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1 Chronicles 19:1-19 King James Version with Strong's Concordance (STRONG)

1 Now it came to pass after this, H310 that Nahash H5176 the king H4428 of the children H1121 of Ammon H5983 died, H4191 and his son H1121 reigned H4427 in his stead.

2 And David H1732 said, H559 I will shew H6213 kindness H2617 unto Hanun H2586 the son H1121 of Nahash, H5176 because his father H1 shewed H6213 kindness H2617 to me. And David H1732 sent H7971 messengers H4397 to comfort H5162 him concerning his father. H1 So the servants H5650 of David H1732 came H935 into the land H776 of the children H1121 of Ammon H5983 to Hanun, H2586 to comfort H5162 him.

3 But the princes H8269 of the children H1121 of Ammon H5983 said H559 to Hanun, H2586 Thinkest H5869 thou that David H1732 doth honour H3513 thy father, H1 that he hath sent H7971 comforters H5162 unto thee? are not his servants H5650 come H935 unto thee for to search, H2713 and to overthrow, H2015 and to spy out H7270 the land? H776

4 Wherefore Hanun H2586 took H3947 David's H1732 servants, H5650 and shaved H1548 them, and cut off H3772 their garments H4063 in the midst H2677 hard by their buttocks, H4667 and sent them away. H7971

5 Then there went H3212 certain, and told H5046 David H1732 how the men H582 were served. And he sent H7971 to meet H7125 them: for the men H582 were greatly H3966 ashamed. H3637 And the king H4428 said, H559 Tarry H3427 at Jericho H3405 until your beards H2206 be grown, H6779 and then return. H7725

6 And when the children H1121 of Ammon H5983 saw H7200 that they had made themselves odious H887 to David, H1732 Hanun H2586 and the children H1121 of Ammon H5983 sent H7971 a thousand H505 talents H3603 of silver H3701 to hire H7936 them chariots H7393 and horsemen H6571 out of Mesopotamia, H763 and out of Syriamaachah, H758 H4601 and out of Zobah. H6678

7 So they hired H7936 thirty H7970 and two H8147 thousand H505 chariots, H7393 and the king H4428 of Maachah H4601 and his people; H5971 who came H935 and pitched H2583 before H6440 Medeba. H4311 And the children H1121 of Ammon H5983 gathered themselves together H622 from their cities, H5892 and came H935 to battle. H4421

8 And when David H1732 heard H8085 of it, he sent H7971 Joab, H3097 and all the host H6635 of the mighty men. H1368

9 And the children H1121 of Ammon H5983 came out, H3318 and put the battle H4421 in array H6186 before the gate H6607 of the city: H5892 and the kings H4428 that were come H935 were by themselves in the field. H7704

10 Now when Joab H3097 saw H7200 that the battle H4421 was set against him before H6440 and behind, H268 he chose out H977 of all the choice H977 of Israel, H3478 and put them in array H6186 against H7125 the Syrians. H758

11 And the rest H3499 of the people H5971 he delivered H5414 unto the hand H3027 of Abishai H52 his brother, H251 and they set themselves in array H6186 against H7125 the children H1121 of Ammon. H5983

12 And he said, H559 If the Syrians H758 be too strong H2388 for me, then thou shalt help H8668 me: but if the children H1121 of Ammon H5983 be too strong H2388 for thee, then I will help H3467 thee.

13 Be of good courage, H2388 and let us behave ourselves valiantly H2388 for our people, H5971 and for the cities H5892 of our God: H430 and let the LORD H3068 do H6213 that which is good H2896 in his sight. H5869

14 So Joab H3097 and the people H5971 that were with him drew nigh H5066 before H6440 the Syrians H758 unto the battle; H4421 and they fled H5127 before H6440 him.

15 And when the children H1121 of Ammon H5983 saw H7200 that the Syrians H758 were fled, H5127 they likewise fled H5127 before H6440 Abishai H52 his brother, H251 and entered H935 into the city. H5892 Then Joab H3097 came H935 to Jerusalem. H3389

16 And when the Syrians H758 saw H7200 that they were put to the worse H5062 before H6440 Israel, H3478 they sent H7971 messengers, H4397 and drew forth H3318 the Syrians H758 that were beyond H5676 the river: H5104 and Shophach H7780 the captain H8269 of the host H6635 of Hadarezer H1928 went before H6440 them.

17 And it was told H5046 David; H1732 and he gathered H622 all Israel, H3478 and passed over H5674 Jordan, H3383 and came H935 upon them, and set the battle in array H6186 against them. So when David H1732 had put the battle H4421 in array H6186 against H7125 the Syrians, H758 they fought H3898 with him.

18 But the Syrians H758 fled H5127 before H6440 Israel; H3478 and David H1732 slew H2026 of the Syrians H758 seven H7651 thousand H505 men which fought in chariots, H7393 and forty H705 thousand H505 footmen, H376 H7273 and killed H4191 Shophach H7780 the captain H8269 of the host. H6635

19 And when the servants H5650 of Hadarezer H1928 saw H7200 that they were put to the worse H5062 before H6440 Israel, H3478 they made peace H7999 with David, H1732 and became his servants: H5647 neither would H14 the Syrians H758 help H3467 the children H1121 of Ammon H5983 any more.

Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Matthew Henry Commentary » Commentary on 1 Chronicles 19

Commentary on 1 Chronicles 19 Matthew Henry Commentary


Chapter 19

The story is here repeated of David's war with the Ammonites and the Syrians their allies, and the victories he obtained over them, which we read just as it is here related, 2 Sa. 10. Here is,

  • I. David's civility to the king of Ammon, in sending an embassy of condolence to him on occasion of his father's death (v. 1, 2).
  • II. His great incivility to David, in the base usage he gave to his ambassadors (v. 3, 4).
  • III. David's just resentment of it, and the war which broke out thereupon, in which the Ammonites acted with policy in bringing the Syrians to their assistance (v. 6, 7), Joab did bravely (v. 8-13), and Israel was once and again victorious (v. 14-19).

1Ch 19:1-5

Let us here observe,

  • 1. That it becomes good people to be neighbourly, and especially to be grateful. David will pay respect to Hanun because he is his neighbour; and religion teaches us to be civil and obliging to all, to honour all men, and to be ready to do all offices of kindness to those we live among; nor must difference in religion be any obstruction to this. But, besides this, David remembered the kindness which his father showed to him. Those that have received kindness must return it as they have ability and opportunity: those that have received it from the parents must return it to the children when they are gone.
  • 2. That, as saith the proverb of the ancients, Wickedness proceedeth from the wicked, 1 Sa. 24:13. The vile person will speak villany, and the instruments of the churl will be evil, to destroy those with lying words that speak right, Isa. 32:6, 7. Those that are base, and design ill themselves, are apt to be jealous and to suspect ill of others without cause. Hanun's servant suggested that David's ambassadors came as spies, as if so great and mighty a man as David needed to do so mean a thing (if he had any design upon the Ammonites, he could effect it by open force, and had no occasion for any fraudulent practices), or as if a man of such virtue and honour would do so base a thing. Yet Hanun hearkened to the suggestion, and, against the law of nations, treated David's ambassadors villainously.
  • 3. Masters ought to protect their servants, and with the greatest tenderness to concern themselves for them if they come by any loss or damage in their service. David did so for his ambassadors, v. 5. Christ will do so for his ministers; and let all masters thus give unto their servants that which is just and equal.

1Ch 19:6-19

We may see here,

  • 1. How the hearts of sinners that are marked for ruin are hardened to their destruction. The children of Ammon saw that they had made themselves odious to David (v. 6), and then it would have been their wisdom to desire conditions of peace, to humble themselves and offer any satisfaction for the injury they had done him, the rather because they had made themselves not only odious to David, but obnoxious to the justice of God, who is King of nations, and will assert the injured rights and maintain the violated laws of nations. But, instead of this, they prepared for war, and so brought upon themselves, by David's hand, those desolations which he never intended them.
  • 2. How the courage of brave men is heightened and invigorated by difficulties. When Joab saw that the battle was set against him before and behind (v. 10), instead of meditating a retreat, he doubled his resolution; and, though he could not double, he divided his army, and not only spoke, but acted, like a gallant man, that had great presence of mind when he saw himself surrounded. He engaged with his brother for mutual assistance (v. 12), excited himself and the rest of the officers to act vigorously in their respective posts, with an eye to God's glory and their country's good, not to any honour and advantage of their own, and then left the issue to God: Let the Lord do that which is right in his sight.
  • 3. How vain the greatest art and strength are against justice and equity. The Ammonites did their utmost to make the best of their position: they brought as good a force into the field, and disposed it with as much policy as possible; yet, having a bad cause, and acting in defence of wrong, it would not do; they were put to the worst. Right will prevail and triumph at last.
  • 4. To how little purpose it is for those to rally again, and reinforce themselves, that have not God on their side. The Syrians, though in no way concerned in the merits of the cause, but serving only as mercenaries to the Ammonites, when they were beaten, thought themselves concerned to retrieve their honour, and therefore called in the assistance of the Syrians on the other side Euphrates; but to no purpose, for still they fled before Israel (v. 18); they lost 7000 men, who are said to be the men of 700 chariots, 2 Sa. 10:18. For, as now in a man of war for sea-service they allot ten men to a gun, so then, in land-service, ten men to a chariot.
  • 5. those who have meddled with strife that belongs not to them, and have found that they meddled to their own heart, do well to learn wit at length and meddle no further. The Syrians, finding that Israel was the conquering side, not only broke off their alliance with the Ammonites and would help them no more (v. 19), but made peace with David and became his servants. Let those who have in vain stood it out against God be thus wise for themselves, and agree with him quickly, while they are in the way. Let them become his servants; for they cannot but see themselves undone if they be his enemies.