshemesh; there were several cities of this name; but this, according to JeromF23Ib. fol. 89. H. , was a Levite's city in the tribe of Benjamin, and in his day was shown as you go from Eleutherepolis to Nicopolis or Emmaus, ten miles to the east; according to BurchardF24Apud Masium in loc. , it was five miles from Kirjathjearim to the south; and BuntingF25Travels, p. 124. places it four miles from Jerusalem westward, taking it for a city in the tribe of Judah, Joshua 21:16,
and passed on to Timnah; which, in Jerom's time, was a large village on the borders of Lydda, as you go to Jerusalem, in the tribe of Judah, or DanF26De loc. Heb. fol. 95. C. ; his placed in the tribe of Judah, Joshua 15:57; though thought to be afterwards given to Dan; here Judah sheared his sheep; see Gill on Genesis 38:12.
And the border went out unto the side of Ekron northward,.... Which was one of the principalities of the Philistines; and which, though it fell to the lot of Judah, Joshua 15:45, was not possessed by them:
and the border was drawn to Shicron, and passed along to Mount Baalah; of which places we have no account elsewhere:
and went unto Jabneel; which Masius makes no doubt was one of the Jamnias, and particularly that which was a seaport; which Strabo saysF1Geograph. l. 16. p. 522. was distant from Azotus and Ashkelon about two hundred furlongs, or twenty five miles:
and the goings out of the border were at the sea; the Mediterranean sea; here the northern border ended.
And the west border was to the great sea, and the coast thereof,.... The western border of the tribe of Judah went along by the Mediterranean sea, which lay west to the land of Canaan; and this border reached from Jabneel to the river of Egypt, where the southern border ended, Joshua 15:4,
this is the coast of the children of Judah round about according to their families; but being too large, some part of it was afterwards given to Simeon, and some particular cities of it were given to Dan and Benjamin: it was bounded on the west by the tribes of Simeon and Dan towards the Mediterranean sea, and by the tribe of Benjamin on the north, and by the wilderness of Paran on the south, and by the dead sea and Jordan on the east.
And unto Caleb the son of Jephunneh he gave a part among the children of Judah,.... That is, Joshua gave it to him. This account is inserted before the cities in the lot of the tribe of Judah were enumerated, to show what was to be excepted from them, and which had been given to Caleb previous to the lot:
according to the commandment of the Lord to Joshua; for as he had declared this to Moses, Deuteronomy 1:36; so it seems he also gave the same order to Joshua, who, it is not improbable, might consult the Lord about it when Caleb made his request, Joshua 14:12,
even the city of Arba the father of Anak, which city is Hebron; See Gill on Joshua 14:15.
And Caleb drove thence the three sons of Anak,.... Some think this was after the death of Joshua, and is here inserted by some other person divinely inspired, and thoroughly acquainted with this fact, that the gift and the possession of this place might appear in one view; but it rather seems to be done before:
Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak; the very same giants Caleb saw at Hebron, when he was sent a spy into the land, Numbers 13:22; for these may as well be supposed to have lived to this time as himself, unless it can be thought that they were the sons of those men, called by their fathers' names; and though they were driven out when Joshua took Hebron, yet while he was engaged in making other conquests, or however before he died, they regained the possession of that city, and of the parts adjacent to it, from whence Caleb, with the help of his tribe, expelled them, conquered, and slew them, Judges 1:10.
And he went up from thence to the inhabitants of Debir,.... Having conquered Hebron, and got possession of that, Caleb marched to Debir, a city not many miles from Hebron, and seems to have been in the country, and part of the land, which was given him; of which See Gill on Joshua 10:38,
and the name of Debir before was Kirjathsepher; or "the city of books"; either a place of literature, a sort of an academy, or where was a public library; the Targum calls it Kirjatharche, or the city of the archives, in which were laid up the public records of the Canaanites; the same is called Kirjathsannah for the like reason; see Gill on Joshua 15:49.
And Caleb said, he that smiteth Kirjathsepher, and taketh it,.... Which he ordered to be proclaimed through the army that was under his command; and which was done not so much on the account of the difficulty of taking the place, through the number of the inhabitants of it, and its fortifications, which it seems had fallen again into the hands of the Canaanites, since it was taken by Joshua; nor through inactivity, diffidence, and timorousness in himself; but that others, who were officers, and men of valour under him, might gather some laurels as well as himself; and chiefly being under a divine impulse, he ordered this declaration to be made, whereby his brother Othniel, who was to be a judge in Israel, might appear a great man, and fit for such an office; and as an encouragement, he promises as follows:
to him will I give Achsah my daughter to wife; and to be married into the family of the chief prince of the tribe of Judah was a very great honour, as well as no doubt a very large dowry might be expected, and was given with her, and very probably the city of Debir was promised that should be taken. This Achsah seems to be a daughter of Caleb by a concubine, 1 Chronicles 2:48.
And Othniel the son of Kenaz, the brother of Caleb, took it,.... The relation of Othniel to Caleb is a little intricate, and, as it is understood, occasions objections to the marriage of Caleb's daughter to him; it seems, at first sight, that he was Caleb's own brother, a younger brother, and so uncle to his daughter, and such marriages were forbidden, Leviticus 18:14. Jarchi thinks he was the brother of Caleb by his mother's side; Kimchi, both by father and mother's side; but not to observe, that besides the word "brother" sometimes signifies only a kinsman, or near relation, and not precisely a brother; it is not Othniel that is called the brother of Caleb, but Kenaz, who was the father of Othniel; so that Caleb was Othniel's uncle, and Achsah and Othniel were brothers' children, or first cousins, between whom marriage was allowed of:
and he gave him Achsah his daughter to wife; according to the tenor of his proclamation, and the promise he made.
And it came to pass, as she came unto him,.... To her husband, being conducted from her father's house to his, in order to consummate the marriage, just as we may suppose when she was got to her husband's house, before she lighted off the beast on which she rode:
that she moved him to ask of her father a field; or persuaded him to make such a request to him, or that he would give her leave to make it; that is, Achsah put Othniel her espoused husband upon it, to entreat her father Caleb, or suffer her to use her interest with him to obtain a field of him, over and above, and something better, than what he had already given:
and she lighted off her ass; she leaped or threw herself from it; or bowing herself, she fell off on her feet, as Jarchi interprets it, and in an humble manner made her obeisance to her father; though De Dieu, from the use of the word in the Ethiopic language, gives a different sense, as if she continued on her ass, and did not alight, waiting the success of her husband's request; or that her father, taking notice of this, might ask the reason of it, which would give her an opportunity of asking the favour of him, which she judged was a proper time of doing it; and there are some versions which seem to countenance this sense the Septuagint version is,"she cried from off the ass;'and the Vulgate Latin version,"she sighed as she sat upon the ass:"
and Caleb said unto her, what wouldest thou? what wouldest thou have? what is thy request for he perceived, by the posture she put herself in, that she had something to say to him.
Who answered, give me a blessing,.... By which she meant not a paternal benediction, or that he would wish and pray for a blessing on her; nor food, or a maintenance, as Jarchi, that her husband would provide for her; but rather an inheritance or possession, as the Targum; or a gift, as Abendana, a present, or something over and above what he had already given her; or an addition to her portion, as Kimchi: the word is sometimes used for a fish pool, as well as a blessing, and so glances at what she had in view, pools of water, or a well watered land:
for thou hast given me a south land; a dry land, as the Jewish writersF1So Jarchi and Kimchi in loc. R. Sol. Urbin. Ohel Moed, fol. 34. 1. generally interpret this word, otherwise all the land belonging to the tribe of Judah was south land, and Caleb could give her no other; but Debir, as Hebron was, was in the hill country, was mountainous and so dry, and wanted watering:
give me also springs of water; she means land in which there were springs of water; for unless she was possessed of the land in which they were, she would have no command of the springs, and so have little or no use of them:
and he gave her the upper springs, and the nether springs; such as were in the higher grounds, and such as were in the lower ones, that she might have a sufficiency to water all her lands and fields; or as she moved her husband to ask a field, and he put her on doing the same, Caleb gave her a field, in the upper part of which were springs, and also in the lower part; though he seems to have given more than she requested.
This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Judah, according to their families. The general description of which is given in the preceding part of the chapter, as the particular cities belonging to it are enumerated in the following part; the account of the gift of Hebron to Caleb, and the taking of Debir by Othniel, with the request of Achsah, and the grant of it, are inserted between them, and stand as it were in a parenthesis.
And the uttermost cities of the tribe of the children of Judah,.... That is, those cities which were the outward part of the tribe of Judah, the southern border of it; for the midland cities are not in this part, of the description reckoned, which reaches from hence to the end of Joshua 15:32,
toward the coast of Edom southward: it begins about the dead sea, and goes on in that part of the land of Canaan which bordered on Idumea, and so proceeds on westward towards Gaza, and the Mediterranean sea: the cities in this part of the tribe
were Kabzeel, called Jekabzeel, Nehemiah 11:25; and was the native place of Benaiah, one of David's mighty men, 2 Samuel 23:20,
and Eder and Jagur; of which we have no mention elsewhere.
And Kinah,.... Of this city we read of nowhere else:
and Dimonah; the second city is thought to be the same with Dibon, Nehemiah 11:25; and JeromF2Comment. in Esaiam, c. 15. 9. observes, that a place elsewhere was indifferently called in his time Dibon and Dimon;
and Adadah; the last of these cities is nowhere met with.
And Kedesh,.... The first of these cities seems to be Kadeshbarnea, which was to the south of the land, and on the borders of Edom, from whence the spies were sent, Numbers 32:8,
and Hazor is another city from that which is mentioned, Joshua 11:1; and was in the tribe of Naphtali:
and Ithnan, which JeromF3De loc. Heb. fol. 92. H. calls Jedna, was, according to him, six miles from Eleutheropolis, as you go to Hebron; the Greek version joins this and the former city together, and makes them one.
Ziph,.... Ziph was of the tribe of Judah in the south, on the borders of Eleutheropolis, as Jerom saysF4De loc. Heb. fol. 95. G. and was eight miles from Hebron to the east; and in his time a village was shown, where David was hid; but that Ziph seems to be in another part of this tribe near Carmel, and from whence a wilderness had its name; see Joshua 15:55,
and Telem is supposed to be the same with Telaim, 1 Samuel 15:4,
and Bealoth; of this city we read nowhere else.
And Hazor, Hadattah, and Kerioth, and Hezron, which is Hazor. According to the Targum, two cities only are here meant, which reads, "and Hazorhadattah, and Keriothhezron, which is Hazor"; and this reading seems to be right; there were three Hazors in this tribe, one in Joshua 15:23, and two more here, which are distinguished; the first is called Hazorhadattah, or new Hazor; of which Jerom saysF5De. loc. Heb. fol. 88. B. , there is a village at this day called Asor, in the borders of Ashkelon, to the east of it, which fell to the lot of the tribe of Judah; the Scripture makes mention of it, calling: it new Asor, to distinguish it from the old; and Keriothhezron is the same with Hezron, Joshua 15:3; and had also the name of Hezron. From this place Judas Iscariot is thought to have his name, being Ishceriot, a man of Keriot.
Amam,.... Of Amam we read nowhere else:
and Shema is thought by some to be the same with Sheba, though wrongly, given afterwards to the tribe of Simeon, as was also Moladah, mentioned with it, Joshua 19:2,
and Moladah; it is also spoken of in 1 Chronicles 4:28, and seems to be the same with Malathi or Malatis, about twenty miles from HebronF6Vid. Reland. Palest. Illustrat. tom. 2. p. 885, 886. .
And Hazargaddah,.... The first of these, it is probable, is the same, JeromF7Ut supra, (De loc. Heb.) fol. 92. B. calls Gadda, in the tribe of Judah, which was in his day a village in the extreme borders of Daroma to the east, hanging over the dead sea:
and Heshmon is met with nowhere else:
and Bethpalet is in Nehemiah 11:26, where it is called Bethphelet.
And Hazarshual,.... The first of these seems to have its name from an haunt of foxes here, and was given to the tribe of Simeon, Joshua 19:3; and is mentioned as here with Beersheba, 1 Chronicles 4:28 Nehemiah 11:27,
and Beersheba was a city well known in the extreme border of the land of Canaan southward; hence the phrase "from Dan to Beersheba", Judges 20:1, of which Jerom saysF8lbid. fol. 89. E. F. , Bersabee, in the tribe of Judah or Simeon, is at this day a large village, twenty miles from Hebron to the south, in which there is a Roman garrison; and from hence the borders of the land of Judea begin, and go on to Dan, which is by Paneas:
and Bizjothjah, of which mention is made elsewhere.
Baalah,.... Baalah was given to the tribe of Simeon, Joshua 19:3; for Baalah is the same with Balah there, as it is with Bilba, 1 Chronicles 4:29; though according to the Jerusalem TalmudF9Hieros. Sanhedrin, fol. 18. 3. it is the same with Baalah, given to the tribe of Dan, Joshua 19:44; and was one of those places whose houses were in Judah and their fields in Dan:
and Azem was also given to the tribe of Simeon, Joshua 19:3; it is the same with Ezem, 1 Chronicles 4:29,
and Iim, of which we read nowhere else.
And Eltolad,.... The first of these cities is called Tolad, 1 Chronicles 4:29,
and Chesil seems to be the same with Bethul and Bethuel, Joshua 19:4 1 Chronicles 4:30; and here the Greek version calls it Baithel:
and Hormah is the same with Zephath, Judges 1:17. All these three cities were given to the tribe of Simeon, Joshua 19:4.
And Ziklag,.... Ziklag was also given to the tribe of Simeon, Joshua 19:5, it was in the bands of the king of Gath, in the times of David, who gave it to him; it bordered on the Amalekites, and is placed by JeromF3De loc. Heb. fol. 94. I. in Daroma, on the south of the lot of Judah or Simeon.
and Madmannah, according to the same writerF4Ibid. fol. 93. E. , was in his time called Menois, a town near the city Gaza:
and Sansannah, of which no mention is made elsewhere.
And Lebaoth,.... Whether Lebaoth is the same with Bethlebaoth, given to the tribe of Simeon, Joshua 19:6; is not certain:
and Shilhim is nowhere else spoken of:
and Ain seems to be the same with that in Numbers 34:11; also See Gill on Numbers 34:11.
and Rimmon, the place JeromF5De loc. Heb. fol. 91. C. calls Eremmon, which he says was a large village of the Jews, sixteen miles from Eleutheropolis to the south, in Daroma; this and the preceding are joined together as one, and called Enrimmon, Nehemiah 11:29. It is probable they were near to each other, and in process of time the buildings of each might increase, so as to meet and join each other:
all the cities are twenty and nine, with their villages; but according to our version, and as we point them, they are thirty eight; some make them thirty six, others thirty seven; the Jews generally make thirty eight of them, as we do, and account for the difference of number thus; that nine of these cities were given to the tribe of Simeon, Joshua 19:1; and these being taken out of the thirty eight, there remain twenty nine; so Jarchi and Kimchi account for it; but as the number of the cities is uncertain, and this account is given before the separation of the nine, and they are all reckoned together, this does not seem to be satisfactory; rather, as Abarbinel observes, the twenty nine of the places enumerated were cities, and the other were villages, unwalled towns, or not of so much note as the twenty nine.
And in the valley,.... In Joshua 15:33 are enumerated the several cities belonging to the tribe of Judah which lay in the valley. JeromF6De. loc. Heb. fol. 94. M. says, that now all the plain and champaign country near Eleutheropolis, which verges to the north and west, is called "Sephela", or the valley:
Eshtaol; the two first of these seem to be given afterwards to the tribe of Dan, Joshua 19:41; between these two places Samson was born and buried, Judges 13:2; they were both at the same distance from Eleutheropolis, according to Jerom; of Eshtaol he saysF7Ibid. fol. 91. C. , it is showed to this day ten miles from Eleutheropolis, to the north, as you go to Nicopolis or Emmaus:
and Zoreah, of which he calls Saara, he saysF8lbid. fol. 94. I. it is a village on the borders of Eleutheropolis, as you go to Nicopolis, about ten miles of it in the tribe of Dan or Judah:
and Ashnah, of which no mention is made elsewhere; there was another place of the same name, but different from this, Joshua 15:43.
And Zanoah,.... The first of these, Jerom saysF9De loc. Heb. fol. 95. G. , is in the borders of Eleutheropolis, as you go to Aelia (or Jerusalem); there is at this day a village called Zanua:
and Engannim, which signifies a fountain of gardens, is now (according to the same writerF11Ibid. fol. 91. E. ) a village near Bethel:
and Tappuah was a royal city, of which see Joshua 12:17. Enaim, in the tribe of Judah, Jerom saysF12Ibid. fol. 91. E. in his day was the village Bethenim, about the turpentine tree, or oak of Mamre; but that seems to be the same with Ain, Joshua 15:32; of which he says the same under that word, and makes it to be two miles from the oak, and four from Hebron. Masius thinks it is the same with Enam, near to Timnath, of which See Gill on Genesis 38:14; it following Tappuah one would be tempted to think with Jarchi it was the same with Entappuah, but that that was on the borders of Manasseh, Joshua 17:7,
and Enam; it has an ה prefixed to it, and may be read "that Enam", as pointing out some known and remarkable place, though now unknown.
Jarmuth, and Adullam,.... The two first of these were royal cities, of which see Joshua 10:3,
Socoh; Jerom saysF13De loc. Heb. fol. 94. I. there were two little villages in his day of the name of Socho, as you go to Aelia (or Jerusalem), from Eleutheropolis, in the ninth mile on the public way, one in the mountain, and the other in the plain, (the same with this,) both of which were called Socoth: of this place was Antigonus, president of the sanhedrim, and successor of Simeon the just, called in the MisnahF14Pirke Abot, c. 1. sect. 3. a man of Socho:
and Azekah; See Gill on Joshua 10:10; it appears to be near to Socoh from 1 Samuel 17:1, where the Philistines are said to pitch their camp between them.
And Sharaim,.... Sharaim seems to be the Saara of Jerom, which he describes as a village on the borders of Eleutheropolis, to the north as you go to Nicopolis (or Emmaus), about ten miles from it in the tribe of Dan or JudahF15Ut supra. (De loc. Heb. fol. 88. E.) ; there was a place called Bethshaaraim, where the sanhedrim sometimes satF16T. Bab. Roshhashauah, fol. 31. 2. , and where R. Judah was buriedF17Gloss. in T. Bab. Sanhedrin, fol. 47. 1. . This seems to be the same with Shaaraim in 1 Samuel 17:52,
and Adithaim; Jerom observesF18Ut supra, (De loc. Heb.) fol. 88. F. , under the word "Adithaim", that there is a village called Adia, near Gaza, and another Aditha, near Diospolis (or Lydda), to the east:
and Gederah, which seems to be the same Jerom calls Gaddera, in the tribe of JudahF19De loc. Heb. fol. 92. B. , now, he says, called a village belonging to the country of Aelia (or Jerusalem), by the name of Gadera, about the turpentine tree.
and Gederothaim, of which we nowhere else read; Kimchi thinks Gederah and Gederothaim were one city:
fourteen cities with their villages; but, upon counting them, it will appear there are fifteen, which may be reduced to fourteen, if with Kimchi we take the two last to be but one, who in this way reconciles it; or with Jarchi make Tappuah and Enam to be one also, called Entappuah, which is the way he takes to solve the difficulty; but perhaps the case is this, that one of the places in the account was not a city, but a village.
Zenan,.... Here begins another list or catalogue of the cities in the valley or plain. Zenan perhaps is the same with Zaanan, Micah 1:11,
and Hadashah was so small a city in Judea in the times of the Misnic doctors, that they sayF20Misn. Eruvim, c. 5. sect. 6. it had but fifty dwellings in it; and Jerom speaksF21De loc. Heb. fol. 88. F. of a place called Adasa, in the tribe of Judah, in his times a village near Guphua; it should be Taphna:
and Migdalgad, of which we nowhere else read; some think it had its name from some famous exploit done here by one of the tribe of Gad, who came over with Joshua to assist in the war, as the stone of Bohan the Reubenite, Joshua 15:6.
And Dilean,.... Of the first of these nothing is to be said:
and Mizpeh, of which name there were cities in other tribes; this in the tribe of Judah was in the times of JeromF23De loc. Heb. fol. 93. D. called Mapha, on the borders of Eleutheropolis to the south, as you go to Aelia, or Jerusalem:
and Joktheel, of which nothing is to be said.
Lachish,.... Lachish and Eglon were royal cities, of which see Joshua 10:3,
and Bozkath, is called Boscath, of which place was the mother of King Josiah, 2 Kings 21:1; some take it to be the same with Bascana, as in the Apocrypha:"And when he came near to Bascama he slew Jonathan, who was buried there.' (1 Maccabees 13:23)
and Eglon also was a royal city, of which see Joshua 10:3.
And Cabbon, and Lahmam, and Kithlish. Cities of which we can give no account, not being mentioned elsewhere.
And Gederoth,.... Gederoth is reckoned among the cities of the low country, and south of Judah, 2 Chronicles 28:18,
and Bethdagon; in it very probably was a temple of Dagon, which was a principal deity of the Philistines, 1 Samuel 5:2; Jerom saysF24De loc. Heb. fol. 89. F. in his time was shown a large village called Capherdagon, between Diospolis and Jamnia; of Naamah, the same writer says nothing, only that it was a city of the tribe of Judah:
and Makkedah; see Joshua 10:10; it was a royal city, Joshua 12:16;
sixteen cities with their villages; and is the exact number of them, as before enumerated.
Libnah,.... Here begins another division or list of the cities of Judah, in the valley or plain. Libnah is the same with Libnah, a royal city; see Joshua 10:29,
and Ether was given to the tribe of Simeon, Joshua 19:7; and under Ether of the lot of Simeon, Jerom writesF25De loc. Heb. fol. 91. C. & 92. I. , there is now a very large village called Jethira, in interior Daroma, near Malatha, twenty miles from Eleutheropolis:
and Ashan also was given to the tribe of Simeon, Joshua 19:7; and the above writer relatesF26De loc. Heb. fol. 88. G. , that there was in his times a village called Bethasan, belonging to Aelia, or Jerusalem, fifteen miles from it.
And Jiphtah,.... Jiphtah is nowhere else mentioned:
and Ashnah; there was another Ashnah of this tribe, and which was in the vale also, met with already in Joshua 15:33,
and Nezib was in Jerom'sF1De loc. Heb. fol. 93. I. times called Nasib, seven miles from Eleutheropolis, as you go to Hebron.
And Keilah,.... The first of these is a well known city, which David saved from the hands of the Philistines, 1 Samuel 23:1, &c. In Jerom's time it was a little village to the east of Eleutheropolis, about eight miles from it, as you go to Hebron; in which was shown the sepulchre of the Prophet HabakkukF2De loc. Heb. fol. 90. A. .
And Achzib is said to be on the borders of Asher, Joshua 19:29, and is supposed the same with Chezib, Genesis 38:5; and the Ecdippa of Josephus and others, and now called Zib; See Gill on Micah 1:14,
and Mareshah; Jerom saysF3lbid. fol. 93. E. , only the ruins of it were to be seen two miles from Eleutheropolis:
nine cities with their villages; which is just their number.
Ekron, with her towns and her villages. One of the five principalities of the Philistines, which with two more next mentioned, though they fell to the lot of the tribe of Judah, were never possessed by them; for which reason perhaps Gath and Ascalon are not mentioned, and these are put for the rest; see Joshua 13:3.
From Ekron even unto the sea,.... The Mediterranean sea, or the west, as the Targum:
all that lay near Ashdod, with their villages; this is the Azotus of the New Testament, Acts 8:40, another of the principalities of the Philistines, of which and Ekron See Gill on Amos 1:8 and See Gill on Zephaniah 2:4.
Ashdod with her towns and, her villages, Gaza with her towns and her villages,.... Gaza was another of the principalities of the Philistines, of which See Gill on Amos 1:7; See Gill on Zephaniah 2:4; See Gill on Acts 8:26; these, with the two other principalities not mentioned, Gath and Ashkelon, were in the western border of the tribe of Judah, which reached from Ekron, the first that is mentioned:
unto the river of Egypt; of which see Joshua 15:4,
and the great sea, and the border thereof; the Mediterranean sea, called so in comparison of the lesser seas in Judea, the salt sea, and the sea of Tiberias; whose border was its shore, and the cities upon it, and not the isles in the sea, as Jarchi.
And in the mountains,.... The hill country of Judea, as it is called Luke 1:39, in which were the following cities:
Shamir: the Alexandrian copy of the Greek version reads Sophir as the name, of the first of these cities; and Jerom saysF4De loc. Heb. fol. 94. I. there was a village of this name in the mountainous parts, situated between Eleutheropolis, and Ashkelon in the tribe of Judah; see Micah 1:11,
and Jattir the same writer calls Jether, in the tribe of Judah; and saysF5Ibid. fol. 92. l. there was in his time a very large village called Jethira, twenty miles from Eleutheropolis, the inhabitants of which were then all Christians: it was situated in interior Daroma, near Malatha:
and Socoh is different from Socoh in Joshua 15:35; that was in the plain, this in the mountain; See Gill on Joshua 15:35.
And Dannah,.... Dannah is not mentioned elsewhere:
and Kirjathsannah, which is Debir; Kirjathsannah had three names, this and Debir, and Kirjathsepher; See Gill on Joshua 15:15; all which are of much the same signification; for "Sanna" with the ArabsF6"mos vivendi, lex", Golius, col. 1221. Castell. col. 2567. Vid. Bochart. Canaan, 50:2. c. 17. col. 771. , and so with the Phoenicians, signifies law, doctrine, and manner of life; and with the Mahometans the secondary law to the Koran, and answers to the Jewish Misnah; and the Greek version interprets this name "the city of letters". JeromF7De loc. Heb. fol. 90. I. calls it Daenna, and seems to confound it with Dannah.
And Anab,.... Of Anab; see Gill on Joshua 11:21,
and Eshtemoh Jerom callsF8De loc. Heb. fol. 88. G. Astemech, a village in the tribe of Judah, and belongs to the Jews in Daroma, and is to the north of a place called Anem, perhaps the same with Anim here;
and Anim Jerom says is the village Anea, near another of the same name; which he places to the south of Hebron, as he does this to the east, the inhabitants of which in his time were all Christians.
And Goshen,.... Of Goshen in the land of Canaan; see Gill on Joshua 10:41,
and Holon, of which there is no other mention:
and Giloh was the city of Ahitophel, 2 Samuel 15:12,
eleven cities with their villages; the number agrees; this is the first division of cities in the mountains; a second follows.
Arab,.... Arab is the same JeromF9De loc. Heb. fol. 91. B. calls Ereb, and was in his time a village in the south, and was called Heromith:
and Dumah; Duma, Jerom saysF11Ibid. fol. 90. K. , was a large village in the south, also on the borders of Eleutheropolis, seventeen miles from it:
and Eshean, of which we have no account.
And Janum,.... Under the word "Janum", Jerom writesF12De loc. Heb. fol. 92. I. , there is a village called Janua, three miles from Legion to the south, but seems not to be what is written:
and Bethtappuah is by Jerom called BethaphuF13Ibid. fol. 89. F. , and said to be a village in the tribe of Judah, fourteen miles beyond Raphia, as you go to Egypt, which is the border of Palestine:
and Aphekah; Jerom speaksF14Ibid. fol. 88. D. of a large castle in his time called Apheca, near the town of Palestine; there were several places of the name of Aphek; See Gill on Joshua 12:18. As for Bethtappuah, it seems to be a place which was dedicated to a deity to which apples were sacred, in memory of the apple by which mankind was seduced; there was in later times a goddess called Pomona from hence.
And Humtah,.... Of Humtah we nowhere else read:
and Kirjatharba, which is Hebron; of Kirjatharba we read frequently; See Gill on Joshua 14:15,
and Zior; Jerom saysF15De loc. Heb. fol. 94. H. , that in his time there was a village shown by the name of Sihor, between Aelia (or Jerusalem) and Eleutheropolis, in the tribe of Judah:
nine cities with their villages; which is exactly their number, as expressed; here ends the second division, or of the cities in the hill country of Judea; a third follows.
Maon, Carmel,.... Maon was the dwelling place of Nabal the Carmelite, whose possessions were in Carmel, and were not far from one another, 1 Samuel 25:2. It gave name to a wilderness near where David hid himself from Saul, 1 Samuel 23:25; JeromF16De loc. Heb. fol. 93. E. places it to the east of Daroma, who also informsF17lbid. fol. 92. C. us, that there was in his time a village that went by the name of Carmelia, ten miles from Hebron towards the east, and where was a Roman garrison.
and Ziph, according to the same writerF18Ibid. fol. 95. G. , was eight miles from Hebron to the east; and there was a village shown in his time where David was hid; this gave name to a wilderness also, 1 Samuel 23:14,
and Juttah, which Jerom callsF19Ibid. fol. 92. I. Jeshan, was in his time a large village of the Jews, eighteen miles from Eleutheropolis, to the southern part in Daroma. RelandF20Palestin. Illustrat. tom. 2. p. 870. conjectures that this was the native place of John the Baptist; and that, instead of "a city of Judah", it should be read "the city Juta", Luke 1:39.
And Jezreel,.... This Jezreel in the tribe of Judah is different from that which was once a royal seat of some of the kings of Israel, and from whence the famous valley of Jezreel or Esdraelon had its name: of this we have no other account elsewhere:
and Jokdeam; of which we have no other mention:
and Zanoah is a distinct place from the city of the same name in the valley, Joshua 15:34.
Cain,.... Cain, or Hakain, "that Cain", we nowhere else read of; whether the name was given it by the old Canaanites, in memory of Cain, the son of Adam, is not certain:
Gibeah; there were other places that went by the name of Gibeah; there was a Gibeah in Benjamin, Judges 20:4, and another in the same tribe called Gibeah of Saul, 1 Samuel 11:4, to distinguish it from that; but this was in the tribe of Judah. Masius conjectures it is the same with that in 1 Samuel 23:19 which was near Ziph; and not amiss. JeromF21Ut supra, (De loc. Heb.) fol. 92. C. makes mention of Gabaha and Gabatha, little villages to the east of Daroma; and of another Gabatha, near Bethlehem, in the tribe of Judah; but whether either of these are meant it is doubtful:
Timnah, of this city; see Gill on Joshua 15:10,
ten cities with their villages; the number agrees with the names of them.
Halhul,.... Here begins a fourth division, or list, of the cities in the mountains. Halhul Jerom calls Ehul, and saysF23De loc. Heb. fol. 91. B. there was in his time in the country belonging to Aelia (or Jerusalem) a village by the name of Ahula, near Hebron; and
Bethzur, Jerom saysF24De loc. Heb. fol. 89. G. , was then called Bethseron, a village as you go from Aelia to Hebron, in the twentieth mile, near which was a fountain at the bottom of a mount, where it is said the eunuch was baptized by Philip: he makes mention of another village called Bethsur in the tribe of Judah, a mile from Eleutheropolis. In the Apocrypha:"So he came to Judea, and drew near to Bethsura, which was a strong town, but distant from Jerusalem about five furlongs, and he laid sore siege unto it.' (2 Maccabees 11:5)it is said to be but five furlongs from Jerusalem, but it must have been at a greater distance:
Gedor, of this city; see Gill on Joshua 12:13.
And Maarath, and Bethanoth, and Eltekon,.... Of these cities we have no account elsewhere; only mention is made of Eltekeh, in the tribe of Dan, Joshua 19:44,
six cities with their villages; these were all in the mountainous part of Judea, as were the two following.
Kirjathbaal, (which is Kirjathjearim,),.... Of Kirjathbaal, and its several names; see Gill on Joshua 15:9,
and Rabbah, of which we nowhere else read; for this is a very different city from the Rabbah of the children of Ammon, 2 Samuel 12:26,
two cities with their villages; why these are reckoned by themselves is not certain.
In the wilderness,.... The wilderness of Judea, which was not a desert and uninhabited but had many cities and villages in it, those that follow:
Betharabah; the first of these seems to be in the borders of Judah and Benjamin, and so is ascribed to both; see Joshua 15:6,
Middin, and Secacah; of the two last we read nowhere else, only in Judges 5:10; what we translate "ye that sit in judgment", Kimchi interprets, "ye that dwell by Middin", and says it is the name of a place in Joshua, and mentions this passage.
And Nibshan,.... Of Nibshan no mention is made elsewhere:
and the city of Salt some take to be Zoar, so called because near the salt sea, or where Lot's wife was turned into a pillar of salt, Genesis 19:22; but rather this city might be so called, because salt was made here.
and Engedi, or Engaddi, is a well known place, near the salt sea; See Gill on Ezekiel 47:10. Jerom saysF25De loc. Heb. fol. 91. B. , there was a very large village of Jews in his time called Engaddi, near the dead sea, from whence comes the opobalsam; the same place is called Hazazontamar, from the palm trees which grew there, 2 Chronicles 20:2. It was famous for vineyards also, Song of Solomon 1:14; it lay, according to JosephusF26Antiqu. l. 9. c. 1. sect. 2. , three hundred furlongs or about forty miles from Jerusalem:
six cities with their villages; the sum total agrees with the particulars.
As for the Jebusites, the inhabitants of Jerusalem,.... From whom the city was called Jebus, Judges 19:10. The Jews say, that these Jebusites were not those of the seven nations; but there was a man whose name was Jebus, and he was of the Philistines, of the seed of Abimelech, and the place was called by his name Jebus; and the men of that family that dwelt at Jerusalem, their names were called Jebusites, having their descent from him; so Araunah, the Jebusite, was king of that place: and the fort of that place was Zion, which was at Jerusalem: so Kimchi relates from their Rabbins, and with whom Jarchi agrees, but without any foundation; there is no doubt to be made of it, that these Jebusites were Canaanites:
the children of Judah could not drive them out; according to the above Jewish writers they could have done it, but it was not fit and proper they should, because of the oath of Abraham to Abimelech, from whom they suppose these Jebusites sprung; but the case was this; though Joshua slew the king of this place, and took his land with the rest, Joshua 10:1; and though the men of Judah retook it after his death, it having been got into the hands of the Jebusites again, Judges 1:8; yet either the fort of Zion was never taken by either of them, or if taken, the Jebusites got possession of it again, and held it until the times of David; see 2 Samuel 5:6,
but the Jebusites dwell with the children of Judah at Jerusalem unto this day; the one in the fort of Zion, and the other in the city of Jerusalem, properly so called, and thus they continued unto the writing of this book; by which it should seem, that the Jebusites were not dispossessed of their fort, or a part of the city, by Joshua; or this might be added and inserted by some inspired man afterwards; or however it must be done before the times of David: and from the whole it appears, that the city of Jerusalem, at least a part of it, belonged to the tribe of Judah, as another part did to that of Benjamin, to which it is ascribed, Joshua 18:28; see Judges 1:21.